35. The ratio of actual output to effective capacity is called the: ANS: EfÏciency 36. One of these is not a characteristic of a well-designed service system: ANS: Distributed computer networks 37. The owner of Cookies Inc., Zoya, is contemplating adding a new line… ANS: 1,000 cookies/month 38. Which of the following is not an ongoing trend in manufacturing? ANS: Mass production for greater economies of scale 39. At the breakeven point.. ANS: TC=TR 40. Which one of these is not a determinant of effective capacity? ANS: Product life cycle 41. Which of the following is true? ANS: Functional strategies are shaped by corporate strategy? 42. Manufacturing work sent to other countries is called: ANS: Outsourced 43. A forecast based on the previous forecast plus a percentage of the forecast error is: ANS: an exponentially smoothed forecast 44. Which of the following is a metric for determining how much capacity is used, on average? ANS: capacity utilization 45. Which phrase most closely describes the Delphi technique? ANS: series of questionnaires 46. Detecting non-randomness in errors can be done using: ANS: Control Charts 47. Gradual, long-term movement in time series data is called: ANS: Trend 48. The primary method for associative forecasting is: ANS: Regression analysis 49. Suppose a country’s productivity last year was 84. If this country’s productivity growth rate is 5% is to be maintained, this means that this year’s productivity will have to be: ANS: 88.2 50. The structural approach for integrating customer requirements into every aspect of product development is known as: ANS: Quality function deployment 51. The mean absolute deviation (MAD) is used to: ANS: measure forecast accuracy 52. When a firm is engaged in capacity planning, which of the following is most important to consider? ANS: 53. Given an actual demand of 59, a previous forecast of 64, and an alpha of .3, what would be the forecast for the next period be using simple exponential smoothing? ANS: 62.5 54. Which of the following corresponds to the predictor value in simple linear regression? ANS: independent variable 55. Designing for recycling helps facilitate: ANS: compliance with regulatory environments