Japanese Particles Cheatsheet

JAPANESE PARTICLES CHEAT SHEET Indicate subjects by coming after them Meanings: Òis, am, areÓ pronounced ÒhaÓ but pronounced ÒwaÓ Also / Too Meanings: ÒApostrophe SÓ & ÒofÓ *Makes something possessive, like saying Òmy monkey,Ó ÒJennyÕs friend,Ó or ÒBobby of Sony (i.e. SonyÕs Bobby).Ó Meanings: ÒalsoÓ and ÒtooÓ - it can also emphasize ÒanyÓ Examples: Examples: * The Þrst example would be used when youÕre introducing yourself to someone, the second one would be more like one of those movies where one person has the gun pointed at two identical targets, where they are saying ÒI am KoichiÓ and ÒNo, IÕm Koichi!Ó The important (emphasized) Examples: The Direct Object How itÕs used: All it does is shows what the direct object is. Used when youÕre directly doing something (the verb) to something (the object). How itÕs used: Used to show what an action is directed to, and also shows destinations, directions, places, and time. Remember, when you move you use your knees (ni) Examples: Examples: Eat sushi I like sushi / it is sushi that I like Destination How itÕs used: This is a lot like the particle ÒniÓ but emphasizes the destination. ItÕs more like Òheading towardsÓ than anything else (see examples below) Examples: responsible (i.e. Òthe radio is brokenÓ vs. ÒI broke Shows Context Meaning: ÒBy way ofÓ / ÒatÓ Can show how and where an action takes place. Examples: sentence to make a question, like a question mark! everything and you know everything on the list everything, and maybe there are other things not included. used to receive agreement for what youÕre saying. feeling, often when relaying new information.