University:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Course:
3.205 | Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Materials
Academic year:

2022
Views:

260

Pages:

4
Author:

Prince Sampson

YARNS & CLASSIFICATION INTRODUCTION Yarn is “a generic term for a continuous strand of textile fibers, filaments, or material in a form suitable for knitting, weaving, or otherwise intertwining to form a textile fabric. Yarns play an important role in the fabric manufacturing process since a majority of the textile materials are constructed with yarns. Yarns are also used for products such as sewing and embroidery thread, string, and rope. Yarns are produced in various sizes and textures, and also vary in other characteristics. Performance, end use, and fabric care are affected by these yarn characteristics. Fibre length is used to broadly divide yarns into: – Spun yarns (made from short, staple fibres) – Filament yarns (made from continuous filament fibres) Yarn processing methods for spun yarns are very different from those of filament yarns. Two important things in spinning of yarn that will later on affect the fineness and strength of the fabric woven. 1. Yarn twist : Yarns (especially spun yarns) are twisted to hold the fibres together. The number of twists per unit length is used to measure twist. Yarn twist can be broadly divided by number of twists: none or very low, low, average, and high twist. Some of the common uses for yarns with different twists are given below: – Filament yarns used for smooth fabrics have no or very low twist. – Yarns used for napping, bulky sweaters, and pile in towels have low twist. – Most spun yarns used for woven fabrics have average twist. – Crepe yarns used for plain and crepe weave fabrics have high twist. Yarn twist impacts the yarn's appearance, fineness, strength, and absorption. – To a point, the fineness and strength increase with an increase in twist, but excessive twist causes yarn strength to decrease. – Absorption decreases with an increase in twist; however, in hydrophobic fibres even yarns with little or no twist may not have good absorption. – In high twist yarns such as crepe, the twist increases the elasticity of the yarns, thus giving the fabric a lively suppleness.

Yarns and Classification

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