Neurotransmitters and Drugs Сhart

Drug class: Subgroup: Benzodiazepines Specific drugs: Examples: Diazepam (Valium), clonazepam (Klonopin), lorazepam (Ativan), temazepam (Restoril), flunitrazepam (Rohypnol), triazolam (Halcion), alprazolam (Xanax) Benzodiazepine agonists Zolpidem (Ambien), eszopiclone (Lunesta), zopiclone, zaleplon (Sonata) Barbiturates Phenobarbital, pentobarbital, thiopental (sodium pentothal, sodium amytal), secobarbital Sedatives Alcohol Gammahydroxybutyrate (GHB), GBL, 1,4-butanediol Mechanism: Major effects: Side effects: Any medical use: Drowsiness, falls, Anxiety, Agonist at Calm, relaxed muscles, impaired coordination, insomnia, benzodiazepine site on sleepy impaired memory, epilepsy, many the GABA-A receptor dizziness other diseases Same as above Mainly just sleepy, sometimes hallucinations and sleep-like states Same as benzodiazepines Same as Agonist at barbiturate benzodiazepines, plus site on the GABA-A Calm, euphoric, sleepy breathing suppressed, receptor terrible withdrawal, death Same as Opens BK potassium benzodiazepines, plus channels nausea, vomiting, (hyperpolarizing Calm, euphoric, loss of breathing suppressed, neurons), closes SK inhibitions (facilitates terrible withdrawal potassium channels in socializing, talking, (including psychosis reward center of brain singing, sex), relaxed and seizures), brain (causing DA release), damage, various probably other effects diseases, death Same as Agonist at GHB Euphoric, energetic, benzodiazepines, plus receptor (may sleepy, calm (mix of nausea, vomiting, desensitize it or inhibit stimulant and sedative breathing suppressed, GABA), agonist at effects) psychosis, seizures, GABA-B receptor death 2 Insomnia Epilepsy, other diseases in the past and more rarely today Alcohol withdrawal Narcolepsy (improves cataplexy, not simply a sleep aid) Amphetamines Amphetamine (Adderall), methamphetamine (Desoxyn), methylphenidate (Ritalin), phentermine, 4-methylaminorex, phenmetrazine (Preludin), methcathinone, fenfluramine (Pondimin, Fen-Phen), dexfenfluramine (Redux), pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), ephedrine, phenylpropanolamine (old Triaminic), phenylephrine (Sudafed PE), phenethylamine, tyramine Stimulants MDMA (ecstasy), MDA, MDEA Cocaine Narcotics Cannabis Increase release and inhibit reuptake of 5-HT, DA, and NE. Euphoric, energetic, deep and unusual thoughts, perceived inspiration and novelty, Like above, but releases enhances sex, dancing, a lot more 5-HT music, art, touch and senses. Contentment. Connection to other people, strong emotions. Inhibits 5-HT, NE, and DA reuptake, blocks Same as amphetamine voltage-gated sodium (above) channels Morphine, heroin (diacetylmorphine), hydrocodone (Vicodin), oxycodone Activate all opioid Full opioid (Percocet, Oxycontin), fentanyl, Demerol, receptors completely. agonists codeine, opium, hydromorphone Reduce NE release. (Dilaudid), oxymorphone (Opana), methadone Only activate certain subtypes of opioid Partial, selective, Buprenorphine (Suboxone), pentazocine, receptors, and/or do not or mixed opioid nalbuphine, tramadol (Ultram), tifluadom activate them fully, agonists and/or block certain subtypes. Active ingredient is mostly tetrahydrocannabinol, some other active ingredients like cannabidiol in smaller quantities Euphoric, energetic, able to work, concentrate, stay awake. Reduces appetite. Anxiety, paranoia, psychosis, high blood pressure, heart attack, stroke, brain damage when used excessively ADHD, narcolepsy, obesity, rarely depression Same as amphetamine, plus brain damage, confusion, agitation, frequently death due to hyperthermia, heart attack, water intoxication, and other problems. None Same as amphetamine, plus a worse risk of heart attack Local anesthesia and bleeding control, diagnostic tests Euphoric, pain relief, Nausea, constipation, Pain relief, rarely calm, relaxed, sleepy, vomiting, drowsiness, depression and appetite suppression breathing suppressed diarrhea Pain relief, not quite as Pain relief, rarely Nausea, constipation, euphoric or relaxing as depression, vomiting, drowsiness full agonists (above) opioid addiction Might relieve Memory, thinking, nausea, vomiting, Unusual thoughts and reflexes, and and neuropathic feelings, sometimes Agonist at cannabinoid coordination are pain. Pills calm, happy, hungry, receptors impaired. May already legal, enhanced appreciation contribute to psychosis other forms of art in the long term. under investigation. 3 Mescaline (peyote cactus), 2C-series Feeling of novelty, drugs (2C-B, 2C-I, 2C-C, 2C-T-7), 3C-E, Partial agonist at 5-HT2 inspiration, reverence. Phenethylamines receptors (2A and 4-MTA, PMA, DO-series drugs (DOC, Fast, disordered possibly 2C). This Anxiety, insomnia, DOB, DOI, DOM) thoughts, trances. receptor is mostly paranoia, temporary Perceptual anomalies: excitatory, but it is Psilocybin and psilocin (both in psychosis. May patterns move, colors inhibitory in certain mushrooms), bufotenin (in toads), DMT contribute to psychosis brighter, seeing sounds, Tryptamines parts of the brain Psychedelics (in plants), 5-MeO-DMT (in plants), smelling colors. Crazy in the long term, or 5-MeO-DiPT, DET, AMT, 4-HO-DiPT dealing with perception. cause "flashbacks" ideas and beliefs. (HPPD). Some cause Same as above, plus nausea, increased body Same as above, plus Lysergic acid diethylamine (LSD), LSA other effects, depends temperature, tremors. Ergolines agonism at other 5-HT, (ergine, in plants) of frequency of use and DA, and NE receptors. dose. Dissociative anesthetics Deliriants Inhalants None Psilocybin and LSD have been tested for the treatment of cluster headaches Other ergolines are used for many diseases but are not psychedelic. Anesthesia. A Feeling of distance Nausea, vomiting, related drug, from reality and body, coma, violence, memantine, is NMDA (glutamate numbing of sensations extreme confusion, used in Phencyclidine (PCP), dextromethorphan, ketamine receptor) antagonists and pain. Convincing temporary psychosis. Alzheimer's and absorbing PCP causes brain disease, and these hallucinations. damage. could be used in stroke sufferers. Extreme confusion, Loss of memory, temporary psychosis, Scopolamine and atropine (in plants), diphenhydramine Muscarinic (ACh convincing and Many legitimate hot, dry skin, dry (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) receptor) antagonists absorbing uses mouth, huge pupils, hallucinations. fast heartbeat, death Calm, relaxed, Many diseases, death, euphoric, pain relief, nausea, vomiting, Diethyl ether (starter fluid), chloroform, toluene, gasoline, hallucinations, strange Unknown, probably accidental General glue, paint, xenon, cyclopropane, freon, halothane, sensations (different multiple mechanisms asphyxiation, falls, anesthesia sevoflurane inhalants cause varies depending on different effects from particular drug this list) Calm, euphoric, pain Unknown, but opioid General or partial Nitrous oxide relief, memory loss, Similar to above pathways are necessary anesthesia unconsciousness Stimulate NO system "Head rush", muscle Dangerously low blood Nitrites Isoamyl nitrite, isobutyl nitrite (NO is a Heart conditions relaxation, dizziness pressure, fainting neurotransmitter) 4 Convincing, absorbing Dysphoria, panic, Theoretically Selective agonist of the hallucinations, headache, inability to similar to pain Salvinorin A (salvia divinorum) kappa opioid receptor visionary states, pain talk, falls, sweating, relievers relief persisting anxiety (pentazocine) Vaguely like a Nausea, other side Useful in Muscimol (amanita muscaria) GABA-A agonist hallucinogen effects research Nicotinic acetylcholine Nicotine (tobacco) See Wikipedia, PubMed, Google receptor agonist Adenosine receptor Alertness, antagonist, inhibits Insomnia, anxiety, Other wakefullness, energy, Caffeine (coffee, tea, other plants) some PDE enzymes headaches on Headaches appetite suppression, causing increased withdrawal, diuresis headache relief cAMP signaling Anxiety, Falls, poor depression, Methaqualone (Quaalude, Sopor), thalidomide, Various mechanisms, Depending on the drug: coordination and insomnia, pain, meprobamate (Miltown), carisoprodol (Soma), glutethimide, mostly related to Calm, sleepy, euphoric, memory, coma, other anesthesia, chloral hydrate (knockout drops, Micky), ethchlorvynol GABA, similar to relaxed muscles, pain side effects vary from epilepsy, muscle (Placidyl), methyprylon, primidone barbiturates relief, nausea relief drug to drug relaxation, nausea Disclaimer: Do not use drugs for fun. Take drugs exactly as prescribed by a trustworthy doctor. This chart provides a rough overview, it is an oversimplification, it has omissions, and it may have blatant inaccuracies due to ongoing scientific debate or the writer's idiocy. 5 NeuroACh transmitter: Acetylcholine Effects: NE Norepinephrine DA Dopamine ↓Heart rate ↑Heart rate ↑Secretions ↑Alertness (sweat, saliva) ↑Happiness ↑Memory ↓Blood ↑Muscle circulation ↓Pain contractions ↑Alertness ↑Happiness ↓Hunger Nicotine, muscarine, Chantix, nerve gases (VX, Drugs that Sarin), increase or Alzheimer's mimic: drugs (Aricept, Exelon), physostigmine, Tensilon, pilocarpine Amphetamine, cocaine, SNRIs (Effexor, Cymbalta), tricyclic antidepressants, MAOIs, Wellbutrin, LSD, pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), albuterol, pyridostigmine 5-HT Serotonin Glu Glutamate The most common ↑Happiness excitatory ↑Fullness ↓Pain neurotransmitter Amphetamine, cocaine, LSD, Amphetamine, psychedelics cocaine, (mushrooms, Parkinson's mescaline), drugs (levodopa, SSRIs (Prozac, bromocriptine, Zoloft), tricyclic benztropine), antidepressants, MAOIs, MAOIs, BuSpar, Wellbutrin, LSD triptans (sumatriptan, for migraines) D-cycloserine, domoic acid (shellfish) GABA Opioids ↑Sleepiness ↓Anxiety ↑Sleepiness ↓Alertness ↓Anxiety ↓Pain ↓Memory ↓Muscle tension Alcohol, barbiturates (phenobarbital), benzodiazepines (Valium), GHB, baclofen, neurosteroids (alphaxolone), muscimol Morphine, heroin, fentanyl, hydrocodone (Vicodin) Cannabinoids Histamine ↑Hunger ↑Wakefulness ↑Stomach acid ↑Itchiness ↓Hunger THC (marijuana, hashish), nabilone Opiates, betahistine Atypical antipsychotics PCP, ketamine, (Risperdal, Flumazenil, Namenda (for Benadryl, Seroquel), bicuculline, Alzheimer's), Naloxone, antipsychotics, Zofran, bemegride, Ro Rimonabant dextromethorphan naltrexone Tagamet, reserpine, TPH 15-4513, (Robitussin), Zantac inhibitors, phaclofen dizocilpine tryptophandepleted drink Disclaimer: Do not use drugs for fun. Take drugs exactly as prescribed by a trustworthy doctor. This chart provides a rough overview, it is an oversimplification, it has omissions, and it may have blatant inaccuracies due to ongoing scientific debate or the writer's idiocy. BZ, atropine, scopolamine, Antipsychotics Propranolol, Drugs that benztropine, (Haldol), clonidine, decrease or biperiden, reserpine, phentolamine, block: curare, Botox, tetrabenazine, reserpine, AMPT mecamylamine, AMPT α-bungarotoxin 6