AP United States History Unit 8 Quiz

AP United States History Unit 8 Quiz 1. What was the Truman Doctrine? a) A policy set forth by President Truman to prevent the spread of communism to politically unstable countries b) A policy to help communism spread to more countries c) American foriegn policy outlining isolationism d) A plan to give money to European countries devastated by war 2. Who helped Berlin during its Blockade? a) The Soviet Union b) The United States and Great Britain c) Egypt d) France and The Netherlands 3. Why did the US intervene in the Korean Conflict? a) South Korea asked us to come help them fight b) North Korea tried to unite with South Korea into one communist state c) North Korea asked the United States to help them d) Russia was going to make South Korea communist 4. Which democratic alliance did the United States join after WWII? a) NATO alliance b) Warsaw pact c) Allied powers d) European alliance 5. Why did McCarthy hold hearings of the US Army? a) To talk about what they did in WWII b) To decide who deserved awards for their service c) To try and investigate who was a communist in the army d) To ask them what they thought about Stalin 6. Why did the Cuban Missile Crisis occur? a) The Soviet Union was building missiles in Turkey b) Cuba was afraid they would get missiles shot at them c) Fidel Castro wanted revenge on JFK for the Bay of Pigs d) President JFK learned about the missiles in Cuba facing the United States 7. What group of Americans, by large, fought back against the Vietnam war? a) Elderly People b) Infants c) Teenagers/Young Adults d) Adults 8. What two scandals did Nixon face during his presidency? a) Watergate and The Pentagon Papers b) The first and second Corrupt Bargains c) The Whiskey ring and Teapot Dome d) The Monica Lewinsky affair and the Iran Contra affair 9. What was the Great Society focused on improving? a) The economy b) Social Welfare, Healthcare, Voting rights, and Education c) The Prison system d) FDR's New deal policies 10. What did Brown v. BOE declare unconstitutional? a) Plessy v. Ferguson b) Marbury v. Madison c) Roe v. Wade d) McCulloch v. Madison 11. Why was this period of time (1945-1980) marked by the Affluent Society? a) People had little money to spend so they saved it all b) Many people took the time to learn how to be better with their money c) Most of society had no money d) The post-war economic boom led to families having more wealth 12. Who landed on the moon first? a) The Soviet Union b) The United States c) China d) Great Britain 13. What did the Immigration Act of 1965 abolish? a) Immigration to the United States b) National origins quota system c) The testing of immigrants for diseases d) A law preventing immigrants from owning property 14. Why was the Woodstock music festival so popular among young people? a) Woodstock showed all the pretty views of NY b) The festival was the first of its kind c) It had all of the elements of new youth culture built into it d) Only young people like music 15. What did Roe v. Wade rule? a) That abortions were not legal b) That abortions fall under the rights of privacy and that abortion was legal c) That rowing is not a team sport d) That birth control is illegal 16. What changes to agriculture were marked by Rachel Carson? a) The pesticide DDT was banned b) All pesticides were banned c) Farmers started planting more fruits d) A new irrigation system was introduced 17. What did the clean air act of 1970 do? a) Banned the use of Fossil Fuels b) Made a board to test the air quality c) Implemented environmental protections based on federal air pollution policies d) Set up systems to clean the air 18. What other movement was working alongside the equal rights movement? a) The unequal rights movement b) The Gay rights movement c) The conservative movement d) The animal conservation movement 19. What was the Black Panther group? a) A black seperatist group formed following the assassination of MLK and Malcolm X b) A group formed under the principle of protecting wild black panthers c) A church group as they met at night in secrecy d) A civil rights group founded on desegregating the United States 20. What did President Jimmy Carter help to organize? a) The March on washington b) The SALT treaties c) The Camp David Accords d) The Watergate break ins Explanations 1. a) A policy set forth by President Truman to prevent the spread of communism to politically unstable countries: The Truman Doctrine was America's new policy against communism. It worked hand in hand with the Marshall Plan, which set aside 13 billion dollars to stabilize countries in Europe after WWII. The Marshall Plan was set up to convince countries to become allies with the United States and turn more democratic, and not use the Soviet Union's resources to rebuild. The Truman doctrine was eventually extended by the Eisenhower doctrine which extended its wings to prevent communism's spread in the middle east as well. 2. b) The United States and Great Britain: After WWII, Germany was split into different sectors where different countries were responsible for rebuilding it, following a deal the allies made. When the United States and The Soviet Union couldn't agree on how to shape the new German Government, the Soviet Union created a blockade of Berlin, shutting it off to food and water from the neighboring democratic Germany run by the United States. Great Britain and The United States had to fly over and drop food supplies to the people of Berlin. 3. b) North Korea tried to unite with South Korea into one communist state: Following the new Truman doctrine, the US intervened into the Korean conflict/war. North Korea was communist and was attempting to combine with South Korea into a single communist state. The United States successfully prevented communism from spreading to the South but failed to liberate the North from communism. 4. a) NATO alliance: The NATO alliance was formed between democratic countries. Another alliance, the Warsaw pact, was formed alongside it by the Soviet Union as a communist alliance creating the iron curtain over eastem Europe. 5. c) To try and investigate who was a communist in the army: McCarthyism is a term associated with this cold war era of the United States. Many people were scared about communism being hidden in the United States. In attempts to reveal who was secretly a communist Senator McCarthy held investigative trials into citizens, Hollywood elites, immigrants, and even army veterans. All of these trials were televised. If proven to be a communist by the board, you would lose everything you had. After the trials of veterans, McCarthy lost all his credibility as people thought he was being malicious and "going too far" by investigating the people that serve the United States. 6. d) President JFK learned about the missiles in Cuba facing the United States: Under the leadership of Fidel Castro, Cuba became communist and became allies with the Soviet Union. This was scary for the US as Cuba is neighbors with them. As a result President JFK backed the Bay of Pigs attack in which Cuban exiles were used to go in and try to assassinate Fidel Castro. The attack was unsuccessful and was embarrassing for the US. The year after the United States were able to learn about missiles being built in Cuba that were aiming towards The US. To prevent missiles from entering the US, they created a blockade. This crisis was eventually resolved with Khrushchev and JFK agreeing to take their missiles out of Cuba and the US missiles out of Turkey. 7. c) Teenagers/Young Adults: The Vietnam War spanned over almost 4 decades and took thousands of lives. This war was marked with jungle warfare and bombing. This war is also known as the first televised war, showing all of this brutality of war in people's homes for the first time. This and other events of the war, including the My Lai massacre where American infantrymen murdered more than 500 men, women, and children, turned public opinion over the war. Many of the people against the war were teenagers and young adults in college. There was a lot of campus unrest over the wars and protests were held at college campuses against it. One event at a college was the Kent State massacre where a national guardsman shot into a crowd of anti-Vietnam protesters. 8. a) Watergate and The Pentagon Papers: Nixon's presidency is highlighted by his formation of diplomatic relations with China, but he also faced two scandals while being president. He first faced the release of the Pentagon Papers, which exposed that the government had lied about some of the events and actions it took during the Vietnam war. He also most famously led the Watergate scandal in which he sent fake plumbers to go into the democratic committee headquarters in order to ensure himself a win. The plumbers were then caught and managed to cover up the events until the newspapers found out and Nixon was forced to resign before facing impeachment. 9. b) Social Welfare, Healthcare, Voting rights, and Education: The Great Society was created by President Lyndon B Johnson. His main goal was to fight poverty and by improving social welfare, healthcare, voting rights, and education he hoped to fight it. One of Johnson's most famous pieces of legislation passed was the Civil Rights Act of 1964, where he outward discrimination based on anyone's race, religion, gender, or nation of origin. 10. a) Plessy v. Ferguson: In the famous Brown v. BOE court case, Plessy v. Ferguson was declared unconstitutional. Plessy v. Ferguson was the case that made segregation legal. This case specifically applied to schools and led to the desegregation of schools in the south. The kids that went to Little Rock Arkansas high school faced a lot of racism and threats on their way into school and Eisenhower had to send in the national guard in order to protect them. 11. d) The post-war economic boom led to families having more money to spend: WWII brought America out of the depression and led to an economic boom. People were being paid more money, and with more money comes more financial security, leading people to increase the amount of children they were having. With this increase in larger households, and the increase in suburban areas, Levittowns were built. Levittowns were an assembly line way of building neighborhoods and in came the modern family. This Affluent society also made the disparity between the private and public wealth and wellbeing. The Affluent society made the middle class the biggest class of Americans. 12. b) The United States: During the cold war, one of the races between the US and the Soviet Union was the space race. Even though the Soviet Union launched Sputnik I into space before the US went into space, the US ultimately won at getting man on the moon with Neil Armstrong. The cold war also had a nuclear arms race. 13. b) National origins quota system: the national origins quota system established a quota on the amount of immigrants allowed into the US based on what country they were coming from. This quota decreased the amount of immigrants allowed to enter the United States from Eastem Europe due to its proximity to the Soviet Union. This immigration act abolished this quota allowing as many immigrants in from any country with no limits. 14. c) It had all of the elements of new youth culture built into it: Youth Culture evolved in the 1960's. Some of the terms that are used to define this new culture are sex, drugs, and rock and roll. This is a sharp contrast to the more conservative youth of the 40's and 50's. Woodstock music festival was a festival where you can see new underground and popular bands and performers of the time perform and hang out with your friends. At this festival many people did do drugs as Marijuana was associated with the hipsters of the era. These teens were very rebellious in their actions as they also began to protest for causes they believed in. 15. b) That abortions fall under the rights of privacy and that abortion was legal: One of the rights that highlighted this time period were rights for women. Alongside the legalization of abortions, the idea of equality based on gender was brought to congress with the Equal Rights amendment but fell short of being ratified. 16. a) The pesticide DDT was banned: After Rachel Carson debated pesticide use in her book, Silent Spring, Congress made an investigation into it. Carson testified in the investigation and it eventually led to the banning of a harmful pesticide: DDT. 17. c) Implemented environmental protections based on federal air pollution policies: Following the United States first Earth Day, celebrating the earth, the Clean Air act was passed. This act set up new federal government policies on its air pollution amount. They did this in order to protect our environment. Another act that was passed was the Clean Water act which helped to regulate the amount of pollutants in water. 18. b) The Gay rights movement: The gay rights movement had existed for years but was ignited by the Stonewall riot. The Stonewall riot took place in NYC after the police raided a gay bar, the Stonewall inn. The riot ended up sparking a wider movement for gay rights, becoming a martyr for the cause. This movement was happening at the same time as the African American civil rights movement and the Women's equality movement. 19. a) A black separatist group formed following the assassination of MLK and Malcolm X: The Black Panther group was formed as an opposition to the principles Martin Luther King Jr. led upon. They wanted to separate from white society and become their own group. This was another view held by black Americans during the civil rights movement. 20. c) The Camp David Accords: Jimmy Carter was elected during a time when the US was facing major gas shortages and stagflation. Although he was unable to assist America in helping these problems he is credited with organizing the Camp David Accords. The Camp David Accords were held by Carter in which he was the middle man in the peace negotiations between Egypt and Israel. This was a big success for Carter and was the first of its time.