Metamorphic Rock

Chapter 2, Section 3: Sedimentary Rock 1. Explain how the rock sandstone is created. _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ ORGINS OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK 2. Define sediment AND explain how it is formed. ____________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. When sediment is deposited in layers and compacted, dissolved minerals can separate from water and become a natural _____________________ that binds the sediment together, forming _____________________ rock. 4. Sedimentary rocks form at or near the Earth’s _________________________. 5. Define strata: _______________________________________________________________________________ COMPOSITION OF SEDIMENTARY ROCK 6. Rock or mineral fragments are called _________________________________ 7. Sedimentary rock that forms when rock or mineral fragments are cemented together is called _______________________ sedimentary rock. 8. Sedimentary rock that forms when minerals crystallize out of solution, such as sea water, to become rock is called _______________________ sedimentary rock. 9. Sedimentary rock that forms from the remains, or fossils, of plant and animals is called _______________________________ sedimentary rock. 10. Some limestone is made from the skeletons of tiny _______________ called _________________. 11. Limestone made from the calcium carbonate from skeletons and shells of sea creatures is called __________________________ limestone. 12. Explain how coal is formed. _____________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ SEDIMENTARY ROCK STRUCTURES 13. What is the process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers? _________________________________ Chapter 2, Section 4: Metamorphic Rock Pages 44 to 49 1. What is the Greek meaning of “metamorphism”? _____________________________________________ 2. What characterizes a metamorphic rock? Meaning what is true of all metamorphic rocks? ______________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What forces are involved in creating metamorphic rocks? ____________________________________________ ORGINS OF METAMORPHIC ROCK 4. The heat and pressure at which some metamorphic rocks originally form allow them to sometimes remain _____________________________ at pressures and temperatures that would melt other rock. 5. Pressure caused by large movements within the crust sometimes cause the ______________________________ in metamorphic rocks to align themselves in parallel bands. 6. During __________________________________, rock is heated by nearby magma. 7. The effect of heat on rock decreases as the rock’s _________________________________ from the magma increases and its ____________________________ decreases. 8. When pressure builds up in rock which is located under other rock formations, _________ ___________ occurs. 9. Regional metamorphism occurs deep in the Earth’s ______________________________. COMPOSITION OF METAMORPHIC ROCK 10. What happens to unstable minerals when exposed to new temperatures and pressure? ____________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 11. What are index minerals and what can they be used for? _____________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Give an example of three index minerals. _________________________________________________________ TEXTURES OF METAMORPHIC ROCK 13. What are the two different types of textures for metamorphic rocks? _______________ and ________________ 14. What is the process called, in which a mineral changes composition during metamorphism? _________________ 15. After sandstone has recrystallized, what new rock is formed? __________________________________ 16. After limestone has recrystallized, what new rock is formed? __________________________________ Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. A rock in which coarse-grained minerals separate into distinct bands ___ A foliated metamorphic rock made from shale ___ A metamorphic rock with minerals grains in planes or bands ___ A metamorphic rock made from phylite that has been exposed to heat and pressure ___ A sedimentary rock made of layers of clay ___ A metamorphic rock made from slate that has been subjected to heat and pressure ___ a. b. c. d. e. f. foliated shale slate phyllite schist gneiss METAMORPHIC ROCK STRCTURES 23. What is a change in the shape of a rock caused by a force placed on it called? ____________________________