What is Augmented Reality? Augmented Reality is an interactive experience of a real-world environment where the objects that reside in the real world are enhanced by computer-generated perceptual information, sometimes across multiple sensory modalities, including visual, auditory, haptic, somatosensory and olfactory. AR can be defined as a system that fulfills three basic features: a combination of real and virtual worlds, real-time interaction, and accurate 3D registration of virtual and real objects. Augmented reality is the technology that expands our physical world, adding layers of digital information onto it. Unlike Virtual Reality (VR), AR does not create the whole artificial environments to replace real with a virtual one. AR appears in direct view of an existing environment and adds sounds, videos, and graphics to it. One of the first commercial uses of Augmented Reality is the use of television in military. In the past decade many labs and technology companies have built devices that give us Augmented Reality. In 2009, the MIT Media Lab's Fluid Interfaces Group presented Sixth Sense, a device that combined the use of a camera, small projector, smart phone and mirror. The device hangs from the user's chest in a lanyard fashion from the neck. Four sensor devices on the user's fingers can be used to manipulate the images projected by Sixth Sense. Google in 2013 introduced Google Glasses that took Augmented Reality to a more physical and more wearable interface. It displays on the users lens through a projector and responds to voice commands, overlaying images, videos and sounds onto the screen. Phones and tablets are the most common way of Augmented Reality in our lives. Most of the applications we use, are indeed a result of Augmented Reality. The games we play, the interactive applications we use along with the real time applications all are a mere example of augmented reality. One of the most popular recent invention is the mobile game Pokémon Go. This came out in the mid 2016s and took mobile gaming to a whole new level. It became a sensation worldwide, with over 100 million users logged in at the same time at its peak. According to Forbes it made more than $2billion and counting. Augmented Reality doesn't stop here. With each day more researchers are working on it and establishing more new ideas and technologies that help improve our life. How does Augmented Reality work? For many of us the way Augmented Reality works implies to the technical side. Augmented Reality can be displayed on various devices: screens, glasses, handheld devices, mobile phones, head-mounted displays. It involves technologies like simultaneous localization and mapping, depth tracking which is basically a sensor data calculating the distance of the objects. Augmented Reality also consists of the following components: Cameras and Sensors- It collects data about user's interactions and sends it for processing. Cameras on devices scans the surroundings and with this information, a device locates the physical objects and generates 3D models. This may be special duty cameras, like in Microsoft Halogens, or common smart-phone cameras to take pictures or videos. Processing- Augmented Reality devices at the end should act like little computers, something modern smart-phones already do. In other words, they require a CPU, a GPU, flash memory, RAM, Bluetooth or Wi-Fi, a GPS, etc., to be able to measure speed, angle, direction, orientation in space, and so on. Projection- This refers to a miniature projector on Augmented Reality headsets, which takes data from sensors and projects digital information onto a surface to view. In fact, the use of projections in Augmented Reality has not been fully invented yet to use it in commercial products or services. Reflection- Some Augmented Reality devices have mirrors to assist human eyes to view virtual images. Some have an “array of small curved mirrors” and some have a doublesided mirror to reflect light to a camera and to a user's eye. The goal of such reflection paths is to perform a proper image alignment. Types of Augmented Reality The best part of Augmented Reality is that it’s accessible to all ordinary users. Augmented reality companies are helping users to experience Augmented Reality through their smartphones. This has lead businesses to new heights of developments and inventions. Such evolution of Augmented Reality technology development created the most available and best fit Augmented Reality mobile application development for various purposes. Let us have a look at the types of augmented reality: Marker-based Augmented Reality- Well you can also call it the image recognition, as it requires a special visual object and a camera to scan it. It may be anything, from a printed QR code to special signs. The Augmented Reality device also calculates the position and orientation of a marker to position the content. Thus, a marker initiates digital animations for users to view, and so images in a magazine may turn into 3D models. Marker-less Augmented Reality- It is also known as the location-based or position-based augmented reality, that utilizes a GPS, a compass, a gyroscope, and an accelerometer to provide data based on user's location. This data then determines what Augmented Reality content you can find or get in a certain area. With the availability of smart-phones this type of Augmented Reality typically produces maps and directions, nearby businesses information. Applications include events and information, business ads popups, navigation support. Projection-Based Augmented Reality- It is the projecting of synthetic light to physical surfaces, and in some cases allows to interact with it. These are the holograms we have all seen in sci-fi movies like Star Wars. It detects user interaction with a projection by its alterations. Superimposition-Based Augmented Reality- It replaces the original image view with an augmented, fully or partially. Object recognition plays a key role, without it the whole concept is simply impossible. We've all seen the example of superimposed augmented reality in IKEA Catalog app that allows users to place virtual items of their furniture catalog in their rooms. Augmented Reality Devices Many modern devices already use the technology of augmented reality. From our smart-phones and tablets to gadgets like Google Glass or handheld devices such as sensors and these technologies continue to evolve. For processing and projection, AR devices and hardware, first of all, have requirements such as sensors, cameras, accelerometer, gyroscope, digital compass, GPS, CPU, displays, and things we've already mentioned. Devices suitable for augmented reality fall into the following categories: Mobile Devices- These are tablets which are most available and best fit for AR mobile apps, ranging from pure gaming and entertainment to business analytics, sports, and social networking. Special Augmented Reality Devices- These are designed primarily and solely for Augmented Reality experiences. One example is head-up displays, sending data to a transparent display directly into user's view. Originally introduced to train military fighters’ pilots, now such devices have applications in aviation, automotive industry, manufacturing, sports, etc. Augmented Reality Glasses- Google Glasses, Meta 2 Glasses, Lester See-Thru, Lafarge AR eyewear, etc. These units are capable of displaying notifications from your smartphone, assisting assembly line workers, access content hands-free, etc. Augmented Reality Contact Lenses- This takes Augmented Reality one step even farther. Manufacturers like Samsung and Sony have announced the development of Augmented Reality lenses. Respectively, Samsung is working on lenses as the accessory to smart-phones, while Sony is designing lenses as separate Augmented Reality devices with features like taking photos or storing data. Virtual Retinal Displays- This creates images by projecting laser light into the human eye. Aiming at bright, high contrast and high-resolution images, such systems yet remain to be made for a practical use. Applications of Augmented Reality Augmented Reality has been complementing or lives on a daily basis. From our smart-phones to our tablets and desktop, all of these run some of its program and applications with the help of Augmented Reality. One of the most popular use of Augmented Reality is gaming. New Augmented Reality games provide much better experience to the users. Some even promote outgoing activities nowadays for example as mentioned earlier Pokémon GO one of the most recent popular AR game requires the need of going out and travelling. Gaming grounds are being moved from virtual spheres to real life, and players actually perform certain activities. For instance, a simple gym activity for kids by the Canadian company SAGA, where to crack cubes moving on a wall children hit it with a ball. Other applications of Augmented Reality are as follows: Education: interactive models for learning and training purposes, from mathematics to chemistry. Medicine/healthcare: to help diagnose, monitor, train, localize, etc. Military: for advanced navigation, marking objects in real time. Art / installations / visual arts / music. Tourism: data on destinations, sightseeing objects, navigation, and directions. Broadcasting: enhancing live events and event streaming by overlaying content. Industrial design: to visualize, calculate or model. Augmented Reality in Bangladesh Augmented Reality, one of the fast growing technology that is welcomed by the users with open hearts. Now this technology has also knocked its presence in 3 rd world countries like Bangladesh. Startup companies have started using this technology to provide with service and products that help our day to day life. In recent years many companies in Bangladesh started using this technology. Two of these companies are Gaze and Bio Forge Health. Let’s see what these two tech companies have for us. GAZE At gaze.technologies they build computer technologies such as face recognition, object detection, scene recognition and real time tracking on video feeds for applications like traffic analytics, access control, retail automation, productivity monitoring and security. Using their technologies they have developed Attendance systems and Detecting Traffic Law Violations. Attendance Systems- Using their face recognition technology, it's now easier than ever to monitor attendance at offices, factories, educational institutions and secure buildings. This can also replace legacy RFID or biometric based attendance systems with a much more intuitive method. Detecting Traffic Law Violations- Their intelligent video analytics suite is capable of detecting several traffic law violations including driving on the wrong side of the road, illegal parking, driving without a fitness or route permit, etc. With their mission of making roads safer, they have been collaborating with Dhaka Metropolitan Police to introduce these technologies city-wide. Their ALPR technology, combined with the law enforcement system could automatically flag and fine violators without any human intervention. Bio Forge Health At Bio Forge they believe that instead of working solely on increasing the doctor to patient ratio, efforts should be put in streamlining the tasks of the medical workforce. Make a doctor’s time with their patients more productive, less prone to errors, and simply a better moment for everyone. It must also remain cost effective to all parties, including the patient, doctor, and the state. In a phrase, administer the strength of many doctors to one doctor. Allow them to become great healthcare providers, but at a fraction of the effort and the cost. At Bio Forge they are constantly researching and developing novel solutions problems. Some in terms of lower cost equipment. Other solutions in regards to automation or appropriate software applications. Some of the projects of Bio Forge are: Smart Photo-therapy lights- Low cost LED photo-therapy lights for neonates. Built in with rechargeable batteries and cameras for relaying data over the net to specialists. 3D printed Prostheses- Developing low cost and replaceable 3D printed prostheses, printed in-house to allow customization and affordability. Neonatal Incubator- Neonatal Incubators are designed for babies in the most critical conditions right after birth. Biomedical Image Analysis- Using state of the art pattern recognition programs to analyze films and images at high speed, picking up minute changes that exceeds the ability of a human eye, all at low cost. Cloud Prescription Writer- A free to use web-based prescription writing service for doctors, aimed at minimizing errors, highlight drug interactions. Augmented Reality in HealthCare Augmented reality now-a-days is known as one of the latest innovation and blessing that is taking route into various markets which include gaming, medical science, automotive, etc. AR technology is developing since 1960’s. According to the research it has been found that the AR market is expected to reach $659.9 million by the end of 2019. The work of AR technology is to allow users see the real world, projects, digital information and medical surgeries onto the existing environment. However, AR is a combination of VR that is imposed into real lives. These virtual contents are typically in the form of digital imagery or sound, usually applied in 3D modes or videos. AR works via the use of a range of sensors such as a camera, computer components or a display device. AR opportunities in HealthCare The application of augmented reality technology is opening up new opportunities in the healthcare industry. It’s expected that by the year 2020, the global market will reach a value of $1.5B. New AR innovations can help enhance doctors and surgeons ability to diagnose, treat, and perform surgery on their patients more accurately by giving them access to real-time data and patient information faster, and more precisely than ever before. AR can also bring huge value to practicing medicine and education by allowing students and trainee physicians to better visualize health issues and scenarios that they one day will be treating. The benefit that AR can bring to the healthcare industry can be groundbreaking and we are just witnessing the beginning of what is to come from AR in the field of medicine. Augmented Surgery As data access technologies are already very advanced, the next step is to provide real-time, life-saving patient information to surgeons which they can use during simple or complex procedures. Augmented reality will allow surgeons to precisely study their patients’ anatomy by entering their MRI data and CT scans into an AR headset and overlay specific patient anatomy on top of their body before actually going into surgery. Surgeons will be able to visualize bones, muscles, and internal organs without even having to cut open a body. This could also help them determine exactly where to make injections and incisions and it could be used to display life-saving information for paramedics and first responders during a medical emergency. AR can not only be used to perform accurate and low-risk surgeries, but it can also help surgeons save time in the case of an emergency surgery. Instead of searching among papers or through electronic medical records, surgeons can have access to all of that information on their AR screen within seconds. At hospitals like Imperial College and St. Mary’s Hospital in London, surgeons and doctors have already begun using Microsoft’s HoloLens AR glasses during reconstructive surgery on patients who have suffered severe injuries. Before using AR, these surgeons had to use a handheld scanner to locate major blood vessels near the wound, but now their augmented reality system helps them find those major blood vessels directly and accurately by displaying them in a three-dimensional virtual image. This is just one of the many examples of how AR can assist surgeons during procedures. Whether surgeons are conducting a minimal procedure or a taking on a life tumor during surgery, AR can help save the lives of many and we have only begun to see just how valuable this technology is to surgeons. Augmented Surgery Startups to Watch BioFlightVR: (PnP Spring 2017 Batch) Bioflight offers a wide range of medical virtual reality and augmented reality services. Bioflight has a VR/AR doctor training and 360° enhanced videos to help physicians and surgeons learn about new products and procedures within their field. The company has also developed an AR/VR a medical training module to help students and doctors to refine and increase their retention. EchoPixel: EchoPixel develops medical imaging devices that enable doctors to use CT images of a patient’s abdomen and display a 3D model. Their products allow doctors to render patient-specific anatomy leading to increased clinical knowledge, faster operations, and better care. Their EchoPixel True 3D AR product uses a wide variety of current medical image datasets to enable radiologists, cardiologists, pediatric cardiologists, and more to see patient specific anatomy in an open 3D space. The system works by using four cameras to track the user’s head movements, glasses to turn images into 3D visuals, and a stylus to let users move and interact with objects in real time. Proximie: Proximie is a revolutionary application transforming the way surgeons work and teach. Proximie is a device and platform agnostic, cloud-based SaaS product. It can pair with most computers, tablets or smartphones with cameras to connect surgeons & students, in real time, anywhere in the world. Proximie layers digitally created content on a live video stream, to provide “hands-on” virtual assistance. It effectively enables a remote surgeon to virtually “scrub-in”. MedicalRealities: Medical Realities is an innovative group offering medical training products, specializing in virtual reality, augmented reality and serious games. Medical procedures are made viewable on consumer VR devices like the Oculus Rift. Through medical training content available, the company is able to reach a much wider audience making it low-cost and easily accessible for learners. Medical students could have access to practice procedures much earlier in their training careers than they would normally do, creating a new and unique learning opportunity. Help Lightning - Vipaar: Vipaar is an AR video support solution. In 2013, the company partnered with the University of Alabama, Birmingham on an orthopedic surgery using Google Glass. Surgeons are able to remotely project their hands into the display of a surgeon on site wearing the AR technology and point and guide to what needs to be done during the procedure. Augmented Diagnosis Augmented reality also makes it possible for doctors to better determine their patients’ symptoms and accurately diagnose them. Often times patients struggle to accurately describe their symptoms to doctors, but with AR, patients can describe their symptoms better. For example, when patients come to the doctor’s for a basic shot, nurses can use AR to find veins easier. AccuVein is an AR startup that uses a handheld scanner which then projects over skin and helps nurses determine where veins are. Augmented Diagnosis Startups to Watch EyeDecide by Orca Health: EyeDecide is one of its kind medical app, which uses the camera display for simulating the impact of specific conditions on a person’s vision. Using apps like EyeDecide, doctors can show a simulation of the vision of a patient suffering from a specific condition. AccuVein: AccuVein is using AR technology to make both nurses and patients’ lives easier. 40% of IVs (intravenous injections) miss the vein on the first stick, with the numbers getting worse for children and the elderly. AccuVein uses augmented reality by using a handheld scanner that projects over skin and shows nurses and doctors where veins are in the patients’ bodies. AccuVein has been used on about 10 million patients, making finding a vein on the first stick 3.5x more likely. Augmedix: The San Francisco-based company aims to harness the power of the Google Glass to make healthcare more patient-centric and cut down on administration. Augmedix provides a technology-enabled documentation service for doctors and health systems, so physicians do not have to check their computers during patient visits, while medical notes are still generated in real time. SentiAR: SentiAR is digital health, software Device Company adding a new dimension to clinical practice in interventional procedures. Spun out of Washington University, they are developing the first 3D visualization platform using real-time holography of the patient's anatomy and catheter location with a goal to provide the clinician and patient a faster, safer delivery of care. SentiAR’s mission is to transform the experience for both patient and clinician in interventional procedures. Atheer: Atheer is the pioneer of AiR (Augmented interactive Reality) computing. AiR Smart glasses connects their AR glasses to an android-based computer. AiR Smartglasses integrates hand-tracking and gesture control with their see-through display. AiR Glasses enable users to view critical work information right in their fieldof-view and interact with it using familiar gestures, voice commands, and motion tracking. Beyond data access and bringing life-saving information into doctors’ field of vision, the ability to interact with that information through gestures, voice commands, and motion tracking is a game-changing capability. Meta: Meta offers users a total augmented reality (AR) experience. Meta makes an AR headset/glasses of the same name, as well as software to run on it. The Meta headset and software can be used for a variety of different purposes, including in the healthcare industry to assist doctors and surgeons with patient information and data. Augmented Practice The benefits that AR can bring to the field of medicine and education are revolutionary. Medical institutions are beginning to implement AR into their curriculum to provide students with a valuable hands-on learning experiences. Essentially, the idea for using AR in education is to simulate patient and surgical encounters for students to make all of their mistakes on AR rather than in a dissection lab or worse, in a real-life procedure. Students will use AR so they can accurately learn about diagnosing patients with health conditions or take part in an AR surgical procedure. AR technologies will also allow medical professionals to continuously observe and give feedback to students during their practice. Another advantage of implementing AR into education is that training can now be made more systematic. Through an AR training program, doctors in training can practice on anything and everything that may come up in a real-life medical situation rather than randomly training with what’s given in a dissection lab. Medical students have always based medicine on theory and proven evidence, and now AR technologies actually allow them to visualize and practice those theories during their training. An example of this are AR apps that can be used to overlay anatomy data on a 3D human skeleton, giving them a better understanding of how the human body works. Augmented Practice Startups to Watch ImmersiveTouch: ImmersiveTouch provides cutting-edge VR and AR training and education solutions to medical professionals, students, and the healthcare industry. ImmersiveTouch combines their innovative technologies with strong academic partnerships to promote world-class medical education and patient safety. Their company’s comprehensive education solutions include next generation surgical simulators and learning management systems. These can be found in leading medical centers around the world, including Johns Hopkins, the University of Calgary, and the University of Chicago. Touch Surgery: Touch Surgery offers an app that allows users to practice surgery at any place and at any time. They use an interactive mobile surgical simulator that guides you step-by-step through every part of an operation, and every decision that’s made along the way. Using sophisticated technology, Touch Surgery is creating accurate and valuable surgical content, disseminating the best techniques and procedures to improve the quality of surgery worldwide. High tech advances have clearly improved outcomes in medicine. Still, AR technology has a way to evolve for all this to be realized and implemented into the daily routine of medicine. AR Hardware needs to fit comfortably and securely on the practitioner’s head. AR images will need to be projected as clear and accurately as possible. Doctors must also begin to buy into the concept that AR can bring vast improvements to their practice. Through the use of AR to assist in surgery, during the training of medical students, and even during regular doctor appointments, we will begin to see AR incorporated more into medicine throughout the coming years. There are a variety of technical and even societal challenges by incorporating AR into medicine, but it’s certainly doable and will be commonly seen within the next few years. Market drivers and opportunities in Bangladesh Owing to factors such as increasing investments in the AR and VR market, proficient delivery of services to patients, and technological advancements in AR and VR, the market is expected to grow significantly. The incorporation of AR and VR in medical imaging, surgical suites, and clinics, and its usage in training professionals to assist in complex medical procedures and surgeries are some of the most promising applications of these technologies so far. Further, with the healthcare sector becoming digitalized at a rapid pace, owing to investments from prominent companies, the AR and VR industry is expected to expand its area of applications at a robust rate in the coming years. Also, the introduction of AR and VR technology in hospitals and healthcare services has successfully addressed the concerns associated with simulation-based training system. The technology has led to development of more secure systems and arranged personalized data for medical procedures. AR and VR technology enable medical practitioners to view precise images of body structures without intrusive methods, making diagnostics an easy process for the patient. At present, the global AR and VR market in healthcare has been used for applications for patient experience, therapeutics, training, drug store executives, and medical procedures. Additionally, the key factor driving the growth of the virtual and augmented reality market is the large volumes of technological developments. Organizations and research institutes from all over the world are focusing on developing more advanced technologies and tools and consequently expanding the area of applications of AR and VR technology. For instance, in 2018, the Queen’s University in Canada introduced a medical training center which consisted of VR simulations. Similarly, the Boston Children’s Hospital and Klick Health in 2018 developed a Health Voyager tool which helped patients to apprehend their medical conditions. Additionally, there are several opportunities present in the market that can help expand the market in the future. These opportunities include hardware and app development with faster processing and a combination of innovative methods such as data visualization and interactive patient information and body mapping. With a number of technological advancements, the AR and VR market is witnessing several changes. In terms of hardware, more sturdy headsets are required to overcome issues such as image latency to surpass the problem of inaccurate augmentation. Several innovations such as development of graphics processing units (GPUs), central processing units (CPUs), and digital signal processors, among others, augment the use of technologies such as depth sensing and 3D mapping. Another big opportunity that can help expand the AR and VR market in the healthcare industry is the patient information management system. Currently, the extent to which the data is generated and accumulated from a patient is huge and difficult to collate, which makes it difficult for specialists to comprehend the problem areas, which can delay the treatment process. With the help of AR and VR technology, the treatment process can be made more efficient as these technologies can highlight the tricky focal points that need to be corrected in a patient. AR and VR technology, with the help of body mapping (providing the full view of the patients’ body), can further enhance the overall treatment process. Problems for implementation of Augmented Reality in healthcare sectors in Bangladesh Augmented Reality is a technology which is still under basic research and development process so there are many problems for implementing this technology in healthcare sectors of 3rd world countries like Bangladesh. We identified some of the problems for implementing this technology in healthcare sector of our country which are given below: Commercial Feasibility: Augmented Reality is a technology which is still under basic research and development process so it’s not feasible commercially for 3rd world countries like Bangladesh because countries like Bangladesh doesn’t have that infrastructure of research facilities and human resource. First world countries have the infrastructure and research facilities to make the technology commercially feasible in different areas and continuous research and development opens the door for cost efficiency. Commercial feasibility is very important for Bangladesh because still it is a developing country so if Augmented Reality cannot be commercially acceptable to the mass then there’s no reason for it to succeed. Commercial feasibility is a matter of fact for 3rd world countries like Bangladesh so it’s still not commercially feasible for Bangladesh and this is the first and foremost problem. Human Resource: For a technology to flourish both effectively and efficiently it requires a great amount of human resource specialized in that particular arena. In Bangladesh there’s a huge crisis for human resource in technology sector. Bangladesh is a country full of potential young people who are waiting to be a great resource for the nation but due to various problems in different sectors of government and society they aren’t being able to be so. Augmented Reality is a sophisticated technology which requires a tremendous amount of potential human resource to work efficiently and effectively in any sector. When it comes to healthcare sector it requires more expertise because it’s very sensitive and the life of mass people depends on it. So, it is a very big problem for Bangladesh that it doesn’t have the human resource required for augmented reality to be implemented in healthcare sector. Government Interest: Government interest is very important and can be called backbone for a big project like this to succeed and help the general mass. Bangladesh is a developing country and currently going through huge amount of development projects and some of them are very basic level infrastructure development. Technological infrastructure development is going on in Bangladesh but its still in basic level. Recently the government built a four-tier data server station. The healthcare sector of Bangladesh is dominated by the government and the mass people mostly uses the government healthcare services so if we want to implement Augmented Reality based healthcare features then we have focus on the government healthcare facilities. For this reason and some more important factors government interest is a must. Government interest will encourage private and foreign investment in this project. But since the atmosphere of our economy is in a developing stage government is more interested in ensuring services to public rather than developing it and because of that government is not interested in sophistication and huge technological service. They’re more interested in infrastructure development. So, government interest is backbone to this project both legally and commercially but it is not available right now which is a root problem. Private Investment: Private investment helps a project to succeed mostly. Private investment plays the key role in a project. Augmented Reality in Bangladesh is totally a new concept and without the government interest as we spoke earlier it’s very unlikely to gather private sector interest. Without private sector investment a project like this won’t be possible to implement. Private investment doesn’t involve money only it also has ties with technological and infrastructure expertise. Private investment seeks for profit maximization so the project always stays afloat in research and development to make it more cost efficient and effective as well. But private investment won’t have the confidence without government legalization, interest and expert human resource. As a result of these situations explained above private sector investment lacks in this arena. There is no government interest and infrastructure aren’t sufficient to make this project commercially feasible, because of that there is a lack of human resource and private investment. So, lack of private investment implementation will suffer. Infrastructure: Infrastructure is the base for technological advancement. If the base is weak then the building cannot stand still over that. Infrastructure development is a must for augmented reality. If the infrastructure is not sufficient enough then we cannot implement augmented reality in our healthcare sector. To provide affordable, efficient and effective help from this project we need to secure the requirements to succeed this project and infrastructure is the main focus for that. Without proper infrastructure we cannot make the project happen. In Bangladesh we don’t have the proper infrastructure yet and we still don’t have the ability to gain that anytime soon. Development is happening to infrastructure but it’s still very slow and disappointing. The third problem we’re going to face for implementation is going to be infrastructure after government approval and investment. But investment and infrastructure are correlated. Investment and infrastructure both influence each other to some extent. Bangladesh doesn’t have the proper infrastructure for implementing this project right now so it’s a very common problem for implementing AR in our healthcare sector. Opportunities: For any project to succeed ample opportunities must be created. Higher study in this particular subject will open the door of opportunities for young human resources. In our classical and conventional higher studies augmented reality or this level of technological advancements are still not introduced. Without proper knowledge youth are generally don’t take interest in these projects in fear of lack of opportunities in the future. If these were introduced in our higher studies then a lot of youth would’ve been interested and research works would’ve been done. Lack of opportunities in Bangladesh creating the problem for implementation of AR in healthcare sector. Guidance: Without expert human resource criteria proper guidance is missing in this sector because the policymakers are unaware of these opportunities. Expert people of this sector can influence and drive others to the right way to succeed. Lack of guidance is also one of the biggest problems for implementation. Technological unawareness: Technological unawareness amongst youth is also a major problem for implementation of our project. Technological awareness creates interest and encourages entrepreneurships which ultimately comes under government knowledge and also help creating a batch of human resource who can guide the way. There is a lack of technological awareness in Bangladesh which is also a major problem for implementation of this project. Approaches to gain our objective We discussed the problems for implementation of our project and we are suggesting some approaches to gain our objective below: Feasibility study: first we need to study the feasibility of our project in the healthcare sector. Healthcare sector is a vast field so we need to find out first in what sector we can bring revolutionary changes and which sectors should be left alone for betterment of the mass because healthcare is a very sensitive sector for a nation and many lives can be at stake because of a small mistake. After the feasibility study we’ll know the most promising fields to work on to gain our objectives. Human resource: We’ll create a fresh batch of human resource from the local people with the help from local and foreign experts by using existing resources. Creation of a batch of human resource is a must because the success of the implementation depends on the heads behind the project. So we’ll create a fresh batch of human resource to formulate our plans. Interest of Authorities: Gathering interest of government will lead to private investment and foreign investment so this is a must for our project. We have to get connected to the proper authorities of government to gather interest. Government interest and legalization will set the road for this project to succeed and help the mass to a broader extent. We need to gather interest from proper authorities of the government and government involvement will encourage the private investors and financiers to have more confidence in this project. Opportunities: We’ll try to introduce it to our conventional higher studies for the youth to have the ample opportunities to know and research about augmented reality. Private sector interest will create corporate posts for this sector and this will intrigue the youth because demand creates its own supply chain. Opportunities will encourage the human resource to actually gain the potential to help this project to its expected platform. Commercial feasibility: If we intend to implement our project in 3 rd world countries like Bangladesh then we have to think about its commercial feasibility and also private investors won’t have the urge if there’s no opportunity for profit maximization. So, figuring out the commercial side of this project is a must. If we have to make sure the efficiency and effectiveness going parallel with the affordability. 3 rd world countries are either poor or developing. So, these countries will have to come up with the cost because the amount of resource is limited and the demand is ever rising. Affordability is a big question in case of taking it to public. Revenue earning and giving the expected service must be balanced so we have to study the commercial feasibility to make the both ends meet and without compromising any aspects of safety and well-being. Efficiency and effectiveness won’t do the work if the whole cost of the service goes beyond the affordability of the general mass. The purpose of the project is to develop the healthcare sector not to have some fascinating technological advancement which will show us the dream of better future but stays like a dream actually. Planned use of resources: Developing countries like Bangladesh fight everyday with the demand because of inadequate amount of resources available. We have to manage our limited resources in a way that it serves its purposes without creating pressure on the supply chain. We plan to help as much people as we have with our project so the management has to be very sophisticated and efficient in order to make it a success. All sorts of resources will be managed properly to make the project happen and help the general mass with the satisfaction of private sector. Startups: In any sector startups pave the path for a new technology. Infrastructure development to public-private investment everything is related to startup outcomes. We will encourage startups in this technology with the help of government and private firms to achieve a minimum level of experience to make things go right. Proper nurture of startups will both gather the interests of policymakers and big corporations. So, we’ll promote startups. Summary of the report In this project we have first identified the problems of bringing AR based technologies in our healthcare sector and we have shown how we can achieve our objective. Government influence is very important for something new entering the market as well as the private initiatives. We want a public private partnership as well as research firms including universities to achieve our goal. Through these approaches we hope AR will bring revolutionary changes in healthcare.