Axial and Appendicular Skeleton

AXIAL & APPENDICULAR SKELETON. The complex external and internal Structure of our body constitute the Skeleton The Skeleton which is extennal is known as exoskele and the endoskeleton consists of pants which ane thore hand present inside the body of animal. Functions of skeleton! ton 12 The Main function of skeleton is to give suppont of the body! 22 It protect the bidy 3= It provide attachment for the Muscles. 4= It helps in Movement of animals. 5 It fonum a typical shape of animal. 6 = Blood cells ane produced by Bane Mannow. 1 Bone Maintain the of the blood phosphorum and calcium level based on position of skeleton of the bidy the endoskeleton is divided into two pants. 1) Axial skeleton 1) Appendiculan skeleton. 1) Axial skeleton! →The Median longitudinal axis of the body constitute the Axial skeleton. It includes Skull, Ventebral column, Stennum & nibs. of includes 80 bones which ane as- a) Skull Skeleton of head is called skull. upon upper end following pants. It rests of Vertebral column. It cousints I i. Bone & cranium eranium ane, 1. frontal bone 1. occipetal bone ر is formed of 2. parietal bone 8 banes 2 temponal bone." 11-sphenoid bone and 1-ethmoid bone. ii: Ear ossicles! They ane There are one Malleus 6 ean ossicless in each ean. incus and stapes. iii: Hyoid Bene: 1-in numbere protection to the throat. •It provides support and Bone of face! There are Skeleton of the Face They 2- Nas al bones 12 lacnimal kone 2-infenion nasal conchae 14-bones which forms the 2. Zygotic bone, 2-Maxill 1- Vomer 1. Mandible. 12. palatine bone b) Vertebral column! 71 CM long The ventebral column is about It lies in the Mid dorgal line of the neck and trunk. It is made up of 33 vente brae ane grouped into 5 groups. The vertebra iser cenvical Vertebrae: 7 in no. present in neck. Ist is called Atlas and 2nd is axis. ii: Thoracic Ventebrae 12. in no. present in chest. Lumban Vertebrae: 5. in no. present in abdomen. iv= Sachum 5 in no. and fused in the adult formin One called Sacпит. coecyx: 4 in no. and fused to form a curved trian gal an bone called coccyx. The Ventebral formula of human C7 T12 L5 (5) (4) c) Sternum? the cheat. It is a hat bene which is pregent in It is about 15 cm long. It consints Manubrium in the I three pants. The Manu uppermost pant which has anticulan facets laterally fon articulation with the clavicle The body in the Middle part anticute with ribs and xiphrid process is the tip of the bone. d) Ribs: There are thoracic cage. 12- pains which teams the The ist T.paires cane called true ribs. 8th, ath and loth pains of ribs are called false niby The lost 2-paires of ribs became the in anterion ends. either the Stennum Appendicular skeleton! cane called floating nibs. are not attached to + The bones that supports the appendages of the Vente brates constitute the appendiculan Skeleton." → et includes 126 bones. → It consists of the bones & pectored gindle, the upper limb the pelvic girdle and the lower limbs. Bones & pectoral girdle: The pectoral on shoulders gindle consists of the Scapulae and clavicles Bones of Uppen limbs: It consists of wrist bone and Hand. Humerus, Radius zvlna → The wrist congigts of eight bo campal bones. → The bones that form the palm are called Metacarpals which constitute 5 bones. → phalanges ane the bones of the Fingers & thumb constitute 14 bones,