Introduction To Statistics - Data Classification

Qualitative vs. Quantitative Data Qualitative data consist of labels or descriptions of traits. (words, qualities) e.g., eye colors, countries, book categories · · · Quantitative data consist of counts or measurements.(numbers, quantities) Chapter 1 Introduction to statistics 1.2 Data Classification e.g., heights, lengths, test scores, ages, prices · · · ( Continuous Data Quantitative data Discrete Data DEFINITION • Continuous data can take on any value in an interval and are usually measurements. e.g., heights of students at Samford, 100-meter dash time • Discrete data can take on only particular values and are usually counts. e.g., number of students in MA210, number of cars sold at one dealership Ex:Classify data as qualitative or quantitative, and continuous, discrete, or neither. a. Paint colors in a home improvement store. H5: Religious affiliations are an example of which type of data? Discrete Neither Continuous Levels of Measurement b. Rankings of the most popular movies for the season Nominal, c. Temperatures in Fahrenheit of cities in Alabama d. Numbers of houses in various neighborhoods in a city H1: Letter grades on a math exam are an example of which type of data?  Inferential  Qualitative  Parameter Ordinal, Interval, Ratio Nominal level: Qualitative data consisting of labels or names. Ordinal level: Qualitative data that can be arranged in a meaningful order, but calculations such as addition or division do not make sense. Ex: Determine whether the data are nominal or ordinal. a. The seat numbers on your concert tickets, such as A23 and A24.  Quantitative b. Favorite pizza toppings of students in a statistics class . H2: Widths of the doors in a restaurant are an example of which type of data? Parameter Qualitative Quantitative Inferential Interval level: Quantitative data that can be arranged in a meaningful order, and differences between data entries are meaningful. The levels of measurement are like a staircase. You should try to ”walk up” as many stairs as possible for each data set. Ratio level: Quantitative data that can be ordered, differences between data entries are meaningful, and the zero point indicates the absence of something. Ex: Indicate the level of measurement for the data set described. a. Boiling temperatures for various candies. b. Finishing times for runners in the Labor Day 10K race. Indicate the level of measurement for the data set described. H6: Prices of a particular jacket on various online retailer websites. Interval Nominal Ordinal Ratio For example, letter grades on a test categorize students’ performances, thus they satisfy nominal data. It can also has meaningful order, so these data satisfy ordinal data as well. However, can it be at the interval level? Thus the highest level of measurement obtainable for letter grades is level. MEMORY (1) Qualitative Data: H7: Temperature (in degrees Fahrenheit) of apartment thermostats in an apartment complex. Ordinal Nominal Ratio Interval Nominal , names, Ordinal , order Quantitative Data: Interval , 0 is a placeholder, Ratio , 0 means the absence of something (2) H10: Classify the following data. The heights of 48 randomly selected female students. Are these data qualitative or quantitative? Qualitative  Quantitative Are these data discrete or continuous? Discrete Continuous Neither What is the highest level of measurement the data possesses? Nominal Ordinal Interval Ratio