Practice Problems Chapter 6 Answer Key

Practice problems Chapter 6 Name___________________________________ MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1) Which one of the following is correct? A) ν ÷ λ = c B) ν = cλ 1) C) νλ = c D) λ = c ν E) ν + λ = c 2) The photoelectric effect is __________. A) a relativistic effect B) the ejection of electrons by a metal when struck with light of sufficient energy C) the darkening of photographic film when exposed to an electric field D) the production of current by silicon solar cells when exposed to sunlight E) the total reflection of light by metals giving them their typical luster 2) 3) Low-frequency electromagnetic fields with potential biological effects have frequencies of __________ Hz. A) 100-10,000 B) 1-1000 C) 10-5 -10-9 3) D) 10-3 -10-5 E) 400-700 4) In the Bohr model of the atom, __________. A) electron paths are controlled by probability B) electrons travel in circular paths called orbitals C) electrons can have any energy D) electron energies are quantized E) both A and C 4) 5) According to the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, it is impossible to know precisely both the position and the __________ of an electron. A) mass B) shape C) momentum D) velocity E) color 5) 6) The de Broglie wavelength of a __________ will have the shortest wavelength when traveling at 30 cm/s. A) car B) planet C) hydrogen atom D) uranium atom E) marble 6) 1 7) The uncertainty principle states that __________. A) it is impossible to know the exact position and momentum of an electron B) there can only be one uncertain digit in a reported number C) it is impossible to know anything with certainty D) matter and energy are really the same thing E) it is impossible to know how many electrons there are in an atom 7) 8) All of the orbitals in a given electron shell have the same value of the __________ quantum number. A) azimuthal B) psi C) principal D) magnetic E) spin 8) 9) All of the orbitals in a given subshell have the same value of the __________ quantum number. A) azimuthal B) magnetic C) principal D) A and B E) B and C 9) 10) Which one of the following is not a valid value for the magnetic quantum number of an electron in a 5d subshell? A) 2 B) 1 C) 0 D) 3 E) -1 10) 11) Which of the subshells below do not exist due to the constraints upon the azimuthal quantum number? A) 2s B) 2p C) 2d D) all of the above E) none of the above 11) 12) Which of the subshells below do not exist due to the constraints upon the azimuthal quantum number? A) 4f B) 4p C) 4d D) 4s E) none of the above 12) 13) An electron cannot have the quantum numbers n = __________, l = __________, m l = __________. 13) A) 1, 1, 1 B) 2, 0, 0 C) 3, 2, 1 D) 2, 1, -1 E) 3, 1, -1 14) An electron cannot have the quantum numbers n = __________, l = __________, m l = __________. A) 1, 0, 0 B) 3, 2, 1 C) 3, 2, 3 15) Which one of the following is an incorrect subshell notation? A) 4f B) 3d C) 2p 16) Which one of the following is an incorrect orbital notation? A) 3py B) 4s C) 4dxy D) 6, 1, 0 E) 3, 2, -2 D) 2d E) 3s 15) 16) D) 3f 17) Which quantum number determines the energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom? A) l B) n C) E D) m l 2 14) E) 2s 17) E) n and l 18) Which one of the quantum numbers does not result from the solution of the Schroedinger equation? A) azimuthal B) spin C) principal D) angular momentum E) magnetic 18) 19) Which quantum numbers must be the same for the orbitals that they designate to be degenerate in a one-electron system (such as hydrogen)? A) n, l, and m l 19) B) n only C) l and m l D) m l only E) n and l only 20) Which one of the following represents an acceptable set of quantum numbers for an electron in an atom? (arranged as n, l, m l, and m s) 20) A) 5, 4,- 5, 1/2 B) 3, 3, 3, -1/2 C) 2, 2, -1, -1/2 D) 3, 3, 3, 1/2 E) 1, 0, 0, 1/2 21) Which one of the following represents an acceptable possible set of quantum numbers (in the order n, l, m l, m s) for an electron in an atom? 21) A) 2, 2, 0, 1/2 B) 2, 0, 1, -1/2 C) 2, 0, 2, +1/2 D) 2, 1, 0, 0 E) 2, 1, -1, 1/2 22) Which one of the following represents an impossible set of quantum numbers for an electron in an atom? (arranged as n, l, m l, and m s) A) 2, 1, -1, -1/2 B) 5, 4, -3, -1/2 C) 5, 4, - 3, 1/2 D) 1, 0, 0, 1/2 E) 3, 3, 3, 1/2 3 22) 23) Which electron configuration represents a violation of the Pauli exclusion principle? A) 23) B) C) D) E) 24) Which electron configuration represents a violation of the Pauli exclusion principle? A) B) C) D) E) 4 24) 25) Which electron configuration represents a violation of the Pauli exclusion principle? A) 25) B) C) D) E) 26) In a px orbital, the subscript x denotes the __________ of the electron. 26) A) spin of the electrons B) probability of the shell C) size of the orbital D) energy E) axis along which the orbital is aligned 27) The __________ orbital is degenerate with 5py in a many-electron atom. A) 5d2 B) 4py C) 5px D) 5dxy 27) E) 5s 28) Which set of three quantum numbers (n, l, m l) corresponds to a 3d orbital? A) 3, 3, 2 B) 3, 2, 2 C) 3, 2, 3 D) 2, 3, 3 28) E) 2, 1, 0 29) At maximum, an f-subshell can hold __________ electrons, a d-subshell can hold __________ electrons, and a p-subshell can hold __________ electrons. A) 14, 8, 2 B) 2, 6, 10 C) 2, 8, 18 D) 14, 10, 6 E) 2, 12, 21 29) 30) Which one of the following orbitals can hold two electrons? A) 3s B) 2px 30) C) 4dxy D) all of the above E) none of the above 5 31) In which orbital does an electron in a phosphorus atom experience the greatest effective nuclear charge? A) 1s B) 2s C) 2p D) 3s E) 3p 31) 32) Which of the following is a valid set of four quantum numbers? (n, l, m l, m s) 32) A) 2, 1, +2, +1/2 B) 2, 1, 0, +1/2 C) 1, 1, 0, -1/2 D) 2, 2, 1, -1/2 E) 1, 0, 1, +1/2 33) Which of the following is not a valid set of four quantum numbers? (n, l, m l, m s) 33) A) 3, 1, -1, -1/2 B) 2, 0, 0, +1/2 C) 1, 1, 0, +1/2 D) 2, 1, 0, -1/2 E) 1, 0, 0, +1/2 34) Which quantum numbers must be the same for the orbitals that they designate to be degenerate in a many-electron system? A) m s only 34) B) n, l, and m l C) n and l only D) n only E) n, l, m l, and m s 35) Which one of the following is the correct electron configuration for a ground-state nitrogen atom? A) B) C) D) E) None of the above is correct. 6 35) 36) Which electron configuration denotes an atom in its ground state? A) 36) B) C) D) E) 37) The ground-state electron configuration of the element __________ is [Kr]5s1 4d5 . A) Cr B) Tc C) Mo D) Mn E) Nb 38) The ground-state electron configuration of __________ is [Ar]4s13d5 . A) Mn B) V C) Fe D) Cr E) K 39) The ground state electron configuration of Fe is __________. A) 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p6 3d6 4s2 37) 38) 39) B) 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p6 4s24d6 C) 1s2 2s23s2 3p10 D) 1s2 2s23s2 3p63d6 E) 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p6 4s2 40) The ground state electron configuration of Ga is __________. A) 1s2 2s23s2 3p63d104s2 4p1 B) 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p6 4s24d104p1 C) 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p6 3d104s2 4d1 D) [Ar]4s2 3d11 E) 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p6 3d104s2 4p1 7 40) 41) Which one of the following configurations depicts an excited oxygen atom? A) 1s2 2s22p2 3s2 41) B) 1s2 2s22p2 C) [He]2s2 2p4 D) 1s2 2s22p4 E) 1s2 2s22p1 42) Which one of the following configurations depicts an excited carbon atom? A) 1s2 2s22p1 3s1 42) B) 1s2 2s22p1 C) 1s2 2s22p3 D) 1s2 2s22p2 E) 1s2 2s23s1 43) Which electron configuration represents a violation of Hund's rule for an atom in its ground state? A) B) C) D) E) 8 43) 44) Which electron configuration represents a violation of Hund's rule for an atom in its ground state? A) B) C) D) E) 9 44) 45) Which electron configuration represents a violation of Hund's rule for an atom in its ground state? A) 45) B) C) D) E) 46) Which of the following elements has a ground-state electron configuration different from the predicted one? A) Ca B) Cu C) Xe D) Cl E) Ti 46) 47) Which two elements have the same ground-state electron configuration? A) Cu and Ag B) Fe and Cu C) Cl and Ar D) Pd and Pt E) No two elements have the same ground-state electron configuration. 47) 48) The valence shell of the element X contains 2 electrons in a 5s subshell. Below that shell, element X has a partially filled 4d subshell. What type of element is X? A) alkali metal B) main group element C) transition metal D) halogen E) chalcogen 48) 10