Diabetic Med Cards

ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE: Medication STUDENT NAME: Tavany Urena DATE: 01/17/24 MEDICATION CLASS: Anti-diabetic - Sulfonylurea CATEGORY CLASS: PURPOSE OF MEDICATION Expected Pharmacological Action: Stimulates insulin release from beta cells in pancreas. Therapeutic Use: Treat high blood sugar levels Complications: abnormal gait, anxiety, headache, vertigo, arrhythmias, edema, tinnitus, blurred vision, hypoglycemia, polyuria, hemolytic anemia, pancytopenia, leg cramps, eczema, urticaria, diarrhea, nausea, hepatitis, heartburn Medication Administration: Oral: ER, SR, Tablets, Capsules, Tablets ER: Tab: Initial 5mg Dosage increased as needed based on pts glucose response Contraindications/Precautions: Hypersensitivity to glipizide, sulfonylureas; Ketoacidosis Nursing Interventions: Check blood glucose levels 3x a day. Monitor CBC in pt with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency Interactions: alcohol use: altered blood glucose control oral anticoagulants, MAO inhibitors, NSAIDs: increases risk of hypoglycemia Client Education: advise pt to not skip dose. encourage pt to carry hard candy to treat mild hypoglycemia. urge pts to carry identification indicating pt has diabetes. Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness: Lower blood glucose levels. Hyperglycemia under control. ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURE A7 ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE: Medication STUDENT NAME Tavany Urena 01/17/24 MEDICATION Lispro-insulin CATEGORY CLASS, hormones. REVIEW MODULE CHAPTER, PURPOSE OF MEDICATION Expected Pharmacological Action Lowers blood glucose by: Stimulating glucose uptake in Skeletal muscle and fat, inhibiting (hepatic glucose production Therapeutic Use Control hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. Complications Hypoglycemia, lipodystrophy, pruritus, Erythema, swelling, allergic reactions Including Anaphylaxis Medication Administration Insulin . Onset within 15 min. peak 1-2 hrs, duration 3-4 hr. Contraindications/Precautions hypoglycemia, Allergy or hypersensitivity to Lispro Nursing Interventions Do not confuse Humalog with humulin. Short duration of action. requires the use of a longer acting insulin, insulin Infusion pump or in combination with oral sulfonurea agents. Interactions Beta blockers .clonidine, and reserpine may mask. some of the signs & symptoms Corticosteroids, of hypoglycemia. Corticos Supplements, estrogens, niacin and (rifampin may increase insulin requirements Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness Control of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients without the appearance of hypoglycemic, or hyperglycemic copisodes Client Education Demonstrate technique for mixing insulins by drawing up insulin lispro first and rolling intermecliate acting insulin insu vial between palms to mas rather than shaking (may cause In acurrate dose) ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURE A7 ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE: Medication STUDENT NAME: Tavany Urena DATE: 01/17/24 MEDICATION: Insulin - Regular CATEGORY CLASS: Antidiabetic - Pancreatic PURPOSE OF MEDICATION Expected Pharmacological Action: Stimulates lipoprotein lipase to clear chyomicrons & triglycerides away from the circulation & then hydrolyzes them, decreasing lipolysis & increasing TG storage in fat metabolism. Therapeutic Use: Treat Type 1 & Type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, helps control blood glucose levels. Complications: Hypoglycemia, Hypokalemia, Lipohypertrophy, Weight gain, Constipation, shortness of breath Medication Administration: Subcutaneously: 30-40 mins before each meal. IV infusion. Inhaled powder form. Contraindications/Precautions: Hypersensitivity to regular insulin or any of its components. Chronic lung disease (asthma, COPD). Nursing Interventions: Educate pt on how to inject insulin. Monitor pt closely for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia. Interactions: ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, diuretics, Sulfonamide antibiotics, alcohol use Client Education: Do not use if low blood sugar. Inform physician of kidney, liver disease & thyroid problems. Educate on alcohol use. Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness: Control of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients w/o the appearance of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemic episodes. ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURE A7 **ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE: Medication** **STUDENT NAME:** Tavany Urena **DATE:** 01/17/24 **MEDICATION:** NPH Isophane Insulin (Humulin N, Novolin N) **CATEGORY CLASS:** Antidiabetic **PURPOSE OF MEDICATION** **Expected Pharmacological Action:** Promotes cellular uptake of glucose (decreases blood glucose levels). Converts glucose into glycogen & promotes energy storage in muscles. **Therapeutic Use:** Control hyperglycemia in diabetic patients. **Complications:** Hypoglycemia, Hypokalemia, Lipohypertrophy **Medication Administration:** Subcutaneous Dose depends on blood glucose, response and many other factors. 0.5-1 unit total insulin/kg/day. **Contraindications/Precautions:** hypoglycemia, allergy, or hypersensitivity to a particular type of insulin or any insulin preservative. Use of other drugs may increase insulin requirements, renal/hepatic impairments may decrease insulin requirements. **Nursing Interventions:** - Check insulin type, dose & expiration date with another nurse. - Use only insulin syringes. - NPH insulin should not be used in the management of ketoacidosis. - Administer subQ NPH insulin within 30-40 mins before meal. **Interactions:** Sulfonylureas, meglitinides, beta blockers and alcohol have additive hypoglycemic effects with concurrent use.   Thiazide diuretics and glucocorticoids can raise blood glucose   levels. **Client Education:** Proper use of syringes & vials w/proper storage Wear medical alert bracelet Testing serum glucose & ketones is important **Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness:** Control of blood glucose levels in diabetic patients w/o the appearance of hypoglycemic or hyperglycemic episodes. **ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES** **THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURE** A7 **ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATE: Medication** **STUDENT NAME:** Tavany Urena **DATE:** 01/17/24 **MEDICATION:** Metformin (Riomet, Fortamet) **CATEGORY CLASS:** Antidiabetic - Biguanide **PURPOSE OF MEDICATION** **Expected Pharmacological Action:** Promotes storage of excess glucose as glycogen in the liver, which reduces glucose production. **Therapeutic Use:** Treat high blood sugar levels that are caused by a type of diabetes mellitus. **Complications:** CNS: Headaches, EENT: Metallic taste GI: anorexia, diarrhea, hepatic injury, nausea Hem: Aplastic anemia, thrombocytopenia Skin: rash, photosensitivity Other: weight loss, Vit B12 deficiency, lactic acidosis. **Contraindications/Precautions:** Acute or Chronic metabolic acidosis, including diabetic ketoacidosis with or without coma; hypersensitivity to metformin or its components; severe renal disease. **Medication Administration:** Oral Solution, Tablets 500 mg x 2 daily 850 mg x 1 daily ER Tablets **Nursing Interventions:** - Not to be given to a pt. with severe renal impairment - give w/ food - monitor pt's glucose level **Interactions:** Drugs: Calcium channel blockers, oral contraceptives - Possibly reduced effectiveness of metformin resulting in hyperglycemia Insulin: Increased risk of hypoglycemia Alcohol use: Increased risk of hypoglycemia Lactate formation. **Client Education:** - Take drug as prescribed - Check blood glucose regularly - Follow diet and exercise regularly - Report abnormal blood glucose levels **Evaluation of Medication Effectiveness:** Reduced diabetes. Regulate glucose. **ACTIVE LEARNING TEMPLATES** **THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURE** A7