Energy Lab 2018

Energy Lab £-0 I *6 Name: Objective: Using two phet simulators (skate park and pendulum lab), investigate the relationship between netic energy, potential energy, thermal energy, and total mechanical energy within a system. Part 1 : Energy skate park : 1 . Do a google search for energy skate park basics 2. Click “intro” and take some time to play with the skater and her track. Click the pie chart and bar graph buttons to display these. 3. What is the relationship between the variables: a ) If you increase the skater’s height the total energy of the system b) If you increase the skater’s mass the total energy of the system c) The skater’s height and the mass of the skater? | ^of . ^ d ) The kinetic energy and potential energy of the system? COmD I \joV\e \A t . ?£ \j \ 4. How does the total energy of the system change as the skater moves? T5tCl ( fZ * ^ e Cx.\AoXV\ O cc versa f M J — C dO^SH’ T 5. Click the “ friction” button at the bottom of the page. Set the skater to moving again in a half pipe. 6. Now that there is friction in the system, how does the total energy of the system change? How does the friction impact the kinetic and potential energy in the system? V P6 V Tcrtztl £ A*> thermal T 7. Click on “playground” at the bottom of the page. Build a custom skate track for your skater and sketch it below. Label the points at which the skater has the most KE, the most PE, and equal KE/PE. How does the shape of the track you built impact the relationships between kinetic, potential thermal and total energy in the -fcrtai v . - KS + PE + Thermal E system? * Important formulas: KE = ± mv ' Mass of skater ( m ) 20. kg height ( h ) 14 m 60. kg 0.20 kg 0.0 m 10 k J 6.0 m 18 m . 5.0 kg 11 PE — High W — AE velocity ( v ) 12 m /s 1 , 0 r*\ IS 0.0 m/s 5.0 m/s B. O to / $ Kinetic Energy ( KE ) Potential Energy ( PE ) KO D z 3 <& DO 5 03 33 "T 1470 J * O3 130 T 600. J 850 J 160 J 1. At the highest point kinetic energy 3. 4. kinetic energy is zero / 0 ,0 M) (?7 “ PfcfWcx - £E - t0 SejXv* ) ~ - SWA 2. Click “lab” button and spend a bit of time playing with the simulator. Make sure to open the energy graph and to click the “velocity” and “acceleration” buttons in the top left. 3. Like you did for the energy skate park portion, explain the relationship between kinetic energy , potential energy, thermal energy, and total energy of the pendulum . Are these relationships different for the pendulum than they were for the skater? Explain. TTo ta I E - L-E + Pb + TheryV cU As £ -t —3 P£ ' ' ? 4. Change the length of the rope. Make it both longer, then shorter. the swing height of the pendulum a) If you increase the rope length - .Wtfi -Tt 1 - fit + the period (time of one full swing) of the pendulum b) If you increase the rope length C§) If you increase the rope length the total energy of the pendulum 5. Change the mass of the pendulum. Make it both heavier, then lighter. the swing height (iogSlA * a) If you increase the mass of the pendulum , ^ fcA T l jfcVK * ' b) If you increase the mass of the pendulum the period ( time of one full swing)f )|DCSn £ CVXXYV L c) If you increase the mass of the pendulum the total energy of the pendulum . ^ 6. Change the gravity of the system . Make it less ( moon ), then more (Jupiter), a) If you increase the gravity the swing height of the pendulum ~W .Sf \ c) If you increase the gravity ( br the period (time of one full swing ) 4r b) If you increase the gravity -^ the total energy of the pendulum 7. How does addins friction to the system affect the above situations? fnc-Aoi c*oesn‘A ^ E T oS “ CVNCIKVJC -tPve VD te’ l E ' t iX-Le lowCnincs U ' U Ad . v? simulators, answer the foilowing: Conclusion: Using your experiences with the 1 . Explain the concept of kinetic energy. What gives an object more or less KE? (1 k V £ i* D £ mcrhbkv. 2. Explain the concept of potential energy. What gives an object more or less PE? ^ 6 - ^ e G frov\ po rhov of ct pasrtK anecG pG ~ ?£ is ^ ^ ^ 3. In your own words, explain the Law of Conservation of Energy (f 6 cawcAr br Cc-eoAeA D* A -? & £ n> ueA . UMVim -fVv* 1 or \ e iM \ \ v fv ac ^ “