Chapter 1: The Law And Mortality

ChapterThe Lowand MortalityGonsists OF rules OF conduct established by the government OF a sociely 10 mainiain and JusticeDefines the duties and rights OF the peopleprovides a way 10 protect the people by enforcing these rights and dutiesA means OF and managementvalves that govern the dif FFerence between right and wrong and good and evilserves as a guide FOR those bodies that make interpret and enforce the law.values and EthicsEthicsthe atternot 10 develod 0 means at determining what Fundamental values really are and and accoving rules thatenforce those valuesNatural 10Wsees law as originating From some objective superior force, that stands quiside the everyday experience OF most peopleThere exisis an unbreakable link joining morality to the law in a Fundamena wayPositive law *Legal theory that says not ine law originates From on outside source not has emerged from weren societyPOSITIVE low TheoryHuman decency will unimally trumph over human cruelly giving rise 10 just and moral society that will eventuallyabolish the worst sins 01 humanitynonjudgmentalismResults From a good-natured attempt 10 understand anginer person's benaviororiginales in a culure inal wants tolerance 10 be one Of us highes virtues Problems withotten acgenerates into the untomerance OF wase who recuse 10 tolerate the behavior in questionThe Expression 01 nonjuktomeraquism IS illogical and self contracticiory10 avoid being must be morally neutral on all ippes OF venar 101Moral nenjudgmentanism IS a suppery shoeEthical Decision Makingsome people say that they annot think about ethics but instead act insunctively when raced win a moral problemomers say that they Just ao what they "believe" is rightin3SHN oners say that they FOLLOW the rules they learned in school in their place of worship or in that Family seeingsome processions businesses and organizations develop guidelines usually called rules OF conduct or cannons or protes sionaresponsibilityEthical Theories15%HIG that right and wrong are measured by the obligations imposed on each individual by an impried agreement among all inavidualswithin a particular SOCIAL systemShortcomings OF social contract thics *FII the social contract 19 work, most people must adhere 10 11 rules and those who donot mustibe punishedSOCIO contract ethics is descriptive rainer than perspectiveEthical TheoriesThe moranty OF an action IS determined by us ummate effectsGreates good For the greatest numbervumarianismone way 10 avoid mostakes that can result From an improper application OF underarianism 1510 FOILQUI these steps.1. the action 40 be evauged should be since in unemailance general terms2. Every person or class 01 people that will be affected by the action must be identified 3 Good and and consequences in relation to mose people arrected must be considered4 All avernaeves 10 the action Statea in SICD 1 must be considered5 once step 4 has been carried out a conclusion must be reached*Shortcomings 01 ummanonism *Failure to produce consistent moral judgmentsDevelopment OF a commonly understood definition OF good*Linical TheoriesEthical values can be determined by a proper application OF human casonShould establish universal rules OF behavior mal apply 10 all people at all timesALSO called objective CHICS%(* Shortgovmings OF Rational EinicsRemembrationThose that are Found in those indetermine or indisunct snadow areas associated with more uninormly accepted ug nas suchas the right 10 a safe and secure life*Ethics and the GovernmentThe government OF a nation has two objectives na simultaneously JUSHEY its power and enable the proper exercise 0} that powerTO Protect Its own experience10 Protect the lives nearn and well-being OF IFS own ChizensAGovernmental and EHICAL oyad *endmust be produced by individuals decouse.individuals can never carabielely Foresee "the ulumate ends" of their actionsindividuals must obey absolute moral precedis such as "um the other cheeck" despite the 10 Ct that the ultimate *consequences 01 those actions are unclear or uncomfortableto as the elhic 01 penevolence -remands that the moral actor.in this case 0 national leader, consider his responsibilities 10 those DEOPIE we devent on may reader for safery andsecuritysnor comings OF the unical DyadThe airtigum that leaders have executing me einic of responsibilityLeaders must adopt a a ereaching vision that measures what is best crizens in terms of what is DEST for on economicclapility OF me world*The threat OF Falled stateslosedAre those in winch the government nas completely collapsed or has become that 11 can longer provide sucience or securityFor lls own peoplesidesAre those in within the government suppresses its own people thus unviting a Future reyou that might designilized a regionThe Responsibility 40 DIDIECT (R2P)Declares nontine leadership 01 every nation has 0 deem duty 10 present us own people from Four major inteals genocide warcromes einnic cleansing and crimes against humanityEthics and Businessthe radional VIEW SOVS inal ourned corporations are cleared solely 12 make a profit FOR meir snotehandersThe Foremast JOB or any manager 15.10 maximize prosusReasons FOY Ethical Responsibilitycorporation offers unlied madelly 10 ownerscorporation IS considered an artificially created personcorporation con own property and bring lawsures 10 vingiophe us rightcorporate decision making clearly has on impact on more people than just the shareholders and the managersMany Stockholder groups should be taken into consider anon when corporate managers make decisionsAccepting social responsibility is in the long-term interest of the corporation *Efforts 10 promote social Responsibilitystatues now permit managers 10 consider FACIOTS other non DIOFII in making decisionsEconomic well-being OF the nation the state and the local communityinterests OF employees consumers and suppliersthe otherment OF the environment the economy and the overall SOCIAL SITU cture.The relationship between Law and Ethics *The law is needed because mough people know better they do not always Follow ethical principlesthical principles can tell us what is right but cannot stop us From doing wrongThe law can punish us IF we choose 10 do wrong.*and Legal AnaronyKropeikin and Jean Jacques RousseauBelieve that a time anareny now and again IS USCFUL despite the norrors that ouen result in succ of state our anywhen what emerges From that period of anarchy is a system b lessed by legal and cinical harmonyeinDoing one's duty in a cooperative and nonselfism way creates harmany in me society evokes thanks and appreciationFrom other members OF that society and gives each person a Feeling OF sell worn that goes way beyond anythingthat mere money can ao.X