Security Guard Training Notes Questions and Answers

Security Guard Training Notes – Learning Journal Introduction: Training Course Curriculum - It is a requirement to complete a total of 40 hours of security training in order to be eligible to apply for your security guard license. - Emergency Level First Aid is important to cover First Aid/ CPR are mandatory Practice Quiz 1: 1) What is the minimum number of hours of security training required to obtain a security guard course license? a) 15 b) 25 c) 40 d) 60 2) What is the level of First Aid and CPR training that security guards are required to complete? a) Standard Level b) Emergency Level Lesson 1: Introduction to the Security Industry The Private Security and Investigative Services Act, regulates the private security industry. Who Requires a Security Guard License? Individuals who patrol premises with intention to provide security Bodyguards, bouncers, concierge, security guards and loss prevention personnel Security guards provide/perform vital functions They protect property, people, and information They keep in mind the crime detection and deter efforts of law enforcement Most guards job is to act as a deterrent to crime Watch danger and report crimes, they encounter; they do not work as police officers or peace officers, they are n prevention business What is a Concierge? A keeper of the keys at public buildings, i.e. hotels Present friendly customer service attitude Control access points Assist in reporting hazards Serving as visual deterant for small incidents What is a Security Guard? Person who is paid to protect one’s property or people They are uniformed and act properly by maintaining a high visibility presence What is a Loss Prevention Guard? Officers who work covertly in retail locations to identify suspicious behavior Write down daily reports What is a Private Investigator? Private detective or inquiry agent; undertake law services Hired to provide: actions of a person, business of a person, or whereabouts of a person Practice Quiz 2: 1) The Private Security and Investigative Services Act, 2005 (PSISA) regulates the private security industry? a) True b) False 2) Who from the options below require a security license? (Select all that apply) a) Security Guard b) Private Investigator c) Bouncer d) Bodyguard e) Bartender 3) Security Guards protect which of the following? a) Information b) Property c) People d) Civil complaints 4) Security guards are also police officers. a) True b) False 5) A security guards job is to ________. (Select the options that apply) a) Detect crime b) Investigate Frauds c) Deter crime d) Report incidents General Duties and Responsibilities   Observe and report any unusual incidents and behavior   Keep good public relations   Control access points and use alarm systems  Find and report safety hazards Deter and detect crime Respond to emergencies Patrol and direct Traffic 2 Surveillance and Inspections Security Guards can closely monitor their assigned location with a surveillance method that is static, patrolled, visible or deterrent. - Security guards are required to patrols industrial and commercial premises to prevent and detect signs of intrusion, and to ensure security of doors, windows, fence, and gates. Enforcement and Emergencies Some things to consider for Enforcement: Use verbal warning: Warn the individual of rule infractions or violations. Apprehend or evict violators from premises: Use force only when necessary Some things to consider for Emergencies: - Directing the public to an area of safety - Contacting emergency responders - Attempting to determine the source of the problem Containing the threat Abuse of Power Imagined power can be dangerous Use carefully Security guards have limited powers they hold, apply under circumstances Practice Quiz 3: 1) Security guards can conduct surveillance from both, static or patrolled postings? a) True b) False 2) When conducting inspections and patrols of premises, security guards should ensure security of doors, windows, fences, and gates. a) True b) False 3) How can a security guard enforce the rules of an establishment? (Select all that apply) a) Verbal warning b) Apprehend or evict violators from premises c) Serve a summons on violators to attend court 4) Security guards are not policemen. Therefore, in the case of emergency, security guards are NOT permitted to direct people to safety nor determine the source of the emergency. a) True b) False Temper Guards are representing the client, and that you are expected to act in a professional manner Deal with situations carefully Careful of your surroundings Faith in your work Have faith in their superiors Must have faith in themselves 3 Practice Quiz 4: 1) Security guards are expected to act professionally? a) True b) False 2) Security guards should be to be fair and just in dealings with people in spite of their personal prejudice. a) True b) False Freedom of Religion Everyone has their own right to hold the religious belief of his/her choice without fear of discrimination or reprisal or interference Practice Quiz 5: 1) Which section in Canada’s constitution refers to Canadians rights of basic freedoms? a) Section 1 b) Section 2 c) Section 4 d) Section 12 2) All Canadians have freedom of: a) Gang association b) Peaceful assembly c) Criminal selection 3) The concept that everyone has the right to hold the religious belief of his/her choice without fear of discrimination, reprisal or interference is: a) Freedom of Discrimination b) Freedom of Religion c) Freedom of Reprisal Section 1: Introduction (15 Min Reading Material) The constitution act of 1982 set the charter of rights and freedoms in the constitution which is now considered the highest law in Canada. Canada now had the opportunity to govern its own control and not be governed over British laws. The charter of rights and freedoms lists mans different rights we as Canadians have such as fundamental freedoms, democratic rights, Equality rights, legal rights, and mobility rights. 4 Lesson 2: The Private Security and Investigative Services Act & Code of Conduct Section 2 – PSISA - Under this Act, new requirements for licensing, equipment, uniforms, vehicles, training and testing standards came were developed. - No person shall act as a private investigator or a security guard or hold himself or herself out as one, unless the person holds the appropriate License under the Act - Possess a clean criminal record 18 years or older Able to work in Canada Completed all training Criminal Record Check Individuals convicted of offences, as set out in the Criminal Record Regulation, will be prevented from obtaining a license unless a pardon has been granted Practice Quiz 6: 1) Which of the following new requirements came into existence under the PSISA? (Select all that apply) a) Licensing b) Height and weight requirements of guards c) Equipment d) Uniforms e) Training and Testing 2) No person shall act as a private investigator or security guard and hold himself or herself as one unless that person holds the appropriate License under the Act. a) True b) False 3) A clean criminal record is a requirement to apply for a Security Licence? a) True b) False Code of Conduct - Racism, discrimination and the use of unnecessary force will not be tolerated. Security Requirements - Comply with all federal, provincial and municipal laws void using excessive force Not be under the influence of alcohol or drugs while on duty A person acting as a Security Guard must be carrying a license on request at all times and must identify himself or herself as a security guard. Security Uniform Security guards must be familiar with the uniform regulation. Once a security guard has been issued his/her proper uniform, it is the guards responsibility to ensure that the full uniform is worn to the job site. A 5 contravention in uniform of this regulation could result in fines as well as suspension imposed on the security guard. Prohibited Terms - Your security guard license may be suspended for 3 months should you violate any provision of the Private Security and Investigative Services Act under the Code of Conduct. Practice Quiz 7: 1) Racism, discrimination and the use of unnecessary force cannot be regulated. a) True b) False 2) Security guards must __________. (Select all that apply) a) Comply with all federal, provincial and municipal laws b) Avoid using excessive force c) Not be under the influence of alcohol or drugs while on duty. 3) A conviction for breaching the Ministry Code of Conduct or any other provision of the Act could potentially expose one to imprisonment and/or fines. a) True b) False 4) A person acting as a Security Guard must be carrying a license and must identify himself/herself as a security guard upon request. a) True b) False Section 2: PSISA (30 Min Research &Assignment) During a club event, a security guard notices two gentleman getting into an altercation in the line up outside over cutting one another off in line. The officer is quick to notice the two individuals were getting much more aggressive as time went on. The security guard makes his way over to the two individuals and ensures the two individuals that they will both receive entrance into the club and that is if their actions do continue he will need to remove them from the line for the safety of the other individuals in line. Lesson 3: Basic Procedures - A security guard should always maintain a professional manner Security Procedures: Surveillance - This objective is typically achieved by conducting an in-person or remote surveillance of the physical environment. It is important to document any suspicious activity. Access Control Policies - Security guards may be required to observe and keep a record of individuals that enter and exit a site. Practice Quiz 8: 1) A security guard should always maintain a _______________ manner, and exhibit a positive attitude. 6 a) Distant b) Police Like c) Professional d) Aggressive 2) Security guards may be required to observe and keep a record of individuals that enter and exit a site. a) True b) False 3) Security guards are not expected to document in their notebook any suspicious activity. Security guards are only allowed to document in their notebook when an occurrence occurs. a) True b) False Types of Access Control - Minimum Access Control Medium Access Control Maximum Access Control Crowd Control - Assess the personal risk to the Security Guard in the event of break-out or uncontrolled crowd. Foot Patrol - High visibility - Security guards are not normally empowered to issue traffic violations under provincial legislation. However by municipal by-laws, security guards and security guard companies may acquire that provision Ability to access smaller spaces such as stairwell Traffic Violations Practice Quiz 10: 1) Which of the following are advantages of a foot patrol? a) Highly visible b) Knowledge of patterns and characteristics of an area may help anticipate an incident before it becomes more difficult to control c) Difficulty in carrying equipment such as reports, forms, and first-aid kits d) Ability to access smaller spaces such as stairwells 2) Security Guards can serve parking tickets if the security company they are representing applies for the proper license. a) True b) False Role of a Security Guard 7 - During the course of your career as a security guard, you will be responsible for a variety of duties. However, your main duties in all situations are to observe, deter, record and report. Observe, Deter, Record, Report - Although a Security Guards role may vary, one thing will never change. A security guard’s primary responsibility is to provide protection to personnel, property and information Practice Quiz 11: 1)A security guards response to a crime on the clients property will be predetermined by the client and security company. a) True b) False 2) Security Guards main duty in most situations is to observe, deter, record and report. a) True b) False 3) A security guards primary responsibility is to provide protection to personnel, property and information. a) True b) False Patrol Post - Static Site Patrol , a security guard is assigned to a specific site for protection, but will also be able to patrol around the property Orders - Standing Order Standing orders are instructions that are of permanent nature and apply to a specific site. Standing orders provide the Security Guard with direction regarding company policies - Post Orders The post order is a document that delegates the task of security from the property owner to the Security Guard. Practice Quiz 12: 1)Standing orders are instructions of permanent nature and apply to a specific site. They provide the Security Guard with direction regarding company policies. a) True b) False 8 2) Post order is a document that delegates the task of security from the property owner to the Security Guard. a) True b) False Alcohol - Effects: Addiction, dizziness, nausea, hangovers, slurred speech, disturbed sleep, impaired motor skills, violent behavior Amphetamines - Sings of Amphetamines Overdose: restlessness, tremors, rapid breathing, confusion, hallucinations, panic, aggressiveness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, an irregular heartbeat, and seizures (Excited Delirium) - Drug Type: Stimulant - Effects: Insomnia, anxiety, restlessness, irritability, increased body temperature. - Brand Names: Adderall, Desoxyn, Desoxyn Gradumet, Dexedrine, Dexedrine Spansule and DestroStat. - Street Drugs: MDMA, Ecstasy, Speed, Crystal, Ice (crystallized methamphetamine hydrochloride Cocaine - Drug Name: Cocaine (Coke, snow, nose candy, flake, blow, big C, lady, white, snowbirds) Drug Type: Stimulant Effects: Addiction, pupil dilation, elevated pressure and heart rate, increased respiratory rate, seizures, anxiety, restlessness, irritability, increased body temperature, violent behavior Practice Quiz 13: 1) Most individuals under the influence of alcohol will exhibit the effect of slurred speech and loss of fine motor skills. a) True b) False 2) Amphetamine overdose could result in a condition known as Excited Delirium. a) True b) False 3) Excessive use of cocaine could result in Aggressive Behavior. a) True b) False Section 3: Basic Security Procedures (30 Min Research & Assignment) 9 https://www.csoonline.com/article/3251714/authentication/what-is-access-control-5enforcement-challenges-security-professionals-need-to-know.html https://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/access-control https://www.getkisi.com/what-is-access-control Lesson 4: Report Writing - Security guards are required to complete written reports of occurrences, duties performed and comprehensive descriptions of their tasks/observances. Note Taking - The notebook is ultimately the property of the security guard’s employer. Therefore entries should be as legible as possible, with an emphasis on accurate spelling of names and locations. Make sure you write clearly, and use proper grammar. Occurrence Report - An occurrence report is a point-by-point narration by the security guard indicating what had happened in a given situation Use of Force Report - It is required that the Use of Force Report be completed by the security guard and his/her employer, in the event of physical force used by the security guard Security guards may also be required to fill out the following documents: - Incident reports - Use of Force Reports - Witness Statements Statements - Verbatim (word for word) transcription of the witness recollection of the event Practice Quiz 14: 1) The notebook is ultimately the property of the security guards employer? a) True b) False 2) It is required that the Use of Force Report be completed by the security guard and his/her employer, in the event of physical force used by the security guard. a) True b) False 3) The key purpose of taking a statement is to ensure an accurate record of the recollection of an event or occurrence by the witness. 10 a) True b) False Section 4: Report Writing (30 Min Research & Assignment) Who: Joe smith, Tracy What: male entered the bank wearing dark clothes and a hooded jacket covering his face. He demanded the teller to provide him the money that was in the drawer. The unknown man had indicated that he possessed a gun. The Teller Stacy gave the money at approximately 3:50 pm and the suspect ran off dropping his phone When suspect entered at 3:45 pm, left at 3:50 Where: TD Bank at 56 Jane street in Toronto Why: robber could have been in need of the money and was poor. The teller gave the money to keep herself safe Lesson 5: Health and Safety - It sets out the rights and duties of all parties in the workplace. It is mandatory that employers provide safety equipment and materials at the workplace as required under the Occupational Health and Safety Act. It is also required that safety measures and procedures prescribed in the Act are carried out in the workplace The Act came into force on October 1, 1979 The Right to Refuse Work: Workers have the right to refuse work that they believe may be dangerous to either their own health and safety or that of another worker The Right to Participate: The right to participate through membership on joint Health and Safety committees or through worker Health and Safety representatives. - The Right to Know: Workers have the right to know about any potential hazards to which they may be exposed. This means the right to be trained and to have information on machinery equipment, working conditions, processes and hazardous substances. - - The Right to Stop Work: In certain circumstances, certified members of a joint Health and Safety committee have the right to stop work that may be dangerous to any worker. WHIMS is a system which provides worker education and protection from chemicals used in the workplace. The Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) is a legislated system that provides information regarding the dangers and safe handling of materials used in the workplace. WHMIS Hazard Classification There are 6 Divisions of classification in WHMIS  Division 1: Flammable Gas   Division 2: Flammable Liquid   Division 4: Flammable Solid  Division 6: Reactive Flammable Material Division 3: Combustible Liquid Division 5: Flammable Aerosol 11 Class A – Compressed Gas - - Any material that is normally a gas, that is placed under pressure or chilled, and contained by a cylinder, is considered to be a compressed gas. These materials are dangerous because they are under pressure. If the cylinder is broken, the container can ‘rocket’ or ‘torpedo’ at great speeds and this is a danger to anyone standing too close. - If the cylinder is heated (by fire or rise in temperature), the gas may expand causing the cylinder to explode. Leaking cylinders are also a danger as the gas being released is very cold and may cause frostbite when in contact with it (for example: carbon dioxide or propane). - Common examples include: compressed air, carbon dioxide, propane, oxygen, and welding gases. - The image below is the hazardous symbol used for compressed gas Section 5: Health Safety (30 Min Research & Assignment) Two workplaces where a security guard would need to handle hazardous material could be a factory or warehouse type setting where materials are allocated that contain chemicals or other dangerous materials. Another workplace could be an energy plant. Lesson 6: Security Guards During an Emergency - A security guards role in certain emergency situations is determined by the employer or client, and should be documented before the security guard begins to work on site Arson - Arson occurs when someone starts a fire on purpose with the intent to damage property. There are several types of alarm systems you may encounter:  Infrared (most common) – Detects motion in large areas by picking up infrared (heat) changes   Physical Contact – Detects a door or window being opened when the two parts of a sensor are separated Photo-Electric beams – Detects a visible or infrared beam being broken, such as a garage door 12    Seismic – Detects physical shocks in certain frequency ranges, such as glass breaking   Microwave (rare) – Detects motion using bouncing microwaves  Trip Wires (rare) – Detects intrusion when someone physically bumps a tightly strung wire Vibration – Detects movement using very sensitive sensors mounted on fences or other structures Ultrasonic (rare) – Detects motion using bouncing sound waves we can’t hear Electric Fields (rare) – Detects presence using electrical wires, measuring changes in amplitude Duty of Care is defined as: “what a reasonable person should do in a particular situation, and be capable of in securing and protecting a crime scene until the appropriate personnel arrive.” The officer in charge of a crime scene should obtain the names, addresses and phone numbers of all people present on scene, including security guards, fire fighters and the Police Example of Duty of Care: While on patrol, you notice a puddle of water from a leak in the basement close to the electrical circuits. However, you do not report the issue to management. Shortly after, an electrical fire starts due to that water leak. Duty of care requires you to act on potential hazards that you witness during your shift, by informing management of the water leak immediately. Section 6: Emergency Response Preparation (30 Min Research & Assignment) An example of duty of care could be when a security guard sees a suspicious individual leaving a package in a crowded area. Lesson 7: Canadian Legal System        Legal Status of a Security Guard under the Criminal Code Canada The Code states that all private citizens who enforce the law are protected if: They act on reasonable grounds (unless ‘found committing the offense) Criminal Law The Court can be satisfied in one of two ways: The accused person admitting guilt (a guilty plea) Finding the person guilty after trial Preparing for court Refer to the judge as your honour Section 7: Canadian Legal System (30 Min Research & Assignment) An example of circumstantial evidence is: during a club event a security guard witnesses an altercation between 2 individuals from a distance. When a fight breaks out the officer that had witnessed the altercation therefore provides circumstantial evidence to authorities. Lesson 8: Legal Authorities  Employment Standard Act Subjects covered under the ESA include: 13  Posting Requirements Hours of work  Eating Periods  Rest Periods  Wages and overtime  Minimum Wage  Pregnancy and Parental Leave  Personal Emergency Leave  Family Medical Leave  Public Holidays  Vacation  Termination and Severance of Employment  Enforcement and compliance  Legal drinking Age is 19 Types of criminal offences  A crime occurs when an individual commits a criminal offence. A Criminal offences are grouped under 3 categories: o Indictable offences o Summary Conviction offences o Dual or hybrid offence Delivery to peace officer  Section 494 of the Criminal Code Canada grants certain powers to persons making arrests under indictable offences. Legal Arrest  The Charter of Rights and Freedoms (Right to an Arrested Individual)  Arbitrary Detention: A detention will be deemed arbitrary based on whether the cause of the detention can be articulated, the extent and duration of the detention, the conduct of the police officer.  Right to Counsel: After arrest, people have a right to a legal representation without delay and must be informed of that right upon arrest or detention. Section 8: Legal Authorities (30 Min Research & Assignment) An example of a security guard coming across someone who is trespassing could be when a security guard is patrolling a music event and finds an individual in a non authorized section of the concert centre. Section 9: Effective Communication (15 Min Research & Assignment) https://www.linguee.com/french-english/translation/commutation+radio.html https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5059965/?reload=true https://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/smt-gst.nsf/eng/sf01020.html A siituation where a security guard would need to change his communication skills is during an altercation where there must be self-confident communication to cooperate with the parties involved. That communication style will then later change to sound more thoughtful and calming as a security guard looks to reduce the situation. Section 10: Sensitivity Training (15 Min Research & Assignment) 14 An example of when a security guard would need to apply sensitivity training could be when dealing with theft where the person is African and the security officer must approach the suspect with sensitivity and in a way where the security guard is not targeting the person by their skin color or race. Lesson 11: Use of Force Theory Use of Force Model  By definition, Passive Resistance is the non-compliance to a lawful request through verbal defiance with little or no physical response  The five types of control in the National Use of Force Model are: o Officer Presence o Communication o Physical Control Skills (soft/hard) o Intermediate Weapons o Lethal Force  Excited Delirium  Excited delirium can be caused by a variety of factors (or a combination of them), such as: o Drug use o Mental illness o Brain injuries or tumors o Heart disease o High blood pressure o low blood sugar o Respiratory problems o Fever Section 11: Use of Force Cooperative: both socials agree to mutual work together Assaultive: damage someone’s body physically in a means to attack them rather then defend them Passive Resistant: submitting to an individual without physical resistance Active Resistant: exerting force from the body to go against a resisting force A security guard should be cooperative to ensure they do not escalate anything and to also deescalate any situation they are put into where force is needed. 15