University:
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Course:
NURS 211 | Anatomy and Physiology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

219

Pages:

2
Author:

Amelia R.

Amelia Roses (UNC2021-5678) Bachelor of Science in Nursing SHORT NOTES ON CELLS : THE BASIC UNIT OF LIFE IN NURSING EDUCATION Cells are the fundamental units of life found in all living organisms. In nursing education, a profound understanding of cells, including their structure and functions, as well as the organelles within them, is crucial as cells form tissues, organs, and systems essential for human body functions. • Cell Structure: a. Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane): Thin membrane surrounding the cell that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell. b. Cytoplasm: Fluid inside the cell containing various cellular structures. c. Cell Nucleus: Contains genetic material in the form of DNA and regulates cellular activities. d. Organelles: - Mitochondria: Produce energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. - Ribosomes: Sites of protein synthesis. - Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Lipid membrane folded into sheets, involved in protein synthesis (rough ER) and lipid metabolism (smooth ER). - Golgi Apparatus: Processes, modifies, and packages proteins for secretion or use within the cell. - Lysosomes: Contain hydrolytic enzymes for intracellular digestion. - Golgi Body: Site of organic compound breakdown and energy production. • Cell Functions: a. Reproduction: Cells replicate themselves through cell division. b. Metabolism: Chemical processes that occur within cells to sustain life. c. Defense: Certain cells in the body play a role in the immune system to fight infections. d. Communication: Cells communicate with each other through chemical signals to regulate body functions. e. Excretion: Cells eliminate waste and byproducts of metabolism. • Importance of Understanding Cells in Nursing Education: a. Anatomy and Physiology Understanding: In patient care, nurses need to understand the structure and function of cells to comprehend disease pathophysiology and healing processes. b. Therapy Management: Knowledge of cells helps nurses understand the use of medications and therapies affecting cells within the body. c. Prevention and Care: Understanding cells helps nurses provide appropriate care to prevent diseases and expedite patient recovery. d. Patient Education: Nurses can educate patients about the importance of healthy lifestyles that affect cellular health.