University:
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Course:
NURS 312 | Pharmacology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

458

Pages:

1
Author:

sonalhava9qv

LIDOCAINE LIDOCAINE INDICATIONS (TOPICAL & INJECTABLE) TOPICAL: INTRODUCTION Lidocaine is a tertiary amine antiarrhythmic drug, principally used for local and topical anesthetic. Lidocaine, the first amino amide-type local anesthetic (previously amino esters), was developed by Swedish scientist Nils Löfgren in 1943 under the name 'xylocaine'. His colleague Bengt Lundqvist carried out the initial injectable anesthetic tests on himself. It was launched in 1949. Classification: Amide Potency: 2 (vs. procaine) (procaine = 1) Toxicity: It is also used to reduce the discomfort and itching produced by ailments such as sunburn or other small burns, insect bites or stings, poison ivy, poison oak, poison sumac, and minor cuts or scratches. INJECTABLE: 2 (relative to procaine). Metabolism: Microsomal fixed-function oxidases in the liver convert Monoethylglyceine Xylidide is a potentially hazardous local anesthetic. Excretion: Via the kidneys; fewer than 10% unaltered, and more than 80% different metabolites. Vasodilating Properties: Significantly lower than those of procaine, but higher than those of prilocaine or mepivacaine. Xylocaine Dental (lidocaine HCl) Injection is used to provide local anesthetic using nerve block or infiltration procedures. Only established approaches for these treatments, as outlined in mainstream textbooks, are suggested. CONTRAINDICATIONS Lidocaine hydrochloride is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to local anesthetics of the amide type. Lidocaine is contraindicated in patients with StokesAdams syndrome, Wolff-Parkinson- White syndrome, or with severe degrees of sinoatrial, atrioventricular, or intraventricular block.