History of Criminological Theory In-class notes | Seton Hall University

University:
Seton Hall University
Course:
CRIM3550AA | History of Criminological Theory
Academic year:

2024
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12

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1
Author:

Andrea B.

October 17, 2023, History of Criminological Theory In-class notes Edwin Sutherland - - - - - The most famous criminologist in American history until the 80s White Collar Crime Coined the term white collar crime- before there was no such distinction. The study of the three C’s o Criminalization  Criminal law, how were these laws developed, were they found guilty, criminal law and its application etc. o Criminality  The study of criminal behavior- meaning potentially they could be convicted of a crime- how do they come to engage in violent behavior etc. o Corrections  What is done to the person after being convicted of a crime- different types of punishment. What makes a crime? o Harm and causation o Mens rea o Actus Reas Published the Principles of Criminology Differential association o Explains why some people become criminals, why some communities have higher crime rates, and why some people don’t, etc. o Most empirically supported theory today as to why people commit crimes. Born into a white protestant family in Nebraska. Spent most of his life in the Midwest. Got a job in NYC. PHD in sociology and political economy on U of Chicago Critical life experiences o Father was historian and president of a liberal arts college. o Sutherland’s family was of modest means. o He wanted a higher degree in religion- U of Chicago Up until his book, people thought everyone who was a criminal was a lower-class member. Basic ideas o White collar crime- it is important because you can no longer say the lower class is the most criminogenic- big corporations etc. o Normative conflict o Culture conflict- people from other cultures come to the native culture of another country and their values are pro-criminal.