Anatomy of Logical Reasoning

University:
University of Pittsburgh
Course:
LSAT | Prep Course
Academic year:

2024
Views:

461

Pages:

3
Author:

mns81

LSAT PREP Logical Reasoning Loophole Introduction Introduction to Logical Reasoning: The Anatomy of Logical Reasoning:  There are three parts to a logical reasoning question. o Stimulus:  Always read the stimulus first.  Always read the whole stimulus. Do NOT skim.  The answer to the question isn’t in the answer choices. It is in the stimulus.  There are four areas of stimuli.  Arguments  Premise sets  Debates  Paradoxes o Question Stem:  Take your stimulus-based strategy and apply it to the question types.  Every correct answer on the LSAT is either powerful or provable.  Are they seeking a powerful correct answer?  Are they seeking a provable correct answer?  The question stem lets you know what type of question you are dealing with. o The Answer Choices:  Trickiest part of the logical reasoning questions  Answer choices are crafted to destroy you and trick you.  You must read all the answer choices, they trick you into moving on. Types of Questions:  A lot of different types. o Assumptions: 64%  Ability to evaluate arguments.  Flaw in reasoning, what is wrong with the argument.  Types of Questions:  Flaw  Necessary Assumption  Weaken  Strengthen  Paradox  Sufficient Assumption  How we judge the argument is important.  Validity vs Soundness: o Validity:  Evidence proves conclusion.  100% guaranteed.  Going to accept it is true. o Soundness:  Evidence proves conclusion.  Evidence is true.  LSAT don’t care about soundness. o Function Family: 19%  Ability to abstract from reasoning to understand the role.  Types of Questions:  Mechanisms of the argument.  Main conclusion.  Role  Method  Parallel  Parallel flaw. o Inference Family: 24%  What we know, based off what we just read.  Types of Questions:  Most supported.  Must be true.  Paradox  Must be false.  Agree/disagree. Trap Answers:   Where the word IF is placed is important. It can change an answer completely. Types of trap answers: o Scope  Out of scope  Half scope o Logic:  Premise support  Reversal o Degree:  Too weak  Too strong. Reasoning Structures:  Conditional logic: o Links a relationship together.  A–B  B–C Therefore,  A–C o 54% of all questions on the LSAT logical reasoning section. Causal Logic: o Building a relationship between A and B on a deeper level.  A–B  B–C  Therefore,  A–C o 34% of all reasoning questions. Comparative: o Comparing two different things or items.  A

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