Organic Compounds and Isomerism

University:
Acadia University
Course:
BIOL 2853 | Physiology and Anatomy 1
Academic year:

2025
Views:

186

Pages:

6
Author:

Nabila N.

Organic Compounds and Isomerism Representation of Organic Molecules a) Electron dot formula b) Structural / Graphical Formula c) Condensed Formula d) Bondline Formula The IUPAC system recommended the following rules for naming organic compounds 1. The longest possible carbon chain is selected. 2 While numbering, the carbon bearing the substituent (locant) should get the lowest number. 3. If different substituents are present, they are named in alphabetical order. 2-Bromo-4-chloro-2,3,4- trimethylpentane 4. For the naming of alkene (C=C), the>C=C< should get the lowest number. 4-Methylpent-1-ene 4-Bromo-4,5,5- trimethylhex-2-ene 5. For naming of alkynes (-C = C-), the -C = C- should get the lowest no 4-Chloro-4,5,5- trimethylhexyne 6. If two or more triple bonds are present, they are named as diyne : or triyne. 7. If both C=C< and -C equiv C - are present in the same molecule, the former gets preference 8. If both CHO and C=O groups are present, the CHO group gets priority in naming and numbering. numbering. 3-Methyl-4-oxopentanal 2-Bromo-2-methyl-3-oxobutanal 9. Alcohols are named by replacing the 'e' in the alkane name with 'ol' (alkanol). Number the chain so the carbon with the -OH group gets the lowest number 10. Aldehydes (CHO) are named by replacing the 'e' in the alkane name with 'al' (alkanal). The -CHO group always gets position number 1. 2,2-Dimethylpentanal 11. Ketones are named by replacing the 'e' in the alkane name with 'one' (alkanone). Number the chain so the carbon with the CO group gets the lowest number. Butanone 3,3-Dimethylbutanone 12. Ethers are named as alkoxyalkanes. The smaller carbon chain becomes the alkoxy group, and the longer one is the main alkane. 13. Carboxylic acids are named by replacing the ending 'e' in the alkane name with 'oic acid'. The -COOH group always gets number 1. 14. Primary amines (-NH2) are named by replacing the ending 'e' in the alkane name with 'amine' (alkanamine). Number the chain so the carbon with the -NH2 group gets the lowest number

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