University:
American Career College
Course:
PHYS111 | Human Physiology
Academic year:

2020
Views:

311

Pages:

31
Author:

Jazmyn Acevedo

Pleura, lung Mediastinum Function   The lungs are the essential organs of respiration the uptake of oxygen into the blood and the removal of carbon dioxide. Anatomical defenses:   The mucous barrier, Mucociliary escalator,     Ciliary dysfunction (are seen in Kartagener's syndrome) Branching pattern of the airways The cough reflex Energy source for speech Pleura  Peripheral layer   Visceral layer     Plural space Cuff of plura Pulmonary ligament Plural fluid Regions of parietal pleura     Cervical Diaphragmatic Mediastinal Costovertebral pleura Recesses   Costodiaphragmatic recess Costomediastinal   Anterior Posterior  Innervation  Parietal pleura:   Intercostal nerves and phrenic nerve Visceral pleura:  Pulmonary plexus Clinical correlates  Mediastinitis: a swelling and irritation (inflammation) of the mediastinum.    Mediastinoscopy: a surgical procedure to examine the inside of mediastinum. Pneumothorax: accumulation of air within the pleural cavity       upper endoscopy or chest surgery, tear in esophagus Fluid (hydropneumothorax), Blood (haemopneumothorax) Lymph (chylopneumothorax) Collection of pus (empyema) without accumulation of air Collection of serous fluid (Plural effusion) Pluritis or Pleurisy: inflammation of the pleura  Plural rub Principal bronchi Principal bronchi  Each of the principal bronchi divides into lobar bronchi The anterior and posterior pulmonary plexuses innervate the trachea and the bronchi Vascular supply: The Bronchi and Lobules of the Lung Tree-like bronchi Principal bronchus Lobar bronchus Segmental bronchus Lungs Pulmonary surfaces and borders features  Pulmonary fissures and lobes   Bronchopulmonary segments Pulmonary hila  Vascular supply and lymphatic drainage  Pulmonary surface features Costalis Surface Pulmonary hila Pulmonary hila Root of the Right lung Medial surface (Right side) Root of the Right lung Root of the left lung Medial surface (left side) Root of the left lung Pulmonary fissures and lobes The Bronchi and Lobules of the Lung Bronchopulmonary segments The Bronchi and Lobules of the Lung Bronchopulmonary segments Bronchopulmonary segments Lymphatic of the Lungs Pulmonary plexuses  The anterior plexus   The posterior plexus   rami from vagal and sympathetic cervical cardiac nerves via connections with the superficial cardiac plexus. rami of vagal and sympathetic cardiac branches from the second to fifth or sixth thoracic sympathetic ganglia. The left plexus also receives branches from the left recurrent laryngeal nerve Respiration types   Abdominal type Thoracic type Breathing Mechanism Normal and Forceful Breathing Clinical correlates      Physical examination Chest pain Availability of lungs for surgery Segmentectomy, Lobectomy Asthma