rheological
(or
mechanical)
layering
rheological layers
lithosphere: rigid & strong
asthenosphere: plastic &
weak
mesosphere: plastic but
stronger
chemical layers
crust: low density silicate
mantle: medium density
silicate
core: iron-nickel metal lithosphere:
temperature well
below the melting
temperature
LVZ:
partial
melting
asthenosphere:
temperature near
melting
temperature
mesosphere: temperature well below melting T STRONG
WEAK
GETTING
STRONGER Brittle deformation of the
lithosphere occurs by fault
motion. Fault motion
produces earthquakes Modern seismicity (earthquakes) records
fault motion along plate margins. Seismicity is confined to the brittle lithosphere.
Deep earthquakes occur in subducted
lithosphere (Benioff -Waditi zone) At high temperature (near the melting T)
rocks are weak can flow Ductile flow occurs in the solid state lithosphere is rigid, asthenosphere flows lithosphere: cold
mantle
LVZ:
partial
melting
asthenosphere: hot
mantle
heating lithosphere
makes asthenosphere
cooling asthenosphere
makes lithosphere sinking lithosphere at a subduction zone
becomes asthenosphere
rising asthenosphere at a MOR becomes
lithosphere
Rheological (or Mechanical) Layering
of 11
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