Indus Valley

Pakistan Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro City-planning Sewer, bath, well systems Standardized weights, bricks etc Peaceful Disappeared Aryans climate change = river dried up, reduction in trade, disease Indus R Seasonal winds that can either bring wet air like the summer monsoons OR it can bring dry air during the winter monsoon season A graph that shows two types of information: a line graph describing temperature and a bar graph showing precipitation Ganges R **Describe how and why Diwali and Holi are celebrated: Diwali Festivle of lights, celebrate as the win of good over evil and light over darkness, candles, food, family, fireworks your duty during your life, path of goodness to follow, Yellow brick road Holi what goes around comes around, your actions bring you good or bad karma celebrated in spring, coming of Krishna, throw colors the cycle of life death and rebirth, reincarnation Heaven like place where you are able to be with god Monotheistic because the many gods all come from one; but Polytheistic because there are hundreds of gods you can worship The social structure used in India. Priests/teachers Brahmins warriors/rulers Kshatriyas Merchants, land owners, craftsmen servants to the other castes worst jobs, cleaning streets, working with the dead Vishayas Sudras Untouchable/Dalit A group of people who are ‘out castes’ in Indian society Brahma creator There are many god to worship but all gods are believed to come from Brahman. Vishnu preserver The Ganges River is sacred to Hindus. It is believed to purify and cleanse the soul; however it is extremely polluted Vedas Om - (visual and sound) to get closer to god during meditation Swastika - good fortune and protection Cow - motherly, sacred, provided milk and butter, illegal to kill Shiva destroyer 1. Born a prince in India 2. Sees all that he has been shielded from 3. Gave up all material things = ascetic 4. Decides that moderation is better than self-denial 5. Sits under Bodhi tree becomes enlightened 6. Teaches the Middle Way (Eightfold path) Text Enlightenment is a when you “see” how life should be. You know how to stop desiring. Nirvana is when you have stopped desiring things and have extinguished the flames of cravings The Caste system Everyone suffers Cravings and desires cause suffering Stop Craving and you will stop suffering The 8fold Path will help you Right Thought – Believe in the Four Noble Truths. Right Intent – Be good and kind. Right Speech – Avoid lies and gossip. Right Action – Do not steal or harm others. Right Livelihood – Reject work that harms others. Right Effort – Prevent evil and do good. Right Mindfulness – Control your feelings & thoughts. Right Concentration – Practice proper meditation. Can be described as both. Polytheistic because there are many gods to worship. Mono because it is believed they all come from one god Brahma. Enlightened one Tripitaka Bodhi tree - is a symbol of the Buddha’s enlightenment Elephant - symbol of the Queen’s dream and that Siddhartha would be a great man. Lotus flower - symbol of the Buddha’s holiness and purity Wheel - 8 spokes represent the 8fold path.