Russian 2 Unit 9 Review

Russian 2 UNIT 9 REVIEW Topics to review • All active vocabulary for Unit 9 as listed on the syllabus, and topics in the grammatical analysis on pp. 195-203. • Verbs of motion: distinguishing between travel on foot and by vehicle, and between unidirectional (one-way) and multidirectional travel. Study the circumstances that are described as multidirectional or unidirectional in the past, present, and future (see handout). Know the present tense and past tense forms and imperatives for èäòė, šõàòü, õîäėòü, and šçäèòü. • Movement to a place: remember that location (action happening in a place without movement) is described using â/íà + prepositional case for places, ó + genitive for people’s homes or offices, and adverbs like ãäå, òàì, çäåñü, and äžìà. When talking about direction (movement to a place), use â/íà + accusative for places, ê + dative for people, and adverbs like êóäŧ, òóäŧ, ñþäŧ, and äîìžé. This distinction also applies when you’re not using a specific verb of motion but some kind of motion to a place is implied: áèëšò íà žïåðó (ticket to the opera), äâåðü íà êŸõíþ (door into the kitchen), поšздка в МосквŸ (a trip to Moscow). • Special expressions using verbs of motion: идёт дождь/снег, рубŧшка òåáå идёт, врšмя идёт, фильм идёт. • Time expressions: review constructions for talking about “time when”: â + accusative for units less than a week (â ÷àñ, â ï¿òíèöó); â + prepositional for longer units such as months and years (â ìŧðòå, â äâå ò²ñÿ÷è äåñ¿òîì ãîäŸ); genitive ordinal numbers for dates of the month and for years that follow numerical dates (äâŧäöàòü ï¿òîãî ŧâãóñòà, ò²ñÿ÷à äåâÿòüñžò ñžðîê âîñüìžãî ãžäà). Distinguish between “time when” expressions (at 2:00, on Thursday, on March 15th, in 2005) and simple descriptive statements (ñåé÷àñ òðè ÷àñà, ñåãîäíÿ äåñÿòîå ìàðòà, ñåé÷àñ äâå òûñÿ÷à äåñÿòûé ãîä), as well as the accusative of duration (for an hour, two weeks, five minutes, etc), which does not take a preposition. • Other expressions related to time: êîòžðûé ÷àñ (what time is it)?/ Ñêžëüêî âðšìåíè? (the more colloquial version). Talking about morning, afternoon, etc: the nominative and accusative forms for periods of the day are Ÿòðî, äåíü, âš÷åð, íî÷ü (fem.) (ñåé÷ŧñ Ÿòðî, êŧæäûé äåíü, êàæäóþ íî÷ü); to say “in the morning/afternoon” use the forms óòðîì, äí¸ì, âå÷åðîì, íž÷üþ; to say 3:00 in the afternoon or 9:00 in the morning use the genitive forms (3 ÷àñŧ äíÿ, 9 ÷àñžâ óòðŧ). Âå÷åð means “evening” and is used for the pre-bedtime hours when one is going to parties and concerts, and íî÷ü means late night. • Indefinite-personal constructions: using the third-person plural form of a verb without îíè or another noun to say “they” do something or something is done:  ˞íäîíå ãîâîð¿ò ïîàíãëėéñêè (they speak English, English is spoken). • Impersonal constructions: adverbs like õžëîäíî, òåïëž, æŧðêî can be used without any subject or verb to describe general conditions or states of being, modified by various adverbs or prepositional phrases (çäåñü, ëšòîì, â áèáëèîòšêå, â Ìàäðėäå, â äåêàáðš). • Ìžæíî/íåëüç¿: these modal words can be used in impersonal constructions, which can also include infinitive verbs (what can or can’t be done) and the dative case expressing who can or can’t do it: ñòóäšíòàì íåëüç¿ ãîâîðėòü íà ëšêöèè. • Soft-stem adjectives: adjectives like äîìŧøíèé, ñėíèé, ëšòíèé, and çėìíèé have soft final consonants, which means their endings will always use the vowels –è, -ÿ, -þ, -å instead of –û, -à, -ó, -î (ñėíÿÿ, ñėíåãî, ñėíèõ, ñėíþþ). Do not confuse them with adjectives whose vowels sometimes change because of spelling rules: ìŧëåíêèé, õîðžøèé/õîðžøåå. Translate the following sentences as accurately as possible into grammatically correct Russian. Remember to mark stress! 1. I work in the library, but eating is not allowed there. I often go (walk) to a cafe. After work, I go home on the bus. 2. --In my opinion, Ñŧøà, tsar ϸòð was born in 1712. --You’re wrong, Íàòŧøà! They write in the textbook that he was born July 12, 1672. 3. –Ìàðėíà, are you going to Boston tomorrow? --No, I went there on Wednesday. Tomorrow I’m going (walking) to my grandfather’s. 4. --Ñåðãåé, why do you always wear a scarf in the summer? It’s very hot here! --Today is not a hot day, because it was raining. And the scarf looks so good on me! 5. I love to take the train, but I don’t like to walk around town. 6. Êėðà went to the dean yesterday, because she did not finish her term paper this semester. 7. My mom looks a lot like [my] grandmother. Grandmother died in 2001.