SPCE 611 Exam 3 Questions and Answers

SPCE 611 EXAM 3 1. Progressive ratio schedules increase or decrease in the response requirement. 2. Function-based interventions include what type of reinforcer? Maintaining 3. Which of the following IS a recommended guideline for increasing the effectiveness of positive reinforcement interventions? Set an easily achieved initial criterion for reinforcement 4. The play condition of a functional analysis is a control condition to which levels of problem behavior in all test conditions are compared. 5. Which of the following IS NOT a guideline for increasing the effectiveness of positive reinforcement interventions? gradually decrease the response-to-reinforcement ratio 6. If we observe high levels of problem behavior during the alone or ignore condition compared to the control condition, we can assume that the problem behavior is maintained by automatic reinforcement 7. One limitation of the Antecedent-Behavior-Consequence (ABC) data collection is: only correlation is identified 8. You decide to conduct a forced-choice preference assessment with a child. During the preference assessment, the child selects toy cars most frequently; therefore, it is ranked highest. Based on this information, what can you say about toy cars? toy cars may be a reinforcer for this student 9. The two main components of Functional Communication Training are Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior and extinction 10. Negative reinforcement can be differentiated from punishment by carefully attending to the role of the "aversive" stimulus. In a negative reinforcement contingency, the aversive stimulus, whereas in a punishment contingency, the aversive stimulus Is present prior to the occurrence of the target behavior; is presented following the target behavior 11. The key distinction between positive and negative reinforcement is: The type of stimulus change that occurs following a response. 12. Positive punishment involves the presentation of an aversive stimulus whereas negative reinforcement involves the removal of an aversive stimulus. 13. Preference assessments should not be conducted if you have a strong gut feeling about what are the likes and dislikes of the client. FALSE 14. Why is it important to make reinforcement schedules more naturalistic? some clients do not have vocal repertoires 15. A scallop effect often occurs with varied ratio schedules of reinforcement. FALSE 16. The functional analysis is the only type of functional assessment procedure that: identifies a causal relation between the environment and behavior 17. Multiple schedules of reinforcement are different from mixed schedules in that _____________. Multiple schedules are signaled and mixed schedules are not signaled 18. A post-reinforcement pause is typically associated with a fixed interval schedule of reinforcement. True 19. The reason we use function-based interventions is so that: inappropriate behavior is not reinforced 20. What type of reinforcement schedule results in a scalloped pattern of responding? FIXED interval scheduling 21. Functional behavior assessments include: indirect, descriptive, and experimental components 22. Variable schedules of reinforcement indicate that reinforcement will occur after ____________. An average number of responses or interval 23. If you train a rat to receive a food pellet every time you play a particular song, the food pellet is ______ and the tune is ______. an unconditioned reinforcer; a conditioned reinforcer 24. Sarah has a behavior of pulling the posters off the walls when she walks down the hallway during transitions. Her behavioral consultant has decided that he can decrease Sarah's target behavior by having her put her hands in her pockets during transitions. He has also instructed Sarah's teacher to provide Sarah with praise when her hands are in her pockets. Which term below best describes the technique Sarah's behavior consultant is using? DRI 25. Thinning refers to Weakening the reinforcement schedule