Organizational Psychology Review Questions Part 2

48. In terms of the relationship between work and family, which model suggests that stress in one context will affect stress in the other context? (A) compensation model (B) spillover model (C) segmentation model (D) congruency model (E) stress model 49. Sandra can start her workday anytime she wishes as long as she is in her office by 11:00 am and works 8 hours before she leaves. This is an example of a: (A) compressed workweek (B) telecommuting agreement (C) shift work schedule (D) flex time arrangement (E) 8-hour fixed work arrangement 50. Which component of motivation relates to exerting various levels of effort? (A) choice (B) intensity (C) perseverance (D) direction (E) flexibility 51. If a student sets a goal for this semester "to do his/her best," Goal-Setting Theory would criticize this goal because: (A) it lacks specificity (B) it's not challenging (C) it's too difficult (D) it's too brief (E) It's too unrealistic 52. According to expectancy theory, motivation is enhanced by outcomes that have high: (A) expectancies (B) valences (C) attainability (D) social popularity (E) commitment 53. Which of the following theories assert the basis for motivation resides more in the environment than in the person? (A) expectancy (B) goal-setting (C) self-regulation (D) work-design (E) none of these 54. All of the following are components of Self-Regulation Theory EXCEPT: (A) people consciously set goals (B) feedback is critical (C) task significance improves employee motivation (D) self-efficacy affects one's self-confidence (E) none of these 55. The difference in power between a superior and a subordinate is referred to as: (A) referent power (B) personal power (C) positional power (D) implied power (E) organizational power 56. As a supervisor, Jimmy is very good at acknowledging his subordinates' needs and concerns, whereas Almald as a supervisor is very good at articulating the groups' direction and goals. in sum, Jimmy illustrates leadership and Armald illustrates leadership. (A) democratic; instrumental (B) instrumental; directive (C) supportive; instrumental (D) supportive; democratic (E) none of these 57. If you examine leadership based upon the leader's personality and integrity, then you are taking a (n) approach to studying leadership. (A) behavioral (B) transformational (C) implicit (D) trait (E) non-traditional 58. Which power base refers specifically to the authority in one's job title? (A) reward (B) legitimate (C) coercive (D) referent (E) imposed 59. Which statement best describes LIVI X theory? (A) Leaders classify subordinates into two groups: the in-group and the out-group. (B) Leaders provide direction and support to help subordinates reach a goal. (C) Effective leaders are motivated, expressive, and loyal to their subordinates. (D) All of the above are characteristics of LAX theory. (E) Only A and C 60. The shop steward is: (A) a management employee that meets regularly with the union representatives (B) a union member that is responsible for overseeing union growth in a particular industry (e.g., auto manufacturing) (C) the elected union member that leads the national union (D) a union employee that is the point person for union activity at the given company (E) none of these 61. To have a union election, at least 30% of employees must: (A) sign authorization cards requesting an election (B) have prior experience as union members in previous employment (C) file a grievance of unfair working conditions at the facia) (D) not be classified as management or professional employees (E) signified membership 62. If a union is viewed by employees as having great power to improve their working conditions and benefits, then it is said that this union has high: (A) ratification (B) authorization (C) instrumentality (D) institutional socialization (E) representation 63. All of the following are key issues in negotiating the labor contract EXCEPT: (A) contract duration (B) recruitment practices (C) management rights (D) union security (E) demand power 64.If an arbitrator have to pick either the union proposal or the management proposal, then this type of arbitration is called arbitration. (A) compulsory (B) final-offer (C) conventional (9) mandated (E) dual 65. What is the best recruiting source for the position of Chief Financial Officer for a Fortune 500 company? (A) Radio advertisement (B) Job fair (C) College placement office (D) Search firm (E) The internet 66.If a measurement technique is reliable (A) it will provide scores for most test-takers on most occasions (B) it will yield scores if candidates are tested on two separate occasions (C) protected groups will score similarly to non-protected groups (D) scores can be relied oil for selection and placement all of the above 67. Rolando Uy needs to find an extended-care residential medical facility for his father. To do this, he must take (A) several weeks off from work to find a facility, move his father, and attend to legal and medical matters. (B) The time he needs to take off (C) should come from this year's vacation days (D) should come from this year's sick days (E) is granted through the Family Medical Leave Act 68. Performance appraisal systems that compare employees with each other are most useful for (A) training needs assessment (B) feedback to the employee (C) promotion (D) both A and B (E) None of these 69. The main benefit of programmed instruction as a training technique is that (A) it is self-paced (B) participants are actively involved in the learning process (C) it provides immediate feedback (D) all of the above (E) None of these 70. In a flexible work schedule the term bandwidth defines the range of hours (A) within which the employee can choose to work (B.) within which everyone is required to work (C) that are most popular to work that (D) that are least popular to work (E) time in which the worker should report 71. One of the earliest applications of human factors research to the workplace was found in (A) time and motion studies (B) equipment enhancement (C) product design (D) environmental control studies (E) psychology 72. All of the following are duties of an industrial psychologist in a work setting EXCEPT (A) organizational analysis and planning (B) test development and planning (C) psychotherapy and self-clarification (D) job studies and analysis (E) recruitment 73. Looking and dressing like your followers can help to make you a more popular leader, fostering the sense that you are one of them. (A) Hogg (B) Festinger (C) James (D) Milgram (E) Watson 74. The application of learning theory to organizational training does NOT suggest that (A) learning is an active rather than a passive process (B) trial and error is probably the most efficient method of learning (C) the individual must be motivated to learn (D) learning methods should be as varied as possible (E) none of these 75. Which of the following is NOT a basic personnel function? (A) Training and development (B) Managing the business (C) Employee relations (D) Compensation (E) Recruitment 76. Compensation refers to (A) all rewards individuals receive as a result of their employment (B) the wages individuals receive each pay period (C) wage schedules and wage rates listed in the union contract (D) the internal alignment of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards (E) salary and benefits 77. The existence of discrimination is determined by the (A) result of employment practices (B) appearance of fairness in employment practices (C) intent of employment practices (D) employer's future plans (E) company's culture 78.Placement and classification decisions are easier to make when jobs are (A) different and each applicant has similar levels of ability (B) similar and each applicant has different levels of ability (C) different and each applicant has different levels of ability (D) similar and each applicant has similar levels of ability (E) all of the above 79. What type of personnel data is the most commonly used in performance appraisal? (A) Grievances (B) Absenteeism (C) Accidents (D) Amount of sales (E) Number of complaints 80. An employee who receives uniformly bad ratings across all job performance dimensions is most likely the victim of which type of rating error? (A) halo (B) predictor (C) contrast effect (D) central tendency (E) none of these 81.What the primary reason it is desirable to state training objective in behavioral terms (A) Most training outcomes are behavioral in nature. (B) Behavioral objectives are more important. (C) Behavioral objectives have broader applicability. (D) It reduces ambiguity about the objectives of training. (E) All of the above 82. is a set of energetic forces that originate both within as well beyond an individual's being, to initiate work-related behaviour, and to determine its form, direction, intensity, and duration. (A) Work motivation (B) Culture (C) Company tradition and practices (D) Drive (E) Self-actualization 83. Which of the following is most true with regards to fatigue? (A) It is a sociological phenomenon. (B) It is often the result of monotony. (C) It is a physiological phenomenon. (D) It is less generalized than boredom. (E) All of the above 84. Which of the following measurement waits is most precise? (A) Nominal (B) Ordinal (C) Inters al (D) Ratio (E) None of these 85. The Goal Instability Scale, The Life Satisfaction Index, and the Interpersonal Support Evaluations List are all used by HR for the purpose of: (A) job selection. (B) job assignment. (C) retirement planning. (D) substance abuse counselling. (E) Employees wellbeing evaluation. 86, A person has just been evaluated by a prospective employer and may now either be accepted or rejected for a position at the company. This person has just gone through a process. (A) screening (B) selection (C) classification (D) both A and B (E) none of these 87. Which of the following interest inventories will be most likely used with occupations that require 4 or more years of college or graduate school? (A) the Strong Interest Inventory (B) the Career Interest Inventory (C) the Campbell Interest and Skill Survey (D) the Jackson Vocational Interest Survey (E) The Personality Assessment Inventory 88. The more attention an employee receives from the managers, co-workers, and customers, the higher the level of effort and employee productivity. (A) Hawthorne Effect (B) Halo Effect (C) Conditioning (D) Structured Leadership (E) All of the above 89. Motivation research includes: (A) focus groups (B) individual interviews (C) expert report (D) both A and B (E) none of these 90. Engineering psychologists were probably at work in the design of: (A) an airplane cockpit. (B) a computer keyboards. (C) a child's car seat. (D) all of these (E) both A and B 91. in consumer assessment, survey research can be accomplished by: (A) face-to-face interviews. (B) telephone interviews. (C) mail questionnaires. (D) Internet survey (E) All of the above 92. Perhaps the most widely used form of survey research is: (A) the face-to-face personal interview. (B) the telephone interviews. (C) the mail questionnaire. (D) Internet survey. (E) all of the above 93. The following are common hiring mistakes EXCEPT (A) Hiring your own image (B) Emphasis on the interview (C) Overemphasis on experience (D) Overly impressed with formal education (E) Fitting job responsibilities to the applicant’s skills 94. In a study on consumer perceptions of similarities and differences among products. Which approach to scaling is more appropriate in this situation? (A) Likert scaling (B) Guttman scaling (C) Multidimensional scaling (D) Aggregate scaling (E) None of these 95. Which attitude research method involves repeated judgments of a concept against a series of descriptive bipolar adjectives on a 7-point scale? (A) semantic differential (B) multidimensional scaling (C) aggregate scaling (D) word association (E) none of these 96. The following item appears on a paper-and-pencil questionnaire administered to all employees: I neglect my supervisor's instruction__ /__ /__ /__ /__ /__I pay attention to my supervisor’s instruction. The item exemplifies which type of scale? (A) Liken (B) Guttman (C) Osgood semantic differential (D) word association (E) none of these 97. A consumer psychologist creates a survey that includes questions that can only be answered yes or no (such as " do you like the new packaging for Siomai Delight?"). The survey this Psychologist has developed could BEST he described as a: (A) Likert survey (B) poll (C) semantic differential survey (D) word association survey (E) face to face interview 98.A consumer psychologist working for a drug company that has developed new, contraception device for men. To assess men's attitudes towards this device. which method of data gathering would the psychologist be LEAST likely to employ? (A) mail surveys complete with information on the device (B) home visit and family discussion (C) online discussion forum (D) focus group with males in the target age range as subject (E) face to face interview 99. which of the following types of survey holds the greatest potential for immediate feedback? (A) mail (B) face-to-face (C) Online (D) telephone (E)Internet or online 100. The following are some suggestions to encourage employees and take initiative EXCEPT (A) Creating a supportive environment (B) Seminar about volunteerism (C) Establish a very competitive environment (D)Reward those who initiate (E) All of the above