University:
Boston University
Course:
GMS BC 630 | Ethical & Policy Issues in Health and Medical Services Emergency Management
Academic year:

2020
Views:

358

Pages:

17
Author:

Clint W.

THE EFFECT OF MAGNESIUM ON DENTINOGESIS OF HUMAN DENTAL PULP CELLS OVERVIEW • • • • • • • • • • • Introduction Background Research Questions Hypothesis Research Objectives Materials and Methods Results Conclusions Clinical Considerations Future Studies References • Dental caries is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases of all populations worldwide • According to the report from the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) 92% of adults aged 20–64 years in the United States have had dental caries in their permanent teeth • Over $ 66 billion is spent annually in the United States because of untreated dental caries (Selwitz et al., 2007) (Data from NIDCR Survey 2018) • Dental pulp exposure from dental caries can cause pain and infection • The currently available treatment scenarios in such condition are either root canal treatment if the pulp is irreversibly inflamed or pulp therapy if the pulp is still vital • Vital pulp therapy aims to induce dentinal bridge formation to maintain pulp integrity and function (Renton &Wilson 2016) (Qureshi et al., 2014) • Maintaining pulp vitality is a major challenge • The development of pulp capping agents has been instrumental in promoting reparative dentin formation • However, on‐going research strategies have failed to overcome the limitations of existing pulp capping materials so that healthy and progressive regeneration of the injured tissues is attained (Qureshi et al., 2014) • Critical need exists to develop a novel therapy that induces dentinogenesis and remineralization similar to the natural process • Introducing therapeutic ions into pulp capping materials has been considered as a new approach for enhancing regeneration of dental tissues. Emerging evidence a notion that Emerging evidence supports asupports notion that magnesium ions plays indispensable bioactive roles magnesium ions play indispensable bioactive roles • BACKGROUND Act as an intracellular second messenger Connect cell-surface receptor induction & cytosolic effectors Critical for ATP dependent phosphorylation of DNA,RNA & enzymes Modulation of signal transduction Affect energy metabolism Induce cell proliferation, differentiation & cell matrix interaction Bone homeostasis Induce mineral metabolism Influence bone density & biomechanical property Associated in biomineralization of bone & teeth Cofactor for Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) Induction of osteoblast differentiation &increase in mineralization Increase in bone formation & cancellous bone volume Accelerate early osseointegration at titanium/bone interface Mg phosphate cements promote proliferation & differentiation of bone marrow stem cells Mg-doped glasses promote biocompatibility & enhance osteogenic bioactivity Porous magnesium scaffolds stimulate angiogenesis & induce new bone formation Mg- screws promote expression of BMP2 & VEGF in bone defects Mg- ceramics enhance differentiation & expression of osteoblast-related genes • Evidence in the literature indicates that magnesium ions have a stimulatory effect on normal human osteoblasts • Magnesium ions represent a promising strategy to replace damaged bone structures and restore their biological functions • However, to date the effect of magnesium ions on dentin regeneration is intriguing largely unexplored The mechanism behind magnesium relationship to human dental pulp cell behavior is not fully understood !!!!!! • Because dentin closely resembles bone physically and chemically Will magnesium ions have a similar mechanism of action on human dental pulp cells triggering regeneration of the injured/damaged dentin-pulp complex? Research Questions • 1- Will magnesium ions have a (stimulatory) biologic effect on human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) in vitro ? • 2- Whether supplemental magnesium will affect such odontogenic activity enhancing or inhibiting proliferation, differentiation and biomineralization of human dental pulp cells in vitro ? • 3- What will be the optimal concentration that can mostly induce such dentinogenic effect ? Hypothesis Hypothesis • Magnesium will have an inductive biologic effect on human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) in vitro Research Objectives • 1- To prepare different concentrations of magnesium chloride • 2- To assess the stimulatory effect of different concentrations of supplemental magnesium on attachment, proliferation, cell viability, and mineralization of human dental pulp cells (HDPCs) in vitro • 3- To evaluate odontogenic differentiation by measuring o Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity o Dentin sialoprotein (DSP) o Dentin matrix protein-1(DMP-1) o Dentin sialo phosphoprotein (DSPP)