2017 International Practice Exam: MCQs

2017 International Practice Exam MCQ President Ronald Reagan, speech to the National Association of Evangelicals, 1983 The excerpt most directly reflects which of the following trends of the 1980s? A The continued growth of the influence of liberal political ideas B The religious diversity of the Republican Party's supporters C The increasing public belief in the federal government's positive influence on society D The expanding political participation of Christian groups D The expanding political participation of Christian groups President Ronald Reagan, speech to the National Association of Evangelicals, 1983 Reagan's presidency resulted in A a decrease in federal government spending B deregulation of industry and reductions in taxes C extensive federal legislation promoting moral ideals D more vigorous protection of the environment B deregulation of industry and reductions in taxes Mary Beth Norton, historian, "The Philadelphia Ladies Association," American Heritage, 1980 The women described in the excerpt would have most typically engaged in which of the following activities during the Revolutionary era? A Writing plays in support of independence B Campaigning for the right to vote as a wartime measure C Joining militias so that they could fight on the front lines of battle D Producing goods for the Patriot cause D Producing goods for the Patriot cause Mary Beth Norton, historian, "The Philadelphia Ladies Association," American Heritage, 1980 Which of the following pieces of evidence could best be used to support the argument in the excerpt? A A record of deeds and land titles held by widows during the American Revolution C B Correspondence between husbands and wives involved in RevoStatistics showing the changes in average family size before and lutionary politics after the Revolution C Correspondence between husbands and wives involved in Revolutionary politics D Studies comparing the literacy rates for men and women during the Revolutionary era Mary Beth Norton, historian, "The Philadelphia Ladies Association," American Heritage, 1980 During and immediately after the Revolutionary era, which of the following resulted most directly from the efforts of women such as 1 / 11 those described in the excerpt? A The extension of voting rights to women nationwide B The reform of laws regarding women's property ownership C The creation of a national network of abolitionist societies D The ideal that women would teach republican values D The ideal that women would teach republican values Which of the following best supports the general argument in the excerpt about how Europeans changed North America? A The emergence of racially and culturally mixed populations B The efforts to restrict settlement beyond the Appalachian Mountains C The spread of maize agriculture D The establishment of fenced fields on family farms D The establishment of fenced fields on family farms William Cronon, historian, Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England, 1983 During the colonial era, which of the following was a widespread effect of the interactions between European colonists and American Indians described in the excerpt? A Confinement of American Indians to government-sponsored reservations B Forced migration of American Indians to territories beyond the Mississippi River C Increased intensity of warfare between the two groups D Efforts to assimilate American Indians into White society through land policies and schooling C Increased intensity of warfare between the two groups Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 Which of the following most directly made possible the ideas described in the excerpt? A The emergence of monopolies that dominated entire businesses B B Innovations including textile machinery, steam engines, and interInnovations including textile machinery, steam engines, and inter- changeable parts changeable parts C Farmers' creation of local, regional, and national organizations that resisted corporate power D The significant influence of organized labor unions Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 Based on the excerpt, which of the following groups would have been most likely to oppose Henry Clay's ideas? A Abolitionists 2 / 11 D Members of the Democratic Party B Antebellum reformers C Members of the Whig Party D Members of the Democratic Party Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 The ideas described in the excerpt contributed most directly to which of the following? A A decline in the internal slave trade B Large-scale European immigration to the South C More Americans producing goods for national markets D Business leaders consolidating corporations into trusts and holding companies C More Americans producing goods for national markets Daniel Walker Howe, historian, What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815-1848, published in 2007 One major change in United States politics from the 1820s to the mid-1850s was the A adoption of an antislavery platform by the Whig Party B rise of political parties defined largely by regional interests C collapse of the Democratic Party in the South D decline of competition between parties B rise of political parties defined largely by regional interests Phyllis Schlafly, "What's Wrong with 'Equal Rights' for Women?," 1972 The ideas expressed in the excerpt are most closely aligned with which of the following broader historical developments? A The emergence of the sexual revolution B The growth of the modern conservative movement C The increased use of federal power to address social inequalities D The critique of post-Second World War liberalism from groups on the left B The growth of the modern conservative movement Phyllis Schlafly, "What's Wrong with 'Equal Rights' for Women?," 1972 Schlafly's argument in the excerpt responded most directly to the A rise of the conservation movement B achievement of woman suffrage C change in the structure of families D influence of computers and the Internet C change in the structure of families Phyllis Schlafly, "What's Wrong with 'Equal Rights' for Women?," 1972 3 / 11 The ideas in the excerpt about women's roles in society have the most in common with ideas associated with which of the following? A Activism on behalf of women's rights during the middle of the nineteenth century B The greater separation of home and workplace during the first decades of the nineteenth century C Political and social reform efforts led by women's clubs during the late nineteenth century D The increased participation of women in the workforce during the Second World War B The greater separation of home and workplace during the first decades of the nineteenth century Samuel de Champlain, French explorer, 1604 French exploration of North America, as reflected in the excerpt, most directly contributed to which of the following? A The ongoing shift from feudalism to capitalism in western Europe B A An economy based on agricultural surpluses in French North The ongoing shift from feudalism to capitalism in western Europe America C Population decline in France as a result of migration to the American colonies D Western European acceptance of the racial and cultural equality of American Indians The French most differed from the Spanish in relations with American Indians in that the French A did not intermarry with American Indians B more frequently enslaved American Indians C developed stronger alliances with American Indians D converted more American Indians to Catholicism C developed stronger alliances with American Indians Albert E. Cowdrey, historian, This Land, This South: An Environmental History, 1983 Which of the following contributed most directly to the population movement described in the excerpt? A The discovery of gold B The overcultivation of the soil C The growth of industrial manufacturing D The decline of the trans-Atlantic trade B The overcultivation of the soil Albert E. Cowdrey, historian, This Land, This South: An Environmental History, 1983 Which of the following was the most significant impact of the South's expansion described in the excerpt? A Conflict over the future of slavery 4 / 11 A Conflict over the future of slavery B Growth of a national railroad network C Fewer social differences among White settlers D Greater opportunities for free African Americans Albert E. Cowdrey, historian, This Land, This South: An Environmental History, 1983 The economic growth of the South relied primarily on the export of goods to which of the following? A East Asia B The Midwest C The West D Europe D Europe Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives, 1890 The excerpt is best understood as a response to which of the following historical developments? A The first Red Scare B Industrialization C The Great Depression D Reconstruction B Industrialization Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives, 1890 By the 1910s, the conditions described in the excerpt were most addressed by A government unemployment programs B acceptance of immigrants by native-born Americans C efforts of middle-class reformers D consolidation of large corporations C efforts of middle-class reformers Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives, 1890 Studies similar to Riis' were most effective in prompting action by the federal government during the A 1920s B 1950s C 1960s D 1980s C 1960s Richard Lyman Bushman, historian, Joseph Smith Rough Stone Rolling: A Cultural Biography of Mormonism's Founder, 2005 The developments described in the excerpt best illustrate which of the following? A 5 / 11 The Second Great Awakening B The abolitionist movement C The ideal of republican motherhood D The increased acceptance of Catholics A The Second Great Awakening Richard Lyman Bushman, historian, Joseph Smith Rough Stone Rolling: A Cultural Biography of Mormonism's Founder, 2005 Based on the excerpt, the westward migration by the Mormons in the 1830s and 1840s was most likely motivated by the A interest in establishing law and order in the newly acquired territories B desire to religiously convert American Indians C declining threat of hardship on the overland trails D need to take refuge from persecution D need to take refuge from persecution Richard Lyman Bushman, historian, Joseph Smith Rough Stone Rolling: A Cultural Biography of Mormonism's Founder, 2005 The goals of the Mormons, as described in the excerpt, were most like the goals of which of the following colonial groups? A Puritans in New England B Planters in the Chesapeake region C French missionaries in the Great Lakes region D Spanish settlers in California A Puritans in New England Martin Luther King, Jr., "Beyond Vietnam," April 4, 1967 The reference to "the world revolution" in the excerpt most directly refers to which of the following developments in international affairs following the Second World War? A A Decolonization and the emergence of nationalist movements in Decolonization and the emergence of nationalist movements in Asia and Africa Asia and Africa B The beginning of the Cold War in Europe C United States support for anticommunist regimes in Latin America D United States efforts to create a national energy policy Martin Luther King, Jr., "Beyond Vietnam," April 4, 1967 King's ideas in the excerpt most directly represent which of the following shifts in thinking among Civil Rights leaders in the second half of the 1960s? A Refocusing the agenda on segregation in the South B Deepening concerns about persistence of inequality C Growing support for Great Society social programs D B Deepening concerns about persistence of inequality 6 / 11 Increasing reliance on the Supreme Court to protect individual rights Public service announcement script, Group Against Smog and Pollution (GASP), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1970 The perspectives expressed in the public service announcements suggest that popular interest in environmental issues such as smog control emerged most directly from A growing concerns about population pressures in major industrial B cities a greater awareness of the impacts of abuses of natural resources B a greater awareness of the impacts of abuses of natural resources C the heightened atmosphere of crisis caused by price inflation and a stagnant economy D the expansion of suburbs, which was allowing middle-class residents to move out of cities Public service announcement script, Group Against Smog and Pollution (GASP), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1970 The methods used to express the ideas in the public service announcements have the most in common with those of female activists who A participated in the Second Great Awakening B engaged in Progressive Era reform movements C advocated on behalf of the Fourteenth Amendment D promoted the ideal of republican motherhood B engaged in Progressive Era reform movements Public service announcement script, Group Against Smog and Pollution (GASP), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1970 Throughout United States history, which of the following groups most typically opposed the perspectives expressed in the public service announcements? A Urban political leaders B Advocates for greater economic equality C Members of organized labor unions D Business executives concerned about economic growth D Business executives concerned about economic growth Senator John C. Calhoun, "Conquest of Mexico" speech, 1848 The excerpt most directly reflects which of the following developments in the United States during the first half of the nineteenth century? A The end of the Spanish-American War B Westward expansion C The booming internal slave trade D Increased manufacturing B Westward expansion 7 / 11 Senator John C. Calhoun, "Conquest of Mexico" speech, 1848 Based on the excerpt, Calhoun would also be most likely to support which of the following? A Proslavery arguments B Policies favoring immigration C Expanded United States federal authority D United States sale of disputed territory A Proslavery arguments Senator John C. Calhoun, "Conquest of Mexico" speech, 1848 Which of the following events best represents a continuity of the sentiments expressed by Senator Calhoun in the speech? A The United States rejection of membership in the League of Nations B Support for assimilationist policies in the 1880s and 1890s C The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson D The Great Migration of African Americans out of the South in the 1910s C The Supreme Court decision in Plessy v. Ferguson President John Kennedy, speech in West Berlin, West Germany, 1963 Kennedy's views expressed in the excerpt best reflect a foreign policy built around A free trade B containment of communism C peacekeeping interventions D arms control negotiations B containment of communism President John Kennedy, speech in West Berlin, West Germany, 1963 Kennedy's strategies expressed in the excerpt have the most in common with which of the following? A Richard Nixon's strategy of détente with the Soviet Union in the 1970s B Jimmy Carter's response to the oil crisis in the 1970s C Ronald Reagan's rhetoric about the Soviet Union in the 1980s D Bill Clinton's advocacy of free trade agreements in the 1990s C Ronald Reagan's rhetoric about the Soviet Union in the 1980s The major pattern on the map best supports which of the following statements? A Fewer people lived in the British colonies than in the Spanish colonies. B British colonies in North America typically had a lower demand for 8 / 11 slave labor than did the colonies of other European countries. C Enslaved Africans were more likely to live on large plantations in B North America than in the Caribbean. British colonies in North America typically had a lower demand for D slave labor than did the colonies of other European countries. Africans in North America were more likely to resist slavery than were Africans in South America. Which of the following most directly contributed to the major pattern depicted on the map? A The growth of the fur trade in the North American colonies B The spread of ideas associated with the European Enlightenment C Demand for crops produced in the Americas D Africans' adaptation to the culture of the Western Hemisphere C Demand for crops produced in the Americas A significant long-term result of the major pattern depicted on the map was A frequent intermarriage between people of African and British descent C B the development of a strict racial system in British colonial socian increase in the destructiveness of American Indian warfare eties C the development of a strict racial system in British colonial societies D cooperation between European countries over colonization in the Americas The image was created most directly in response to the A provision of government subsidies for transportation B D rampant consumerism of the middle class consolidation of corporations into trusts and holding companies C increased migration of people from southern and eastern Europe D consolidation of corporations into trusts and holding companies The situation depicted in the image contributed most immediately to A the organization of new labor unions to confront managerial power B A businesses seeking control over markets and resources outside the organization of new labor unions to confront managerial power the United States C efforts by southern leaders to achieve industrial development similar to that of the North D the creation of a federal agency to regulate the money supply Which of the following arguments did some late-nineteenth-century leaders use to justify the situation depicted in the image? A The federal government provided social welfare services for people living in poverty. 9 / 11 B Immigrant workers contributed to economic growth in the United States. C C Evolutionary principles determined that people succeeded based Evolutionary principles determined that people succeeded based on their merits. on their merits. D The reliance on male laborers protected women from the dangers of factory work. Which of the following most directly affected the lives of the late-nineteenth-century workers? A Widespread movement to suburban neighborhoods B Groups that advocated for women's voting rights C Alternative visions of a good society offered through utopianism D Political machines that provided social services in exchange for votes D Political machines that provided social services in exchange for votes Which of the following groups would have been most likely to oppose the policy suggested in the image? A Social Darwinists and nativists B Leaders of organized labor unions C African American migrants to northern cities D Business executives and industrialists D Business executives and industrialists The policy suggested in the image was most directly a response to A concerns that immigrants would draw on social welfare resources B C demands that the government play a smaller role in regulating fears that immigrants were dangerous radicals or would increase immigration competition for jobs C fears that immigrants were dangerous radicals or would increase competition for jobs D beliefs that immigrants would help establish a more multicultural and diverse United States In the 1960s, the policy referenced in the image was A determined to be in the purview of the states rather than the federal government B overturned by the passage of new legislation C made permanent through an amendment to the United States Constitution D left largely unchanged because it did not apply to immigrants from parts of the world other than Europe In the period from 1900 to 1921, which of the following groups made up the largest share of immigration to the United States? 10 / 11 B overturned by the passage of new legislation A Italians and Poles B French and Germans C English and Irish D Mexicans and Cubans A Italians and Poles Speech by Secretary of State George Marshall initiating the aid program known as the Marshall Plan, 1947 The ideas expressed in the excerpt were most directly motivated by the A tensions created by the outcome of the First World War B desire to export more agricultural goods to Europe C devastation left by the Second World War D concerns about the need for mass mobilization in future conflicts C devastation left by the Second World War Speech by Secretary of State George Marshall initiating the aid program known as the Marshall Plan, 1947 The Marshall Plan most directly resulted from which of the following? A A foreign policy based on the collective security of noncommunist nations A B A foreign policy based on the collective security of noncommunist A strategy focused on promoting the development of a suburban nations society C Conservatives' fears of domestic unrest and challenges to the traditional social order D The effort to create alliances with newly decolonized countries around the world Speech by Secretary of State George Marshall initiating the aid program known as the Marshall Plan, 1947 The policies advocated by Marshall had most in common with which of the following developments in other periods in United States history? A The expansion of a market economy in the early 1800s, which shaped a distinctive middle class B The attempts by the federal government to foster economic opportunities for former slaves after the Civil War C The emergence of political machines in the late 1800s, which provided economic and social services to urban residents D The forcing of American Indians onto reservations by the United States government following the extension of White settlement B The attempts by the federal government to foster economic opportunities for former slaves after the Civil War 11 / 11