Basic Concepts of Educational Administration

INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENTS IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION COURSE Material: Basic Concepts of Educational Administration The educational administration dimension enables education to move towards achieving its goals, the focus of the goal is to improve the abilities within students during the learning process. The role of educational administration itself is as a government instrument to drive education, therefore education must be of high quality and touch everyone (equality) fairly without anyone being left behind. National education is directed at making our nation quality, namely having the ability to develop itself, its family, the surrounding community and its nation, because a nation will have quality if its education is also quality and the task of educational administration itself is to function so that education runs in accordance with the goals that have been set. . The meaning of educational administration itself is management, leadership policy planning, mobilizing/mobilizing, respecting ethics and morality, learning, and the goals to be achieved. Educational administration plays a role as a strategic national instrument in implementing education and also plays a role in equalizing access and efficiency so as to achieve prosperity, justice and prosperity. There are five basic functions of educational administration, namely: planning, detailed planning, execution, control/supervision, and evaluation results, all of which are educational processes. There are seven scientific disciplines in educational administration, namely: economics, psychology, technology, sociology, educational sciences, medicine, and computer science. The development of the industrial revolution 4.0 is divided into 4, namely steam engines, electricity, computers and automation. In all aspects of life today, especially in the world of automated education. With automation, we can be connected and accessed in any way, especially in the era of the Covid-19 pandemic which requires us to always be connected from home, such as work from home (WFH), learning from home (LFH) all using automation or automatic systems. So as a result of the development of this industrial revolution, we can face the impact of Covid-19 which appears with automation and digitalization. This fourth industrial revolution emerged with the appearance of automation, digitalization and artificial intelligence which not only appear in the form of rows but also on our smartphones and mobile phones which make it easier for us to access the internet anytime and anywhere. The Covid19 pandemic has caused many workers to be laid off and quite a few have lost their jobs. However, with technological advances in the industrial revolution 4.0, it does not rule out the possibility for people to spread creative ideas and create their own jobs. This technological progress has caused a shift in people's lifestyles which makes daily life and activities dependent on the internet. Using the internet for more useful things can also be done by contributing yourself. One example is the large number of online shops popping up that can be done from home. Apart from saving space, online shops have also become an alternative job opportunity during the Covid-19 pandemic which has caused many people to lose their jobs. Having iCT skills must also be accompanied by an understanding that ICT is to be utilized to obtain positive learning outcomes. Educators who are expected to have skills in ICT are really needed, starting from early childhood educators, to educators in universities. For example, an educator who is able to use ICT equipment is also expected to be able to direct children to use gadgets according to their stage of development, allowing them to surf the internet with safe supervision from teachers in the school environment and parents in their home environment. In the world of educational administration itself, ICT plays an important role in increasing the effectiveness and efficiency of governance management. One example is student file data at a university which used to be stored in hard files or paper and documents, which put many of these files at risk of being lost, damaged or burned. Meanwhile, in the 4.0 era, which is synonymous with internet use, the hardfile system that was previously used is starting to move to a softfile system which makes data files safe and not easily damaged or lost. Apart from making the process of managing and storing files easier, ICT also plays an important role in making the online teaching and learning process easier, especially due to the impact of Covid-19 which requires pupils and students to study online. All aspects of the world of education today cannot escape the impact of technology. E-learning, e-books, e-libraries, e-literacy are some examples that the world of education is not immune from the impact of technology. The use of E as the preposition of the subject is intended as electronic, which means that learning, books, libraries and literacy are not only limited to hard files and real forms, but have penetrated time and place, allowing all students throughout Indonesia to access and connect with each other. Don't forget Google Classroom, Google Meet, Zoom Meetings, and various applications that make the online learning process easier. Apart from the impacts mentioned above, there are still many other positive impacts arising from the industrial revolution 4.0. Changes in learning needs, which means changes in learning needs from previously requiring a blackboard, chalk or markers to now changing to Microsoft Word, Microsoft Power Point and other learning support applications. The classroom which used to be a real room with chairs and tables can now be accessed using a classroom application or online learning room which allows all children in Indonesia to connect and learn from each other online. Another point is the virtualization of the educational process, with the same intention as discussed above, the educational process in the industrial revolution 4.0 era is accessed and carried out virtually by displaying faces, voices and videos in real time. The emergence of the e-book system, which can be accessed for free or for a fee, has changed the need for using books in hard files. Apart from the positive impact it brings, just like two coins which have two opposite sides, the industrial revolution also has a negative impact in its use in everyday life. There are 4 basic human capital in facing the 4IR era, namely: contextual intelligence, which means that 4IR humans must have contextual intelligence in their minds, which means how a person understands and applies their knowledge to other people around them. Second, emotional intelligence, which means having emotional intelligence, namely how a person processes and unites their thoughts and feelings and connects them with themselves and other people. Third, inspired intelligence, namely how a person uses individual and collective goals, beliefs and virtues to influence change and act for the common good. And finally, physical intelligence, namely how a person improves and maintains his health, including everyone close to him so that he is always ready to use the energy needed to carry out personal and systemic transformation. Educational administration in the 4IR era has a distinctive characteristic, namely the existence of a new mindset, which means that every educational administration student must have an advanced mindset and always move in positive terms, digitalization of management, massive users of online technologies, internet for all of things, and adaptive capacities to change. CONCLUSION The emergence of the industrial revolution in Indonesia marked the entry of technological systems into various aspects in every aspect of Indonesian society's life. Be it banking aspects, trade aspects, daily life aspects, even educational aspects cannot be separated from the influence of this technology. Daily life cannot be separated from the use of the internet, whether accessed via cellphone, laptop, television and so on. There are many positive impacts resulting from the influence of the internet in everyday life, especially in the educational aspect of life which makes the online learning process easier, especially during the Covid-19 period. In this 4IR era, educational administration itself cannot be separated from the influence of this technology. The existence of a new mindset, digitalization of management, mass use of technology, the internet being used in everything and having adaptive capabilities or the ability to adapt to existing changes are characteristics of the new face of educational administration in facing the industrial revolution 4.0 process. Apart from having a positive impact, the fourth industrial revolution will also certainly bring shocks or negative impacts which will certainly be a challenge for us as the millennial generation in minimizing the impact. As the millennial generation, we can answer and face these challenges meaningfully if we are able to mobilize the wisdom of our minds, hearts and souls collectively by adapting, changing and blocking potential bad impacts so that it is safe for both ourselves and others by sharpening and apply the following four types of intelligence, namely: contextual intelligence, emotional intelligence, inspiring intelligence, and finally physical intelligence.