Lecture Note
Creating Changing Criterion and Parametric Analysis
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University:
California State University, Northridge -
Course:
ACCT 412L | Excel Specialist Certification Academic year:
2011
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Views:
356
Pages:
39
Author:
chartaleo4d
1
CREATING Changing Criterion
and Parametric Analysis
SINGLE‐SUBJECT DESIGN
GRAPHS IN MICROSOFTEXCEL
2007 2
Step 1: Set up the Variables (X & Y‐Axes)
Changing Criterion design
Use the second row of cells to Label the
variables that will be displayed on both the X
and Y‐Axes of the graph 3
Step 1: Set up the Variables (X‐Axis)
Changing Criterion design
X‐Axis Label
Enter X-axis label in this cell
For example:
• If you are graphing data for each day enter,
“Date” in this cell
• If you are graphing data for each trial, enter
“Trial” in this cell
• If you are graphing data for each session,
enter “sessions” 4
Step 1: Set up the Variables (X‐Axis)
Changing Criterion design 5
Step 1: Enter the data (X‐Axis) Changing
Criterion design
Enter the dates, or trial
or session numbers in
the column below the
“X-Axis” label 6
Step 1: Set up the Variables (Y‐Axis)
Changing Criterion design
Intervention
For Changing Criterion designs, Enter Y‐Axis labels
for Baseline and the levels of the Intervention
(levels of IV). For example, the intervention is
centered on top of the levels of the IV 7
Step 1: Set up the Variables (Y‐Axis)
Changing Criterion design
DRH for on task
For example, we are using DRH (Differential
Reinforcement of Higher Rates of Behavior) to
increase “On Task” behavior of a student. DRH has
7 levels that represent the amount of time the
student must remain on task. The levels are 3, 4, 5,
6, 8, 10 and 15 min. Thus, we label cells (C2 –I2) so
that they represent the levels of DRH 8
Step 2: Enter the Data (Y‐Axis) Changing
Criterion design
Underneath the ‘‘Baseline’’ phase (cell B2)
enter the data that correspond to the
dates (or session/trial #s). For example,
the following is baseline data for duration
of “On task” in min. before DRH (IV) was
implemented
10‐Nov
3
11‐Nov
2
12‐Nov
3
13‐Nov
3
14‐Nov
2 9
Step 2: Enter the Data (Y‐Axis) Changing
Criterion design
2. Set criterion is met. We are
ready to move to 4 min
15‐Nov
2
16‐Nov
3
17‐Nov
3
18‐Nov
3
1. Enter the data for the first level of the
intervention starting from cell (C8) until the
criterion we set is met (in this case 3 days in
a row remaining on task for 3 min) 10
Step 2: Enter the Data (Y‐Axis) Changing
Criterion design
2. Set criterion is met. We are
ready to move to 5 min
19‐Nov
4
20‐Nov
4
21‐Nov
4
22‐Nov
4
1. Enter the data for the second level of the
intervention starting from cell (D12) until the
criterion we set is met (in this case 3 days in a
row remaining on task for 4 min.) 11
Step 2: Enter the Data (Y‐Axis) Changing
Criterion design
Enter Data points for the
remaining levels of IV 12
Creating the line Graph 13
Step 3: Create the Line Graph Changing
Criterion Design
• Position the mouse on
cell A3
• Click and hold the left
mouse button
• Move the mouse until
all the data points are
highlighted
• Release the left button 14
Step 3: Create the Line Graph
• Click on Insert
• Line
• Chose the circled line graph
above 15
Step 3: Create the Line Graph
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Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
• Begin by deleting the legend (right
click and push delete) 17
Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
•
•
Format
Shape outline
• Select the first data series (baseline) by
clicking on one of the data points (first line
graph)
• Then go to Format and select Shape Outline
to change the color to black (see above) 18
Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
• Then go to Shape Fill to make the
data points black
• Repeat these steps for the other
data series 19
Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
• Now click anywhere on the graph
and go to Format. On the left where
it says Plot Area, select Series 1 20
Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
• Then go to Format Selection and
click on it until the following window
appears 21
Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
• Select Marker Options, then
select Built‐in and choose
the circle (marker size =
aprox. 7‐9)
• Repeat the steps for the 22
Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
• Then select Marker Line Color
and select Gradient Line. Make
sure to select the color WHITE
• Repeat the steps for the other
data series 23
Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
• We now need to eliminate the gridlines from
our graph. First, click anywhere on the graph
and select Layout. Second, select Gridlines,
then select Primary Horizontal Gridlines and
select None 24
Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
• We can now add the Axis Titles to the graph. We
will begin with the Y-Axis.
• First, select Layout.
• Second, select Axis Titles and select Primary
Vertical Axis Title, and then choose Rotated Title 25
Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
• Click inside the
box and title the
Y‐Axis 26
Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
• We are now ready to label the X-Axis.
• First, select Layout.
• Second, select Axis Titles and select Primary
Horizontal Axis Title, and then choose Title Below
Axis 27
Step 4: Formatting Line Graph
• Click inside the
box and title the
X‐Axis 28
Step 5: Adjust the X‐axis
•
•
•
•
We can now change the format of the X-Axis
Click on Layout
Primary Horizontal X-Axis
And More Primary Horizontal X Options 29
Step 5: Adjusting the X‐Axis
Make sure of the following:
• Minimum = Fixed
• Maximum = Fixed
• Major Unit = 5 (reduces
clutter on X-axis)
• Minor Unit = 1
• Major Tick Mark = None
• Minor Tick Mark = Outside
• Click Close
None
Outside 30
Step 6: Adjusting the Y‐Axis
•
•
•
•
Now we can change the format of the Y-Axis
Click on Layout
Primary Vertical Y-Axis
And More Primary Vertical Y Options 31
Step 6: Adjusting the Y‐Axis
• Click on Fixed and change
minimum to ‐5 (if you have a 0
data point you want to make
sure that the 0 does not fall on
the X‐Axis)
• Click Fixed and change Maximum
to 2 times the highest number in
the data set. Except when Y‐axis
is a percentage. When Y
represents Maximum = 100
• Click on Fixed and change Major
and Minor Unit to a whole
number
• Change Horizontal Axis Crosses
to ‐1 32
Step 6: Adjusting the Y‐Axis
‐5
You want to hide the ‐5 by
completing the following steps
• Click on Insert
• Click on Text Box
• Draw a small box around the ‐5 33
Step 6: Adjusting the Y‐Axis
• Right click on the border of the box and then click on Format
Shape (at the bottom of the pop up box)
• Click on fill color and select white
• Click on line color and select no fill
• Click on Close 34
Step 7: Drawing Phase Change Lines
• Click on Insert and then Shapes and choose the straight line
• First, hold down the shift key to ensure that the line remains
straight. Next, hold the left side of the mouse and move the
mouse upwards 35
LStep 7: Drawing Phase Change Lines
1. Leave the line separating
the baseline from the
intervention solid
2. Click on an intervention line
to change the format 36
Step 7: Drawing Phase Change Lines
• Right click on the first intervention line
• Click on format shape (at the bottom of the
first pop up box)
• Click on line style (2nd pop up box)
• Click on the dashed line
• Repeat for all remaining lines
• Note: If you need to change these lines to
black, click on Line Color and change to
black
• Short cut: If you want to change all the lines
at once, left click on your fist line and then
hold down shift as you highlight the
remaining lines 37
Step 8: Label the phases
Baseline
•
•
•
•
•
•
3 min
4 min
5 min
6 min
8 min
10 min
15 min
Click on insert
Click on draw text box
Enter the name of the phase
Right click on the border of the text box and go to Format Text box
Click on Fill (no color) and Line (no color)
Repeat for other phases 38
Step 9: Remove graph border
Baseline
3 min
4 min
5 min
6 min
8 min
10 min
• Right click on the left side of 50
• Click on Format Chart Area (bottom of first pop
up box)
• Click on Border Color and click No Line
15 min 39
Step 10: Drawing Lines to Show Criteria
Was Met
Baseline
3 min
4 min
5 min
6 min
8 min
10 min
15 min
• Click on Insert and then Shapes and choose the straight line
• First, hold down the shift key to ensure that the line remains
straight. Next, hold the left side of the mouse and move the
mouse to the side
• The first line should correspond to the 3 min point on the Y‐
Axis. The second line at 4 min. Then 5 min and so forth.
• Hint: You can also left click on the line and move it with the
arrow keys
Creating Changing Criterion and Parametric Analysis
of 39
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