University:
California State University, Northridge
Course:
BIOL 281 | Human Physiology
Academic year:

2024
Views:

140

Pages:

13
Author:

do3ran7ut

Urinary System What are the components of the urinary system? Name and describe the homeostatic functions of kidneys (8) The renal hilum in the entrance for: What are the three layers of kidney connective tissue from deep to superficial? Describe the path of urine drainage: Why do vasomotor nerves need to regulate blood flow through the kidneys? Describe the path of blood flow in the kidneys from the entry point to the exit point: Compare and contrast the cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons: Describe the formation of urine, including glomerular formation, tubular reabsorption and secretion and describe the flow of solutes/water through the associated structures: Describe the filtration membrane and its components, which is the leakiest and which have some selectivity? Why is GFR kept relatively constant by homeostasis? (brief – end of part 1) How do the mechanisms that regulate glomerular filtration operate and what are they controlled by? Explain renal autoregulation of GFR Explain neural regulation of GFR Explain hormonal regulation of GFR ___________ reabsorption drives ___________ reabsorption Explain the reabsorption and secretion that happens in the PCT, differentiate with the passive reabsorption that occurs in the late PCT Describe the details of reabsorption in the nephron loop Describe the details of reabsorption in the early DCT Describe the details of what cells/transporters are utilized in the late DCT and collecting duct Match: a Angiotensin II b Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) c Aldosterone Increases excretion of Na+ in urine, increases urine output, and thus decreases blood volume and blood pressure Increases secretion of K+ and reabsorption of Na+, increases reabsorption of water, which increases blood volume and blood pressure Increases reabsorption of Ca+ d Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) e Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) Increases facultative reabsorption of water, which decreases osmolarity of body fluids Increases reabsorption of Na+ and water, which increases blood volume and blood pressure Describe the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system What are the three effects of angiotensin II? Describe the negative feedback system of ADH and how urine concentration varies with ADH Differentiate between the formation of dilute and concentrated urine: What are the three main contributors to high osmolarity in the renal medulla? Explain the concept of countercurrent multiplication and the end result Explain the concept of countercurrent exchange Describe urine transport and storage What are some homeostatic imbalances that are a result of kidney disfunction?

Urinary System Practice Exam

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