Women Composers and Sacred Music in the Baroque Era

The Baroque Era Question Answer Barbara Strozzi published more arias than any True other male singer-composer in her times. probably the illegitimate daughter of the Venetian poet Giulo Barbara Strozzi was Strozzi. Chiara Margarita Cozzolani was a nun at the Milan convent of St. Radegonda in Chiara Margarita Cozzolani and Barbara they both published music in their lifetimes. Strozzi are unique in that Cozzolani’s Magnificat closes with a particular doxology prayer of praise to God called the Cozzolani’s Magnificat is sung in which Latin language? During the Baroque era, the Catholic Church offered a wide variety of options for women to False express their spirituality. Many women composers in the Baroque era felt a particularly strong affinity with which the Virgin Mary biblical character? Music has often been a means for marginalized True people to voice their perspective. Music was not a part of the life of nuns in False convents in the Baroque era. On whom did Augustinian priest Filippo the nuns of St. Radegonda of Milan Picinelli lavish praise in 1670? In times such as the Baroque era, when women had few choices in their lives, what was the entering a convent only honorable alternative to marriage? Priests and monks were brought in to convents False to sing the lower parts in polyphonic music. It has been suggested that Barbara Strozzi was a courtesan. Sleepyhead, Cupid! is sung in which language? Italian The Baroque era offered few musical True possibilities for creative women. The form of Sleepyhead, Cupid! is All possible answers. ternary a da capo aria A-B-A The music of Chiara Margarita Cozzolani was published during her lifetime and circulated beyond the convent. The text setting of Strozzi’s Sleepyhead, word-painting. Cupid! includes The themes of Barbara Strozzi’s arias often the theme of love. focus on Which best describes the performing forces of two double choirs, soloists, and organ continuo Cozzolani’s Magnificat? Which describes Barbara Strozzi’s performing She performed in the exclusive male academies of Venice. opportunities? Which of the following did NOT take place at the convent of St. Radegonda when Cozzolani The nuns adhered to the church ban on singing polyphony. was there? Which of the following is a type of music Magnificat dedicated to the Virgin Mary? Who was Chiara Margarita Cozzolani? All possible answers. a musician a Benedictine nun a composer A ground bass is heard only at the beginning of False Dido’s aria. All possible answers. often associated with sailors. characterized A hornpipe is by a Scotch snap. characterized by a short-long rhythm. An aria is characterized by tuneful and highly emotive melodies. At the time Monteverdi wrote the opera The Coronation of Poppea, what type of opera houses were opening in Venice? Between scenes of an opera the orchestra may play Despite being composed in England, Purcell’s opera Dido and Aeneas has an Italian text. Dido and Aeneas is one of the earliest, and most famous, Italian operas. Dido and Aeneas was first presented by Who of the following was an early composer of Italian opera? How is grief musically depicted in Dido’s Lament? In Baroque opera, what seemingly happens to the time during an aria? In the aria, Dido sings "Remember me, but ah! forget my fate." What was her fate? The _______ was an English entertainment that combined music and poetry. The most important new genre of the Baroque era was The bass line that opens and unifies Dido’s Lament is called a(n) The libretto for Purcell’s opera, Dido and Aeneas, is based on The new Italian opera was embraced in all Western European countries. The opening of Act II of Dido and Aeneas begins with a sprightly tune in the style of a The principal components of opera include arias, recitatives, overtures, and The text of an opera is known as a What is the musical style of the opening line "Thy hand, Belinda; darkness shades me"? Where was Purcell employed when he wrote Dido and Aeneas? Which is NOT a true statement about Baroque opera? Which is NOT true of an overture? Why does Dido sing a lament at the end of Purcell’s opera? Which statement about Johann Sebastian Bach’s career is NOT true? Bach composed in all genres except Bach wrote many of his most important works for which instrument? Bach’s Cantata No. 140 is sung in what language? For what religious occasion was the cantata Wachet auf (Sleepers Awake) written? For which church did J. S. Bach write his cantatas? Four sons of Bach’s nineteen children were leading composers of the next generation. In regard to the cantatas by J. S. Bach, which statement is NOT true? In the Lutheran tradition, the cantata was performed along with the Gospel reading, public sinfonias. False False a group of girls at a boarding school. Monteverdi with a descending, chromatic bass line time stops to die masque opera ground bass. Virgil’s Aeneid. False hornpipe choruses libretto recitative He was a music teacher at a girls’ school. Baroque opera aims to depict events realistically. It is generally played as an introduction and again between scenes. Aeneas has left her. Bach had an international career. opera organ German the end of the church year Lutheran True Bach’s church cantatas are single-movement works. on most Sundays of the church year. sermon, and prayers In the last movement of Bach’s Cantata No. 140 Martin Luther and fellow reformer John Calvin believed only priests who were trained singers should participate in church music-making. What was one of Martin Luther’s most important and lasting contributions to Western culture? The Lutheran chorale Wachet auf is in "bar form," which is respresented as _____. The energetic instrumental idea that recurs several times between the vocal statements in the first movement of J. S. Bach’s Cantata No. 140 is a The first movement of Bach’s Cantata No. 140 is a(n) The fourth movement of Bach’s Cantata No. 140 features the tenor section singing in unison. The libretto of Bach’s cantata Wachet auf How many movements are there in J. S. Bach’s Cantata No. 140 Wachet auf? Which describes the chorale melody as it is heard in the fourth movement of Bach’s cantata Wachet Auf? Which describes the performing forces of a cantata? Which is a true statement regarding the music of J. S. Bach? Which of the following applies to the definition of a cantata? Which voices sing the melody in a homorhythmic performance of a Lutheran chorale? Who of the following wrote the chorale text and tune for Wachet auf (Sleepers, Awake)? ________ were weekly hymns created by Luther and his followers for their congregations to sing by composing (or sometimes recycling) simple and memorable melodies. The Royal Academy of Music was founded for the purpose of producing Italian opera. Handel and J. S. Bach met often and collaborated on musical works. Handel composed in all genres except opera. Handel found great success living and working in Handel spent his entire career in Germany. Handel’s Messiah was premiered in Handel’s oratorios Handel’s oratorios combined elements of all of the following EXCEPT How is the oratorio similar to opera? In what language is Handel’s Messiah sung? Handel created the English oratorio for all of the following reasons EXCEPT which one? the chorale melody is heard in the soprano line. False the idea that musical worship belongs to the congregation A-A-B ritornello chorale fantasia. True All possible answers. is based on a biblical text. urges Lutherans to prepare themselves spiritually for the second coming of Christ. is the parable of the Wise and Foolish Virgins. seven The tenors sing the chorale melody in unison. soloists, chorus and orchestra Bach achieved unrivalled mastery of contrapuntal composition. All possible answers. solos arias, recitatives, and choruses multimovement work orchestral accompaniment sopranos Philipp Nicolai Chorales True False False London, England. False Dublin, Ireland. All possible answers. quickly became popular. appealed to the English public. were designed to turn a profit. German opera. They both feature arias, recitatives, and choruses. English King George I commissioned him to write oratorios Early oratorios The Baroque oratorio evolved out of events that took place during the CounterReformation. The libretto for Handel’s Messiah features biblical verses from both the Old and New Testaments. The oratorio was generally based on The word "oratorio" is derived from which? What is the genre of "Rejoice greatly"? Where was Handel born? Where was Handel buried? Which describes the texture of the "Hallelujah Chorus" from Handel’s Messiah? Which genre is Handel said to have invented? Which is NOT true of the Baroque oratorio? Which statement does NOT apply to the texts for Handel’s Messiah? Which term means an instrumental refrain? Which vocal form took its name from the Italian word for "place of prayer"? A heterophonic effect is many people singing A religious choral composition in English designed for congregational singing, though it could also be sung in the home or among friends, is called Where did William Billings live and work? Billings adhered strictly to European compositional methods. Billings’s David’s Lamentation is complex and challenging to sing. Colonists in New England participated in congregational hymn singing. Conservative Puritan leaders In what language is Billings’s David’s Lamentation sung? Singing schools in Colonial America began in the Sometimes Billings’s songs mixed sacred texts and political references. The intent of the process of lining-out was to create unison congregational singing. The practice of lining-out allowed singers who did not read music notation to participate in congregational music-making. The seventeenth-century system in which New England church leaders sang each line of a psalm and the congregation repeated it back is called The text of David’s Lamentation recalls King David’s grief upon losing What is the form of Billings’s David’s Lamentation? What is the genre of Billings’s David’s Lamentation? What is the predominant texture of Billings’s David’s Lamentation? All possible answers. were performed in public meeting places. spread the messages of the Catholic faith. were meant to be a moral alternative to opera. True True a biblical story. an Italian word meaning "place of prayer" da capo aria Halle, Germany Westminster Abbey, London alternating between homorhythmic and polyphonic textures English oratorio It used scenery, acting, and costumes, just like opera. The libretto was written by religious leaders. ritornello oratorio slight variants of the same melody simultaneously. an anthem. Boston False False True believed polyphonic singing was scandalous. English 1720s True True True lining-out. his son Absalom. A-B-B anthem homophony What system did the Puritans employ for singing psalms in church? When many people are singing the same melody at the same time, but each singer is modifying the tune slightly, the resulting texture is known as lining-out Which of the following are William Billings’s contributions to American music history? All possible answers. contributing songs to the cause of independence from Great Britain emphasizing the institutional importance of music cultivating a tradition of American psalmody Which of the following is a collection of music by William Billings? Which of the following was NOT a direct result of congregations learning musical notation in Colonial America? Who of the following was NOT a friend of William Billings? William Billings lived during the William Billings taught at singing schools. The New England Psalm Singer heterophony increased interest in European plainchant Johann Sebastian Bach early years of the American Republic. True All answers are correct. Many movements found in the suite are The Baroque suite is characterized by which of dance types from different countries. It consists of a series of the following? short dance movements. The movements have contrasting tempos and character. What is one of two possible forms of the binary individual movement in a suite? What do Stradivari, Guarneri, and Amati have They were all string instrument makers. in common? The first era of Western music history in which instrumental music was a major focus for Baroque era. composers was the The Baroque suite could include dances from Germany, England, France, and Spain. During the Baroque era, string instruments gut used what material for strings? Which of the following were considered trumpet, French horn “natural instruments”? The Baroque suite could include a German allemande dance called a(n) Which of the following wind instruments were recorder, oboe, flute made of wood during the Baroque era? During the Baroque era, which woodwind instrument became associated with a somber bassoon mood? Baroque composers applied the concept of the All answers are correct. solo instrumental orchestral chamber suite to ________ music. The Spanish dance often included in the sarabande Baroque suite is the What is the name of the French dance often courante included in the Baroque suite? The sarabande is a Spanish ________ often dance included in the Baroque suite. Elaborate instrumental music has often been used to convey on special occasions. The flowering of instrumental Which of the following describes instrumental grandeur music was largely encouraged by wealthy patrons. New music in the Baroque era? technologies made increasingly sophisticated musical instruments possible. The allemande is a(n) ________ dance included in German the Baroque suite. The ________ form in a concerto is loosely based on the alternation between orchestral ritornello statements and virtuosic passages for the soloist. In his era, Vivaldi was the greatest and most concertos prolific Italian composer of answers shown here. The concertos are structured in threeWhich of the following characterizes Vivaldi’s All movement forms. The concertos convey pictorial images. The Four Seasons? concertos are based on poems. The instrumental form based on the contrast concerto of two dissimilar bodies of sound is called a Antonio Vivaldi was known as the “red priest” the color of his hair. for A ritornello form in a concerto is typically the first and third movements. found in The solo instrument in Spring, from The Four violin Seasons, is the genre based on the opposition between two dissimilar bodies of A concerto is an instrumental sound, such as a small group of solo instruments and orchestra. Which of the following is Vivaldi’s best-known The Four Seasons set of concertos? How many violin concertos did Vivaldi over 230 compose? The typical solo concerto has ________ three movements. Where was the concerto first developed? Italy The Four Seasons is program music because Vivaldi’s music mirrors the accompanying poems. The opening movement of Spring, from The ritornello Four Seasons, is in ________ form. In the first movement, Spring, both the poem and music evoke birds, a stream, and thunder True and lightning. Vivaldi lived and worked in Venice What is an identifying element of a fugue? contrapuntal motion In a fugue, the technique of stating the theme diminution in shorter time values that go faster is called The technique of overlapping statements of the fugue subject, which heighten tension, is stretto. called Which of the following is the title of a set of The Well-Tempered Clavier forty-eight preludes and fugues by Bach? The opening section of a fugue, in which all voices successively present the subject, is exposition called the All answers are correct. its tone cannot be sustained like that of The harpsichord is different from the piano the piano. it is not capable of a wide dynamic range. its strings are because plucked, rather than struck. Which of the following are contrapuntal devices that alter the original subject of a fugue? In a fugue, the technique of moving the subject by the same intervals but in the opposite direction is called Who wrote The Well-Tempered Clavier? In a fugue, the technique of stating the pitches of the subject backward is called Which of the following was an important keyboard instrument during the Baroque? In a fugue, the technique of stating the subject in longer time values is called What is a toccata? All answers are correct. augmentations retrogrades diminutions inversion Bach retrograde the organ augmentation an improvisatory, free-form keyboard work with highly contrasting musical ideas and tempos Bach’s last demonstration of contrapuntal The Art of Fugue. mastery was The exposition of a fugue ends after the True subject has been presented in each voice once. The Well-Tempered Clavier is a collection of forty-eight preludes and fugues. The fugue is based on the principle of imitation. The organ has multiple keyboards. True True True