Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide

Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Describe what the nurse should advise the client who is having nausea and upset stomach from erythromycin. Take this medication with food Define the following words: Intrinsic effect Hormones, enzymes, growth factors, and other chemicals made by the body that change the activity of cells. Side effect Drug side effects are expected, are mild, and do not occur in all patients. Adverse effect A drug effect that is more severe than expected and has the potential to damage tissue or cause serious Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ health problems. It may also be called a toxic effect or toxicity and usually requires intervention by the prescriber. Therapeutic effect Desired effect (main effect) of a drug on specific body cells or tissues; same as intended action. Describe foods need to be avoided while taking a MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor). Foods with tyramine (Aged cheese, wine, cured meats); Processed food; aged food; anything that is found on pizza Identify what is the best time of day to take omeprazole. Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Best to take it 30 minutes before a meal, preferably breakfast. Which type of blood pressure medication has the potential side effect to cause a dry cough ACE inhibitors; The nurse notes an order for insulin to be administered intravenously. The nurse recognizes that which insulin is the only type that can safely be administered intravenously Regular (Humulin R); it is rapid acting Tetanus toxoid boosters should be given how often Every 10 years What inhaler should a client always carries if they have asthma? Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Albuterol is a rescue drug to stop the asthma attacks Salmeterol prevents attacks  What to monitor when patient is taking morphine for pain? Respiration and over sedation  Spironolactone is a potassium- sparing do not encourage eating food high in potassium  Lasix is a loop diuretic  Never give patient potassium if they have renal failure; no pee, no potassium  Time frame to give medication One hour before; one-hour after Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+  Route that is quickest and more dangerous Intravenous (IV)  High risk medication Insulin, potassium, anticoagulant; PCA machine (Patient Controlled Analgesia)  What is the purpose of giving Antiviral drugs? Decrease the immune system; it stops the progress of cells A client has just begun a new antibiotic. Which side effect is of greatest concern? Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Hives and trouble breathing Explain what a medication antagonist means. Any drug/chemical molecule that blocks the effect of an agonist Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ You are teaching a client about their new Tuberculosis drug regimen. After reviewing the side effects, the client asks how long she must continue taking the drugs. What is your response? As long as 24 months Maintaining follow-up monitoring of liver enzymes; Avoiding alcohol intake; The urine may have an orange color Identify medications that apply a protective coating to the stomach. Enteric Coating What is the major side effects of Nitroglycerin? Headaches, dizziness, lightheadedness, nausea, and flushing as your body adjusts to this medication; orthostatic hypotension Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ If a patient complains of a headache and is on Nitroglycerin, what must we assess? Is the Nitroglycerin cause the patient to have a stroke; the migraine aches cause vasodilation, the arteries in the head gets larger causing hypertension, that’s what causes the headache; also causing bleeding in the head • Do not give potassium to renal failure patient.  What to teach patients about over the counter laxatives and being constipated? Increase fiber, exercise, increase fluid Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+  Why do older females need less pain medication? Weight, meds may not work, absorption problem, kidney disease, problem with liver functioning  Over dosed on Xanax or valium, what to give? Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Flumazenil  What is the purpose of anticoagulant? Prevent clots, do not dissolve clot; decrease platelet agitation  How do you know when Lipitor medication is working? Decreased cholesterol levels  A patient is on a new antibiotic is complaining, what is the biggest concern to you? Hives and trouble breathing Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+  What type of medicine is Naproxen and what I it used for? NSAID. Worried about the patient taking NSAIDs for a long period of time, Thins blood and may cause hemorrhage (bleeding excessive blood), GI problems, develop of Ulcers and bleeding, Take medicine with meals to prevent stomach trouble Why might an older adult female might need less pain medication or physician may order less pain medication? Obese; over weight; anorexia/ very thin; constipation; medication may not take; respiratory depression; may have liver or kidney problems Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ The drugs which most commonly cause stomach ulcers like aspirin, diclofenac and naproxen are frequently available with enteric coatings. Reversal agent for Dilaudid (Hydromorphone) Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ NALOXONE (NARCAN) Reversal agent for Xanax (Alprazolam) Romazicon (Flumazenil) Reversal agent for opioids Naloxone Reversal agent for benzodiazepines Flumazenil Reversal agent for warfarin Vitamin K Reversal agent for Heparin Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Protamine Sulfate Education about side effects of Ritalin (Ritalin is a CNS stimulant sometimes used to treat narcolepsy; it causes increased general CNS stimulation to promote wakefulness and reduce the sudden sleepiness of narcolepsy.) Why do they take Ritalin- ADHD; ADD When is the best time to take it- in the morning; might cause insomnia (do not take at bedtime); it is a stimulus Check for tachycardia Common side effects of CNS stimulant drugs used for narcolepsy include hyperactivity, insomnia, restlessness, tremor, hypertension, palpitation, tachycardia, and loss of appetite (anorexia). Other side Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ effects include nervousness, headache, upset stomach, diarrhea, mood swings, and depression. A different medicine called an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) can replaced the ACE inhibitor and control your blood pressure without the side effect of the cough. Which organ could be dangerously affected by too much acetaminophen Liver Damage. The liver is vulnerable to harm because it is the organ that processes medications and toxic substances from the blood. Overdosing on acetaminophen can cause liver failure, which can eventually lead to death. Acetaminophen poisoning causes nearly half of acute liver failure cases. Describe important information required prior to 1st dose of acetazolamide You should not use this medicine if you have cirrhosis, severe liver or kidney disease, an electrolyte imbalance, adrenal gland failure, or an allergy to acetazolamide or sulfa drugs. Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Define the following related to medications: Pharmacokinetics involves the study of how the drug moves through the body, including absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. (How the body effects the drug) Pharmacodynamics (How drugs effect the body) Absorption The movement of a drug from its site of administration into the blood. Excretion Movement of drugs and their metabolites out of the body. Metabolism a change in drug structure Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Organ most responsible for metabolizing drugs: liver Distribution the movement of drug molecules from the blood stream to other parts of the body (tissues) site of action Areas of rapid distribution: heart, liver, kidneys, brain Areas of slower distribution: muscle, skin, fat The emergency respiratory MDI is: Metered-dose inhaler Which type of insulin has the shortest onset of action Aspart (Novo log) Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Explain how bronchodilators work in clients with breathing problems. It open ups the bronchial tubes, to allow more air to come in A 2-year-old client with respiratory syncytial virus is prescribed aerosolized ribavirin (Virazole). Which visitor does the nurse ensure is not in the client's room during the aerosol treatments? 32-year-old pregnant mother; A major adverse effect of ribavirin is that it is a teratogen, an agent that can cause birth defects. Ribavirin is pregnancy category X. It should not be given to pregnant or breastfeeding women, and it should not be handled or inhaled by anyone who is pregnant. A client's family asks why the client is being given a positive inotrope. What is the best explanation? It is used for weaken muscle; it improves the workload/ function of the heart Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ • Example is digoxin (oral) • Dobutamine (IV) Nursing Interventions prior to the administration of metoprolol - Monitor for hypotension and bradycardia frequently during dose adjustment and during therapy. Hold if pulse is less than 60 bpm. -Administer with meals or directly after eating. Client teaching for spironolactone Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ - Obtain baseline and periodic serum electrolytes, Complete Blood Count (CBCs), Blood Urea Nitrogen(BUN), serum, glucose, serum uric acid, and CO2. - Monitor BP and fluid/electrolyte imbalance - Weigh 2-3 time each week, report gains or losses of greater than 2 lbs. in 2 days Identify antibiotic medication used to treat a respiratory fungal infection Anti-fungal therapy Nursing interventions required when administering a “High-Alert” medication. To safely administer I.V. infusions of high-alert drugs, you must understand how equipment such as Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ infusion pumps work, and you must use the equipment as it was made to be used. Client teaching for warfarin Avoid aspirin (antiplatelet effect) while taking warfarin; Carry medical alert ID; Get regular exercise to prevent venous stasis & thrombophlebitis; Don't take dark green vegetables high in vitamin K, will decrease effectiveness of warfarin. If a patient is going home on steroids or immunocompromised; what do we teach this patient, that is a chemotherapy? Being around other people that are ill Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+  How would you know if a patient has a GI problem? Bleeding, blood in the stool Lab work performed to test the blood Guaiac culture (Occult blood)  When taking antianxiety meds, what food to avoid? Foods with tyramine; processed food, deli meat, any aged food, beer, wine, cheese  How long does it take Serotonin to be affected? Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Advice the patient it take time; it takes 8-12 weeks  Medication given sublingual (under the tongue) Medication given Ophthalmology (by eyes) Medication given otologic (by ear) Nursing intervention before administration of furosemide Assess patient for skin rash frequently during therapy. Discontinue furosemide at first sign of rash; may be life-threatening. Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, or erythema multiform may develop. Treat symptomatically; may recur once treatment is stopped. Assess patient for tinnitus and hearing loss. Describe an example of client teaching using the psychomotor domain. Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Assembling a dry inhaler; patient demonstrate the teaching Describe the purpose of anticoagulants. It will prevent any new clots from forming What is the purpose of antiviral drug therapy? Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ To reduce illness duration by controlling viral reproduction, by preventing them from reproducing and growing. Which drug action is most likely to lower blood pressure? relaxing (dilating) blood vessel smooth muscle Which route of administration provides the quickest onset of action of a medication? Intravenous (IV) Fastest to Slowest- Intravenous, Sublingual, Intramuscular, Subcutaneous, Oral, Topical Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ A client reports taking an over-the-counter laxative for constipation daily for the past 3 weeks. What is the nurse's best action? -Increase fluid/water -Increase fiber -Exercise Which of the following are possible side effects from hormone replacement therapy? Breast cancer, heart disease, stroke, and blood clots. You are preparing to administer levothyroxine (Synthroid) to a client. You will monitor the client for which potential adverse effect. To report weight loss, anxiety, insomnia, and palpitations. Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Prior to administering a new medication, which question is most important to ask the client “Are you allergic to any drugs?” Check the patient’s armband before administering the medication; ask the patient his/her name and date of birth A client is being discharged on digoxin 0.25 mg po daily. What do you include in your discharge teaching? Take and record radial pulse rate daily. Side effects of digoxin: nausea/ vomiting; changing in vision (hallo- greenish/ yellowish light)  Which is a side effect is associated only with loop diuretics? Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ hearing loss  A patient with overactive bladder has been prescribed tolterodine (Detrol). While assessing the patient, the nurse discovers the presence of the following health problems. Which problem causes the nurse to contact the prescriber and question the drug order? Glaucoma  When hypertension is not treated, which health problem can result? kidney damage  Which antihypertensive drug is considered safe for use during pregnancy or breastfeeding? Methyldopa (Aldomet) Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+  Which diuretic may cause an adverse effect of a higher than normal serum potassium level? Spironolactone (Aldactone)  Digoxin Increases the force of heart contractions and slows down the heart rate to improve cardiac output The higher the gauge, the thinner the needle • (subcutaneous) injections you would typically use a 25 to 27-gauge needle 3/8 to 5/8 inches’ long • Intradermal (25 gauge, 3/8 inch) • Intramuscular (20 to 22 gauge, 1 to 1.5 inch) Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ A patient taking Lipitor, how would you know that this medication is having the desire effects? Decrease cholesterol If a patient is just being started on a new antibiotic, what would be the concern compliant? Hives; rashes; trouble breathing; trouble swallowing (contact provider) Which classification of medication has the potential complication of causing angioedema to develop and need to always monitor to patient for first dose reaction? Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ -Ends in (pril) ACE inhibitors; leads to angioedema (swelling tongue; vasoconstriction to the airway) can cause dry cough Why does the patient take Prilosec in the morning before breakfast? To prevent acid reflex What is a patient going to complain of if they are taking Lipitor? Nausea; Muscle aches and pain/ weakness, needs to be reported to provider; needs to check liver function Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+ Which class of medication we would want educate a patient that is over the client for a person who is hypertension; to use consciousness that is hypertension? Antihistamine drugs; going to raise blood pressure Why give enteric coated medication? It does not allow the acid in the stomach to digest quickly Nursing Pharmacology-Final Exam Study Guide. Q & As BEST EXAM SOLUTION SATISFACTION GUARANTEED SUCCESS LATEST UPDATE 2022/2023 RATED A+