Methods of Birth Control

INTRODUCTION:- by various rethate that control fertility and prevent pregnancy Contraceptives are termpotrary or permanent reasures employed to prevent pregnancy in spite of sexual intercourse With the explosion of population in our country, various rethale of planning small forrily have been in vogue for the Birth control is the procedure to rebrict the number of children of pregnancies because repented pregnancies pose danger not only to the health of the mother, but also to that of the off spring. lost many decades. However, there is no single, ideal method of preventing. pregnancy The only reethod of preventing pregnancy with 100% Surety is total abstinence, ie, avoidance of sexual intercourse Birth control methods are employed not only for livciting the number of children but also for the epacing I. Methods Based On Physiological Principles 1. Rythm Method:- Normally, only viable ossum is released por Menstrual cycle and it remain viable for about 24 hours, while the sperare after entering the uterus strive for about 48 hours. Shue there is a miniture period of 3 days during which intercoule Must be avoided to prevent pregnancy. For these misthal to be effective, the tire of ovuhtion must be known. In most women who have regular periods ovulation wewally occurs 14 days before the onset of the meat menstruation For example, if the cycle starte on the first day of a month and laste 30 days, the time of ovulation would be the 16th of that month. Pregnency is unlikely to occur if coitus is avoided 4 days before and 4 days after the expected day of the Lovulation. 2. Withdrawal method:- Withdrawal of penis just before ejaculation though practices is not relaiable the failure rate of this method being about 20 per cent. IL. Barrier Methods Since its very cheap and effective, the condors is the most widely used method by the males. An added andinatage is the protection it gives to the Mak against sexually transritted diseases like AIDS hepatitis syphilis and genothes. A similar barrier, the ruber diaphrager, is fitted over the wrix by the female. In addition to these mechanical barriers, 3, a spermicidal jelly is vand by many couples at the same time. Ⅲ. Use of Sperrricidal Agente Use of creares jellies foars, suppositories, etc. in the ferale before cortus and vaginal douches after intercourse may be considered with barriere. Ⅳ. Interruption of the Normal Paths of Speror of Ovum Interrupting the normal paths of sporre or over by valectory in males and tubertorry in perrales, appear to be the ideal methode suitable for ove porr and illiterate population However, restoration of the patency of these tuber, if required later on has few chances of success. Oral Contraceptives It has been known for long that various dores of synthetic centroges an projesterone given during the fort half of menstrual cycle inhibit release of FSH and LH by negative feedbork Shir, in turn reduces the kuels of the normal ovarian estrogene and progesterone, the mid cycle LH surge does not occur and ovulation & not triggere. Even Es if ovulation deel occur, changes in cervical Mucus and in the enderretive prove hostile for sperres ond implantation. The pills are startes early in the cycle, continued beyond the expected day of Ovulation, and then stopped to allow menstruation to excur Intrauterine Devices IUD's or intrauterine devices or foreign bodies that are placed in the uterus and left there. "Copper T" and "Loop D" are the common devices used. They possibly make the endorsetrius unevitable for implantation of fertilizel egg by causing "aseptic infloriration" and/or by increasing uterine Motility IVDs have long term we can be removed when desired and die os effective as thectorry.