ATI Teas Test Practice Glossary - Answer Key

ATI TEAS TEST PRACTICE 1. The price of a 20" television changed from $450 to $400. Find the percentage change in price. A. -10% B. -11% C. -13% D. -15%: Correct answer: -11% Change in price: 450 - 400 = 50 To determine the percentage change, divide the change in price by the initial price: 50 = 0.1111 450 Multiply by 100 to determine the percentage: 0.1111 × 100 = 11.11% Because the price decreased, the change in price is negative: -11.11%, or about -11% 2. Which of the following is not a type of natural lipid? A. Supersaturated B. Polyunsaturated C. Saturated D. Unsaturated: Correct answer: Supersaturated 1 / 17 There are three types of natural lipids: unsaturated, polyunsaturated, and saturated. Supersaturation is a not a naturally occurring lipid. Unsaturated and polyunsaturated lipids have one or more double bonds between carbon atoms of fatty acid chains; saturated lipids share no such double bonds. A common example of supersaturation is rock candy, which is created from a supersaturated sugar solution. 3. Which of the following is not true of mitosis? A. Daughter cells are different than parent cells B. Daughter cells are identical to parent cells C. It produces daughter cells D. It occurs only in eukaryotic cells: Correct answer: Daughter cells are different than parent cells Mitosis is a cell cycle during which a parent cell produces an identical daughter cell. It has four main phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Since the parent and daughter cells are identical, both diploids and haploids can undergo mitosis. Mitosis is a four-stage process that creates two identical cells from one original cell. Prophase is the first and longest stage of mitosis. In this stage, the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. Metaphase is the second stage of mitosis. In this stage, the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell and become connected to the spindle fiber at their centromere. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis. In this stage, the sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are pulled apart. Telophase is the fourth and last stage of mitosis. During this stage, the chromosomes 2 / 17 gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct rod-like shapes. Two new nuclear membranes then form around each of the two regions of DNA and the spindle fibers disappear. 4. What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in the cell? A. To uptake food through the cell membrane B. To produce cellular respiration C. To provide intracellular digestion D. To provide transportation of materials throughout the cell: Correct answer: To provide transportation of materials throughout the cell The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the transportation of materials throughout the cell. The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. Intracellular digestion occurs within lysosomes. Uptaking food is the job of vacuoles. Cellular respiration is the function of mitochondria. 5. When hydrocarbon is heated, its products are carbon dioxide and water. This is an example of which of the following? A. Decomposition B. Combustion C. Single replacement D. Synthesis: Correct answer: Combustion 3 / 17 An example of combustion is when hydrocarbon is heated and its products are carbon dioxide and water. Combustion is an exothermic chemical reaction that occurs when heat acts on oxygen or a fuel compound. Synthesis is a reaction that causes two elements to join to form one product. Decomposition occurs when a compound is broken down into its component parts. Single replacement occurs when an active metal reacts with an ionic compound that contains a less active metal to form a new compound. 6. When is a double covalent bond formed? A. When two electron pairs are shared between two atoms B. When two neutrons bond within an atom C. When two electrons bond within an atom D. When two neutron pairs are shared between two atoms: Correct answer: When two electron pairs are shared between two atoms A double covalent bond is formed when two electron pairs are shared between two atoms. A general covalent bond is formed when two atoms share their electrons. Covalent bonds are the strongest type of chemical bond. When two electrons bond within an atom is incorrect because two atoms need to share two electron pairs in order for a double covalent bond to form. When two neutron pairs are shared and when two neutrons bond are incorrect because covalent bonds are formed when electrons are shared. 7. Which suffix should be added to a word function to indicate resembling? A. -ess B. -oid 4 / 17 C. -fy D. -ive: Correct answer: -oid The suffix -oid is added to a word function to indicate resembling. For example, tabloid means resembling a newspaper, and spheroid means resembling a sphere. The suffix -ive is added to a word function to indicate causing or making. The suffix -ess is added to a word function to indicate female. The suffix -fy is added to a word function to indicate make. 8. Atoms are made up of all except which of the following? A. Electrons B. Isotopes C. Protons D. Neutrons: Correct answer: Isotopes Isotopes are atoms that have an equal number of protons but a different number of neutrons. Thus, atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. The diagram further illustrates the composition of the atom. 9. To which body system does cartilage belong? A. Neuromuscular system B. Respiratory system C. Integumentary system 5 / 17 D. Skeletal system: Correct answer: Skeletal system The skeletal system has three main functions: movement, protection, and metabolism. The skeletal system is composed of bone, which is an organ that is constantly being reorganized. Bones synthesize blood and immune cells, as well as store calcium, phosphate, and lipids. Bone is a dynamic tissue that is made and broken down according to need. It also functions to provide structural, protective, and metabolic needs. 10. In which of the following phases of matter do the molecules exert a strong attraction to one another as they move slowly relative to one another? A. Gas B. Solid C. Liquid D. Plasma: Correct answer: Solid Solid is the phase of matter in which molecules exert a strong attraction to one another as they move slowly relative to one another. Plasma is the phase of matter that is made up of electrons and positive ions. Liquid is the phase of matter in which molecules exert moderate attractions to one another as they move at moderate speeds. Gas is the phase of matter in which molecules exert little or no attraction to one another because they move at high speeds. 11. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is produced by the pituitary gland. Which of the following identifies a function of adrenocorticotropic hormone? A. Cortisol production B. 6 / 17 Testosterone regulation C. Water balance regulation D. Milk production stimulation: Correct answer: Cortisol production The endocrine system is a set of organs that secrete hormones directly into the circulatory system. Its principle functions are hormone production and internal communication and coordination. The major glands in the endocrine system are the pineal, hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid and parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, and ovaries or testes. These glands send hormones through the blood to other organs and tissues in the body to control the function of that organ. Cortisol production is a function of the adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Cortisol helps reduce stress and maintain one's blood pressure. Milk production stimulation is a function of the prolactin hormone. Testosterone regulation is a function of the luteinizing hormone. Water balance regulation is a function of the antidiuretic hormone. 12. Which of the following is the metric system's basic measure of weight? A. Ounce B. Gram C. Ton D. Pound: Correct answer: Gram The metric system's basic measure of weight is the gram. Scientists use the metric system of measurement. Ounce, pound, and ton are U.S. customary units of measure. 7 / 17 13. Identify the pronoun in the following sentence. He ran over the bike with a yellow truck. A. Yellow B. He C. Bike D. Over: Correct answer: He He ran over the bike with a yellow truck. A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun. In this case, the word he replaces the name of the person who ran over the bike. In this sentence, bike is a noun, yellow is an adjective, and over is a preposition. 14. Read the following sentence, and select the meaning of the italicized word. Insulin is endogenous and helps regulate blood sugar levels. A. Located within the body B. Produced within the body C. Produced outside the body D. Located outside the body: Correct answer: Produced within the body The term "endogenous" means produced within the body. Insulin is produced within 8 / 17 the body and helps regulate blood sugar levels. The term "exogenous" means produced outside the body. The term "external" means located outside the body. The term "internal" means located within the body. 15. The author will typically use transition words such as one, next, another, first, and finally when writing what type of sentence? A. Supporting detail B. Introduction C. Summary D. Main idea: Correct answer: Supporting detail Supporting details are often preceded by a transition word. This transition word helps the passage flow and keeps the reader interested in continuing to read. When looking for supporting details, keep an eye out for transition words. 16. Which of the following sentences is not an example of subject-verb agreement? A. Nicole's shoe collection was getting out of control. B. The students was driving the teacher crazy by yelling out answers. C. Behavior in children is most often determined by parental behavior. D. Five boys were teasing a group of girls on the playground during recess.: Correct answer: The students was driving the teacher crazy by yelling out answers. Subject-verb agreement is matching like numbers of subjects and verbs: singular 9 / 17 with singular, plural with plural. "The students was driving the teacher crazy by yelling out answers." In this sentence, the words students and was are not in agreement. Students is a plural word, while was is correctly used with a singular subject. The sentence should read "The students were driving the teacher crazy by yelling out answers." The remaining answer choices are examples of proper subject-verb agreement. 17. Which of the following can lead to the formation of calcium kidney stones, which is when the urine contains more crystal-forming substances than urine can dilute?: Consumption of oxalates The consumption of oxalates can lead to the formation of calcium kidney stones. Oxalates are found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and chocolate. The consumption of seafood can lead to gout, as it is rich in uric acid. The consumption of carbohydrates can lead to tooth decay, as carbohydrates break down to form sugar. The consumption of salt can lead to high blood pressure. 18. What do ribosomes use to create proteins?: RNA Ribosomes are made from RNAs and proteins called ribonucleoproteins. The DNA sequence in genes is copied into messenger RNA, which are then read by ribosomes to create proteins. 19. Express 432 cubic inches as a percentage of 1 cubic foot.: Correct answer: 25% 12 inches = 1 foot (12 inches)³ = (1 foot)³ (12 × 12 × 12) = 1,728 cubic inches = 1 cubic foot To find the percentage, divide 432 cubic inches by 1,728 cubic inches and multiply by 100. 432/1728 × 100 = 25% 20. What is the primary purpose of catalysts?: To increase a rate of reaction 10 / 17 A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a rate of reaction but does not actively participate in it. It is, therefore, left chemically unchanged at the end of a reaction. 21. During the glycolysis process of cellular respiration, what is produced?: Two ATP molecules, two pyruvate molecules, and two NADH molecules During the glycolysis process of cellular respiration, two ATP molecules, two pyruvate molecules, and two NADH molecules are produced. The glycolysis process takes place in the cytosol of the cell. 22. When a solid substance reaches a specific temperature it will transform into a liquid. This is known as which of the following?: melting point A substance's melting point is the temperature at which a solid substance changes into a liquid. Boiling point is incorrect because it is the temperature at which a liquid substance begins to boil and transforms into a vapor. Malleability is incorrect because it is a metal substance's ability to be shaped. Specific heat capacity is incorrect because it is the amount of energy required to change a substance's temperature by one degree Celsius. 23. There is a layer of muscle that divides the right and left ventricles from the right and left atria. What is that layer of muscle known as?: Septum Septum is the wall of muscle that divides the right and left ventricles from the right and left atria. The pericardium is the double-layered membrane that surrounds the heart. Myocardium is the heart muscle. The sinoatrial node begins the electrical signals that cause the heart to contract. 24. At the end of meiosis, four daughter cells are produced. How many chromosomes does each daughter cell contain?: 23 Each daughter cell has 23 chromosomes at the end of meiosis. A daughter cell, or haploid gamete, has half the number of chromosomes that the parent cell has. The parent cell has 46 chromosomes. 25. Mitosis is a type of asexual reproduction. This cell division process occurs in how many stages?: Four Mitosis is a four-stage process that creates two identical cells from one original cell. 11 / 17 Prophase is the first and longest stage of mitosis. In this stage, the chromosomes become visible and the centrioles separate and move to opposite poles of the cell. Metaphase is the second stage of mitosis. In this stage, the chromosomes line up across the center of the cell and become connected to the spindle fiber at their centromere. Anaphase is the third stage of mitosis. In this stage, the sister chromatids separate into individual chromosomes and are pulled apart. Telophase is the fourth and last stage of mitosis. During this stage, the chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and lose their distinct rod-like shapes. Two new nuclear membranes then form around each of the two regions of DNA and the spindle fibers disappear. 26. If one atom of element X with a charge of 3- reacts with two atoms of element Y with a charge of 1+ each, what is the charge of the final product, assuming all other variables are equal?: 1There is a total of 2+ and 3- charges. Adding those together, we get a final charge of 1-. 27. It is known that the gene that codes for male pattern baldness depends on the gene for red hair. This type of interaction between alleles is known as which of the following?: Epistasis Epistasis is a phenomenon that consists of the effect of one gene being dependent on the presence of one or more 'modifier genes' (genetic background). Similarly, epistatic mutations have different effects in combination than individually. 28. A tank loses 20 cubic inches of water after 3 hours through leakage. If the tank has 80,000 cubic inches of water, how much will remain in the tank after a total of two days?: 79,680 cubic inches First, find out how many hours are in two days. 1 day = 24 hours 1 day x 2 = 24 hours x 2 = 48 hours In 3 hours, 20 cubic inches is lost. Set up a proportion to find out how much water is lost in 48 hours. 3 hours/20 cubic inches = 48 hours/x number of cubic inches 12 / 17 3/20 = 48/x 3x = 960 x = 320 cubic inches Because the question asks for the remaining quantity, rather than the amount lost, subtract this amount from the original amount in the tank. 80,000 - 320 = 79,680 cubic inches 29. Find the result of the following operation: Multiply 3/4 by itself then subtract the result from 1.: 7/16 The operation is 1 - (3/4 × 3/4). First multiply 3/4 by 3/4. 3/4 × 3/4 = 9/16 Solve the expression by converting 1 into a fraction. 1 - 9/16 16/16 - 9/16 = 7/16 30. For his science fair project, Clay ate fast food for breakfast, lunch, and dinner for two solid weeks and changed no other lifestyle habit during that time period. Clay recorded his weight, blood pressure, and cholesterol level before and after the experiment, which is reflected in the provided table. What is the independent variable(s) for this experiment?: Fast food An independent variable is the object that is being measured as a possible cause. In this experiment, the independent variable is fast food, as it is being consumed in order to measure the possible cause (increased weight, blood pressure, and cholesterol). Weight, blood pressure, and cholesterol is incorrect because they are the exper13 / 17 iment's dependent variables. Individual and lifestyle habits are incorrect because they are the experiment's controlled variables. 31. How would 1.05 be displayed as a fraction?: 21/20 To convert 1.05 into a fraction, first change it into an improper fraction. 1 5/100 = (100 × 1 + 5)/100 = 105/100 Reduce the fraction by dividing both numerator and denominator by 5. 105/100 ÷ 5/5 = 21/20 32. I asked him to mow the lawn today while I was at work. Which of the following words from the above sentence is a pronoun?: him The word "him" is a pronoun. A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun. The word "I" is another pronoun used in the sentence. The word "while" is used as a conjunction. The word "lawn" is a noun. The word "today" is used as an adverb. 33. Which of the following can lead to liver disease, which is a disturbance of the liver's function that causes illness?: Alcohol abuse In North America, alcohol abuse is the most common cause of liver disease, as alcohol is directly toxic to liver cells and can cause liver inflammation. Obesity can lead to type 2 diabetes. Diabetes can lead to kidney disease. Stress can lead to insomnia. 34. When an allele is recessive for a particular trait, how will the letter chosen to represent it in the Punnett square appear?: Lowercase When an allele is recessive for a particular trait, the letter chosen to represent it in the Punnett square will be lowercase. A dominant allele will be represented with a capitalized letter. 35. Increasing the temperature is a way to increase the reaction rate of a chemical reaction. How does increasing the temperature accomplish this?: It increases the chance of contact by causing particles to move around faster due to greater kinetic energy 14 / 17 36. An element contains 45 protons and has an atomic mass of 64. What is its atomic number?: The number of protons in an atom's nucleus is also the atomic number of the atom. In this case, there are 45 protons present. Therefore, the atomic number is 45. 37. Which type of bond is formed when a hydrogen atom is attracted to a highly electronegative element?: A hydrogen bond is formed when a hydrogen atom is attracted to a highly electronegative element. Hydrogen bonding is an intermolecular force. 38. Which of the following is a lipid that is a membrane component and a precursor to significant hormones?: Steroids are lipids that are membrane components and precursors to significant hormones. Lipids are known as fats, and they include steroids, fatty acids, and phospholipids. 39. When does the mitosis stage known as anaphase begin?: When chromosomes start to separate 40. A subjective piece of writing does which of the following?: A subjective piece of writing includes personal feelings, attitudes, and opinions. 41. Which punctuation mark best completes the sentence? During a recent speech, Darla stated__ "I am the only individual who has achieved perfection.": A colon (:) is the punctuation mark that best completes the sentence. During a recent speech, Darla stated: "I am the only individual who has achieved perfection." A colon is used to formally introduce a quotation, a sentence, or a question. 42. In regard to the periodic table, which of the following occurs as you move from left to right across it?: The atomic radius decreases as you move from left to right across the periodic table. This occurs because as you move towards the right of the periodic table, the number of protons increases, causing an enhanced attraction force on the electrons, which draws them closer to the protons. 43. I found the lost stuffed animal under the bed. Which of the following words from the above sentence is a preposition? A. under B. lost C. found 15 / 17 D. bed: under The word "under" is a preposition. A preposition appears first in a prepositional phrase and shows the relationship between its object and another word in the sentence. The word "found" is a verb. The word "lost" is used as an adjective. The word "bed" is a noun. 44. I must have got some sun from working outside all day. What is the sentence construction for the above sentence? A. Complex B. Compound-complex C. Simple D. Compound: Correct answer: Simple The given sentence is a simple sentence, as it contains only one independent clause and no dependent clause. This particular simple sentence contains an independent clause ("I must have got some sun") with two phrases ("from working outside" and "all day"). A compound sentence contains two independent clauses joined by a comma and a coordinating conjunction or by a semicolon. A complex sentence contains one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. A compound-complex sentence contains two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses. 45. Which type of solution combines readily separate matter? A. Amalgams 16 / 17 B. Emulsions C. Alloys D. Compounds: Emulsions Emulsions are solutions that combine readily separate matter. An example of an emulsion is water and oil, as these two types of matter readily separate. Compounds are solutions that create a single matter by mixing different elements. Alloys are solutions that make a new type of metal by combining solid solutions of other metals. Amalgams are solutions that use mercury to dissolve another metal type. 17 / 17