University:
College
Course:
College Chemistry
Academic year:

2022
Views:

395

Pages:

1
Author:

SpaceCadet101

AQUEOUS ACID-BASE SUMMARY PURE WATER IONIZATION REACTION : H2O + H 2O  H3O+ + OH  H+ loves OH  simplified: H2O  H+ + OH  Only 1 in 500,000 molecules ionized [H+] = [OH ] = 1 x 10 -7 [H +] x [OH ] = 1 x 10 -14 and AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF ACIDS [H+]  [OH] Acids are MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS that react with water to produce ions. IONIZATION REACTION O F ACIDS : HA(aq) + H2O  H3O+ + A simplified: HA  H+ + A STRONG ACIDS (HCl, HBr, HI, HNO 3, HClO4, H2SO4) Every molecule in solution reacts with water to produce ions. Solution is acidic because of H 3O+ (H+). HCl(aq) + H2O  H3O+ + Cl simplified: HCl  H+ + Cl In solution, H+ hates Cl  M SA  theoretical [H +] WEAK ACIDS (all other acids) FEW molecules in solution react with water to produce ions. Solution has very few H 3O+ (H+). HC2H3O2(aq) + H2O  H3O+ + C2H3O2 In solution, H+ likes C 2H3O2 AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS OF BASES simplified: HC2H3O2  H+ + C2H3O2 M WA  theoretical [H +] [OH]  [H+] STRONG BASES – SOLUBLE METAL HYDROXIDES (Group IA hydroxides & Ca(OH) 2, Sr(OH) 2, Ba(OH) 2) Strong bases are IONIC COMPOUNDS that dissociate into ions upon dissolving in water. Solution is basic because of OH . NaOH  Na+ + OH  In solution, Na+ hates OH  M SB  theoretical [OH ] WEAK BASES (NH3) Weak bases are MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS that react with water to produce ions. IONIZATION REACTION OF N H3: NH3(aq) + H2O  NH4+ + OH  simplified: NH4OH  NH4+ + OH  FEW molecules in solution react with water to produce ions. Solution has very few OH. In solution, NH4+ likes OH  M WB  theoretical [OH ]