Comp Con Final Questions Chapter 2

Chapter 2: The CPU of most modern computers is a microprocessor. true In the computer industry, the term _________ refers to the size and dimensions of a device or components. form factor In 1971, Intel introduced the world's first microprocessor called the _________. 4004 x86 processors use a different instruction set than ARM processors. true During an instruction cycle, all parts of the instruction are performed by the microprocessor's control unit. false A hard disk drive is an example of magnetic storage. true Solid state storage stores data in erasable, rewritable circuitry, rather than on spinning disks or streaming tape true Which of the following is based on computer technology? tablets, ebook readers, and game consoles A(n) __________ is a multipurpose device that accepts input, processes data, stores data, and produces output, all according to a series of stored instructions Computer ______ is data that is entered into a computer. ______ is the result produced by a computer. input, output Keyboards and printers are two examples of _________ devices peripheral . Peripheral devices are generally attached to a computer with cables or a wireless connection true Computers process __________ by performing calculations, modifying documents and pictures, drawing graphs, and sorting lists of words or numbers. data Processing is handled by the computer's central processing unit (CPU). true Most computers have temporary holding areas called __________. memory Instructions that tell a computer how to carry out processing tasks are referred to as a computer _______. program The collection of programs on a computer is referred to as _______________. software The term 'stored program' means that a series of instructions for a computing task can be loaded into a computer's memory true The ability to switch between programs makes computers multipurpose devices true Computers run three main types of software: application software, development tools, and _______ software. system System software is a set of computer programs that helps a person carry out a task. false Software applications are sometimes referred to as _______, especially in the context of handheld devices. app(s) An example of system software is a computer operating system. true . The primary purpose of ________ software is to help the computer system monitor itself in order to function efficiently. system An integrated circuit is a set of microscopic electronic circuits etched onto a thin slice of ___________ material such as silicon semiconducting Semiconductors are substances with properties between those of a conductor and an insulator. True An DIP is a square chip package, typically used for microprocessors, with pins arranged in concentric squares false LGAs have two rows of pins that connect the chip to a circuit board false . The electronic components of most digital devices are mounted on a circuit board called a ______________. system board, motherboard, main board The ________ houses all essential chips and provides connecting circuitry between them system board, motherboard, and main board The term ________ refers to the part of a digital device that holds the system board system unit Component systems are currently the most popular form factor for digital devices false . __________ devices have a keyboard as the base and a screen on the hinged cover. clamshell, notebook, laptop The __________ form factor features a touchscreen that covers most of the device's surface. slate, tablet Many touchscreens have an _________ coating designed to repel the oils deposited by fingertips. oleophobic Battery lifespan is the time your device operates before it must be recharged. false Battery life is the time your device operates before it must be recharged. true The most popular battery type used in today's electronic devices is __________. lithium ion At its time of construction, one of the fastest computers in the world is referred to as a(n) _________________. supercomputer A large, closet-sized computer capable of simultaneously processing data for hundreds or thousands of users is most likely a __________ computer mainframe A computer that is primarily used to serve data to other computers on a network is called a(n) ______________. server Originally called microcomputers, _________ are designed to meet the computing needs of individuals personal computers Which of the following is an example of a computer that is a small, lightweight personal computer that is designed like a clam shell? laptop computer A ___________ is a special category of laptop, designed to be connected to the Internet for most routine computing activities chromebook A desktop is a portable computing device featuring a touch-sensitive screen that can be used for input as well as for output. false A slate tablet configuration is basically a screen in a narrow frame that lacks a physical keyboard. true _____________ are mobile devices that have features similar to tablet computers, but also provide telecommunications capabilities over cell phone networks. smartphone(s) . Smartphones evolved from basic cell phones and PDAs. true The operating systems for smartphones are radically different to those used for tablet computers false Which of the following is an example of an operating system that is used by smartphones? iOS, Andriod, Windows RT Smartwatches, smartglasses, and fitness trackers can be classified as _______ computers. wearable Digital devices such as NOOK and the Kindle, that are designed for displaying the content of digital publications, such as books, magazines, and newspapers are referred to as __________. ebook readers Smartwatches are multifunction devices that can include a camera, thermometer, compass, calculator, cell phone, GPS, media player, and fitness tracker true Headmounted digital devices designed to look like eyeglasses are called __________. smartglasses . Modern refrigerators, washing machines, and other appliances are controlled by integrated circuits called ____________ that combine sensors with processing circuitry. microcontrollers To monitor activity throughout the day, you can wear a __________. These devices, worn on the wrist or clipped to a pocket, monitor your steps and heart rate fitness tracker What type of computer should you consider purchasing if you want a system that is ideal for dedicated gamers, serious designers, desktop publishers, and video editors? desktop What type of computer should you consider purchasing if you want a portable system that is great for consuming content such as ebooks, music, and videos but not so great for creating content or multitasking? tablet What type of computer should you consider purchasing if you want a portable system that is good for students and on the go professionals who want to create content and be productive, in addition to consuming content? laptop Computers that operate in essentially the same way and use the same software are said to be ______. compatible Computers with the same operating systems can typically use the same software and peripheral devices. true A(n) ____________ is an integrated circuit designed to process instructions microprocessor Intel Corporation is the world's largest chipmaker and supplies a sizeable percentage of the microprocessors that power desktops and laptops. true The __________ chip family set the standard for processors used in today's desktop and laptop computers, as well as servers. 8086, x86 Modern processors follow Intel's original numbering sequence. false The Intel i7 microprocessor is x86 compatible. true Athlon and Aseries processors manufactured by AMD are NOT x86 compatible. false The processors that are found in just about all desktop and laptop computers are _____ compatible. x86 Processors based on ____ technology dominate tablet computers and smartphones ARM ARMbased processors are not especially energy efficient. false ____ processors are found in Microsoft's Surface tablets, Apple's iPads and iPhones, and Samsung's lineup of Galaxy phones ARM Microprocessors are hardwired to perform a limited, preprogrammed set of activities called a(n) ___________ instruction set A(n) _____________contains a collection of instructions for actions that the circuitry in a microprocessor can perform instruction set Microprocessors can't directly understand programming languages, so programs have to be converted into _____________ that corresponds to the microprocessor's instruction set machine language The ____________ is the part of the microprocessor that performs arithmetic operations, such as addition and subtraction. ALU, arithmetic logic unit The ALU uses __________ to hold data that is being processed. registers In a microprocessor, the __________ fetches instruction CPU The term instruction cycle refers to the process in which a computer executes a single instruction. true When a program begins, the memory address of the first instruction is placed in a part of the microprocessor's control unit called a(n) __________. instruction pointer In a processor, the timing device that sets the pace for executing instructions is called the ___________. microprocessor clock Most computer ads specify the speed of a microprocessor in gigahertz true A microprocessor that contains circuitry for more than one processing unit is called a ________ processor. multicore Processors that execute one instruction at a time are considered to be ________ processors serial A multicore processor that executes more than one instruction at a time is referred to as a parallel processor. true A(n) ____________ is special high-speed memory that allows a microprocessor to access data more rapidly than from memory located elsewhere on the system board. CPU cache _________ is a temporary holding area for data and programs. RAM RAM is volatile. true If a program exceeds its allocated space, the operating system uses an area of the hard disk or other storage device as _______ memory. virtual ROM is temporary and volatile, RAM is more permanent and nonvolatile. false _______ is the term used for the components of a digital device designed to hold data permanently. storage Which of the following is an important consideration when evaluating storage options for digital devices? durability, dependability, capacity Which of the following is an example of why hard disk drives are so popular? relatively low cost for lots of storage _________ is the amount of data a storage device can move per second from the storage medium to RAM. data transfer rate _______ storage represents data as microscopic light and dark spots on a disc surface. optical Which optical storage technology stores data permanently on a disc, which cannot be subsequently added to or changed read-only memory cards are typically volatile false A solid state drive can be used as a substitute for a hard disk drive. true Remote storage that is available as an Internet service is called ______ storage. cloud All remote storage is considered to be cloud storage. false Which of the following is NOT drawback of using cloud storage? high price of storage A(n) ___________ is a copy of one or more files that is made in case the originals become damaged. backup, data backup A(n) _____________ contains parts of the operating system necessary to boot your computer and diagnose system problems after a hard drive failure or software malfunction. recovery drive, system repair disc A(n) ___________is a bitforbit copy of the data from all sectors of a hard disk. disk image The term __________ device is used for devices such as printers, display devices, storage devices, mice, and headsets that are connected to the system unit of a computer. peripheral The main circuits on the system board that carry data are called the _________. data bus Ports that expand the options for input, output, and storage, they are commonly called ____________ ports. expansion The part of the data bus that runs between the microprocessor and RAM is called the _______ bus local Which of the following is NOT an example of an expansion port? RAM When a peripheral device is connected or disconnected while the host device is operating, it is called hotplugging true A USB _____ is an inexpensive device that turns one USB port into multiple ports. hub A common wireless technology for connecting peripherals is __________ bluetooth A(n) __________ is software that helps a peripheral device establish communication with its host device. device driver In a display device, response rate is the time it takes for one pixel to change from black to white then back to black. true In a display device, __________ is the distance in millimeters between likecolored LEDs. dot pitch, dp The advantages of LCD screens include display clarity, low radiation emission, portability, and compactness. display clarity, low radiation emission, portability The number of horizontal and vertical pixels that a device displays on the screen is referred to as screen ________. resolution . A graphics card contains a(n)__________ and special video memory, which stores screen images as they are processed but before they are displayed graphics processing unit, GPU . A(n) ____________ printer has a nozzle-like print head that sprays ink onto paper to form characters and graphics ink jet A laser printer has a nozzlelike print head that sprays ink onto paper to form characters and graphics. false