Comp Con Final Questions Chapter 9

Chapter 9: A(n) ____________ system collects, stores, and processes data to provide useful, accurate, and timely information, typically within the context of an organization. information The scope of an information system includes which of the following? All of the above (computers, communications network, and data, people and products, policies and procedures.) A(n) _____________ is a group of people working together to accomplish a goal. organization Every organization has a goal or plan that's referred to as its ___________. mission Information systems designed for a specific industry or enterprise may use vertical market software. true Horizontal market software is designed to meet the needs of a single industry while vertical market software meets the needs of many different industries. false __________ are the people who directly carry out the organization's mission. workers _________ determine organizational goals and plan how to achieve those goals. managers The emphasis on longrange and future goals is referred to as _________ planning strategic Information systems can provide some or all of the data needed for strategic, tactical, but not operational planning. false One of the major functions of an information system is to help people make decisions in response to problems. true In an information system, problems can be classified into three types: structured, ________, and unstructured. semi-structured Which type of problem requires human intuition as the basis for finding a solution. unstructured A(n) ___________ provides a way to collect, process, store, display, modify, or cancel transactions. transaction processing system / TPS / transaction Most modern transaction processing systems use ________ processing—a realtime method in which each transaction is processed as it is entered. online A transaction processing system is characterized by its ability to: (All of the above) collect display, and modify transactions, store transaction, and list transaction Which of the following is not a characteristic of a management information system? collect display and modify transactions A(n) ___________ report contains information that is outside of normal or acceptable ranges exception A(n) ____________ helps people make decisions by directly manipulating data, accessing data from external sources, generating statistical projections, and creating data models of various scenarios. decision support system / DSS / support One type of decision support system, called an executive information system, is designed to provide senior managers with information relevant to ___________ management activities such as setting policies, planning, and preparing budgets. strategic A decision support system derives its name from the fact that it provides the tools a decision maker needs to analyze data true A DSS manipulates the data needed to make a decision as well as making a decision false The process of designing, entering, and testing the rules in an expert system is referred to as __________. knowledge engineering An expert system __________ is a software tool containing an inference engine and a user interface that developers use to enter facts and rules for a knowledge base. shell Expert systems are designed to deal with data that is imprecise or with problems that have more than one solution using a technique called __________. fuzzy logic ____________ refers to business transactions that are conducted electronically over a computer network. ecommerce Which ecommerce classification encompasses online storefronts selling merchandise and services to consumers? B2C Which ecommerce classification encompasses consumers selling merchandise and services to each other? C2C An ecommerce ____________ is the software that handles ecommerce transactions. application An online shopping cart uses _________ to store information about a customer's activities on an ecommerce site cookies On an ecommerce site, After finding a _________ with a cart ID number, the site can display the cart's contents to the customer. cookie A key component of an ecommerce application is an online _________. cart Payment processing is based on an online payment __________ that authorizes credit and debit cards, PayPal, and Apple Pay transactions. gateway At an ecommerce site, the merchant's ecommerce application carries out only the first and last stages of the payment process. true A(n) ___________ is the sequence of organizations, people, activities, information, and resources involved in moving a product or service from supplier to customer. supply chain Technically, a supply chain stretches from raw materials and parts all the way to customer delivery true Businesses use ___________ to maximize efficiency and profitability of their supply chain. SCM / supply chain management / supply The goal of SCM is to supply customers with the right product at the right price true Data for SCM does not necessarily take into account customer demand for products. false In business circles, the galaxy of services that revolve around customers is called ___________. CRM or customer relationship management or relationship Customer __________ programs such as Zappos VIP help attract and retain customers. loyalty A major source of data for CRM is produced by loyalty programs. true _______ applications provide optimal information when they encompass customer support, marketing, and sales. CRM Which of the following is not a core CRM system? payment gateway The acronym ERP stands for enterprise relationship payment. false In addition to sales, CRM, and SCM, ERP modules support business activities such as _____________ (All of the above) product planning, manufacturing and purchasing, and inventory control and distribution The use of several databases is one of ERP's major advantages. false A(n) _____ system can provide such benefits as improved overall performance by standardizing business processes based on best practices or improved access to information from a single database to an enterprise. ERP An information system progresses through several phases as it is developed, used, and finally retired. These phases are usually referred to as the _________. SDLC A(n) _________ SDLC can be used to create and implement a small subset of a system and then enhance it through a series of upgrades. iterative Iterative SDLCs are often referred to as "agile methods" because they allow flexibility as development progresses. true Systems analysis and design is a discipline that focuses on developing information systems according to the phases of an _________. SDLC Iterative SDLCs are often referred to as "______ methods" because they allow flexibility as development progresses. Agile The goal of the planning phase for an information system project is to create a(n) ____________. project development plan The planning phase of a SDLC includes all of the following except _________. writing a requirements report A widely accepted technique called __________ application design is based on the idea that the best information systems are designed when end users and systems analysts work together on a project as equal partners. joint JAD provides a structured methodology for planning and holding a series of meetings in which users and analysts jointly identify problems and look for solutions. true Which of the following is not included in Michael Porter's Five Forces model? supply chain efficiency Which business practice is a technique initiated by top management that involves all employees and all departments, and focuses on quality assurance in every product and service offered to customers? TQM __________ methodology focuses on the processes that take place within an information system. structured Information engineering methodology treats an information system as a collection of objects that interact to accomplish tasks. false Industry standard tools for scheduling and project management include PERT, WBS, and ________. Gantt Charts The goal of the ____________ phase of a SDLC is to produce a list of requirements for a new or revised information system. analysis Which of the following is not part of the analysis phase of a SDLC? develop a project schedule System _________ are the criteria for successfully solving problems identified in an information system. requirements A document called a system requirements report that describes the objectives for the information system. true In DFD terminology, a(n) ____________ entity is a person, an organization, or a device outside the information system that originates or receives data. external In DFD terminology, a data store is a process that changes data by performing a calculation, updating information, or sorting a list. false The current standard for object-oriented documentation is referred to as ______. UML (One type of UML / use case diagram) documents the users of an information system and the functions they perform. Any task an actor performs is called a use _______. case In a DFD / object-oriented documentation, a(n) __________ diagram provides the name of each object, a list of each object's attributes, a list of methods, and an indication of the associations between objects. class A(n) _________ tool is a software application designed for documenting system requirements, diagramming current and proposed information systems, scheduling development tasks, and developing computer programs. CASE In the ________ phase of the SDLC, the project team must figure out how the new system will fulfill the requirements specified in the system requirements report. design The design phase of a SDLC includes all of the following except _________. write requirements report A(n) ____________ system consists of hardware and application software designed to offer a complete information system solution. turnkey An application development tool is essentially a software construction kit containing building blocks that can be assembled into a software product. true Application software for an information system is usually a series of preprogrammed software modules supplied by a software publisher. true Using a ________ support worksheet, the project team can assign scores to each criterion, weight them, and compare totals for all solutions decision During the design phase of a SDLC, if the project team selects a solution that requires custom programming, the team's systems analysts will create a set of ________ specifications. application Detailed application specifications can be developed before or after selecting the hardware and software for an information system. false Proposed changes to application specifications should be managed within a formal process that includes written change _______. requests Some projects fail because of constant, unmanaged demand for changes, often referred to as ________ feature creep In the __________ phase of the SDLC, the project team chooses a solution, selects hardware and software, and designs detailed application specifications. design The implementation phase of a SDLC includes all of the following except _________. obtain approval During the ____________ phase of the SDLC, the project team supervises the tasks necessary to construct the new information system. implementation As the design phase of a SDLC begins, programming languages, development tools, and application software needed for the new information system are purchased, installed, and tested to ensure that they work correctly. false During the ____________ phase, new hardware is purchased, installed, and tested to ensure that it operates correctly. implementation Software ____________ is the process of modifying a commercial application to reflect an organization's needs. customization ____________ testing is the process of trying out various sequences of input values and checking the results to verify that the application works as it was designed. application After unit and integration testing are completed, _________ testing ensures that all hardware and software components work together. system System ___________ describes a system's features, hardware architecture, and programming documentation _________ documentation describes how to interact with the system to accomplish specific tasks. user __________ documentation describes a system's features, hardware architecture, and programming system System documentation contains step-by-step instructions for performing specific tasks false System ____________ refers to the process of deactivating an old information system and activating a new one. conversion Acceptance testing is designed to verify that the new information system works as required. true The maintenance phase of a SDLC includes all of the following except _________. convert data The ____________ phase of the SDLC involves the day-to-day operation of the system, making modifications to improve performance, and correcting problems. maintenance The term quality of service refers to the level of performance a computer system provides. True Three key concepts ensure good quality of service include all of the following except _______ . convertibility A quality-of-service ____________ is a technique used for measuring a specific QoS characteristic. metric Many organizations establish a(n) ____________staffed by technical support specialists who are familiar with the information system's software. help desk A(n) ______________ rating of 150,000 hours means that, on average, a device could function for 150,000 hours before failing. MTBF Common threats to corporate information systems are limited to software failures and security breaches. false Human errors are mistakes made by computer operators. true Acts of war affect only computer systems located on battlefronts. false A(n) ___________ is a specialized facility designed to hold and protect computer systems and data. data center A(n) __________ is where several corporations lease space and equipment to hold and protect their data. colocation center Data centers are designed to proactively reduce the risk of data loss that might occur as a result of a disaster. true Dark data centers are an extension of ___________, which allows system administrators to monitor and manage servers using remote control software. lights-out management A ____________ is a step-by-step description of the methods used to secure data against disaster and a set of guidelines for how an organization will recover lost data and resume operations if and when a disaster occurs. disaster recovery plan A data _________ is an incident in which personal data is viewed, accessed, or retrieved without authorization. breach Hacking accounts for about 90% of data breaches false ___________ is the fraudulent use of someone's personal information to carry out transactions. identity theft Which type of security measure reduces the effect of an attack by using data backups, disaster recovery plans, and the availability of redundant hardware devices? preventive countermeasures Which type of security measure reduces the likelihood of a deliberate attack? deterrents Most states in the US have data breach notification statutes that require corporations to take specific steps if a data breach exposes personally identifiable information. TRUE Once you've released data to an information system, you still have have control of its distribution or its security. false Which of the following is not a step that a data breach victim should take? purchase a new computer or device A(n) _________ informs potential lenders that they must verify the identity of anyone attempting to open an account in your name. fraud alert Fraud alerts interfere with your ability to receive instant credit. false