Eng Tips and Rules for Spelling

ltaNcs indicate a spelling marks indicate a sound Group t Consonants ,a. Consonants - Beginning, Middle, and End Id! - use d when part of a base word, use ed when added to the base word 11.I -· use t when part o! a base word, c1se ed when added !o the base word /;1/ - use f, use ph in Greek technical words - use v at !he beginning and middle, use ve at the end - no English words and in v alone iv/ /z/ - use z at the beginning ol lhe word, s in !he middle and se at the end ol Iha word ,b. More Consonants - Begin sigh! word senlences /kl - use cat the beginning and middle, use/, in ITont of 1, e. ot v to p1·orecl /ki souwl (Superman rule) / - use j at the beginning and middle, use g before e. i ,,, y /j Is/ - uses al !he beginning and middle, use c before e. i. or y (in Iha middle), a! end learn ce & se words; see below lo, ss 1c. Hungry Rule - End oi word (in a one-lap worol, ii lhe short vowel is immediately belore Ille las! sound) - use// ill Ill - use ff - use ss for one syllable words or multisyllable words after a short vowel Is/ - use tch use eh for others: memorize the rich words /eh/ - use dge use ge foe others /j/ /kl - use ck in one tap words, ic in multisyllable words, use k for otr1ers Plurals Rule uses; use es if it forms another syllable, such as bushes, taxes, and catches. Memorize plural of final o, f, and le words. Group 2: R Family /er/ - er is ihe bes! be'1 - or is !he best bet after w, as in work, worry - ur and /rare ihe rest in !he beginning, middle and end - ar is often used at the end after an I in mulii-tap words - or is used after a w (work) or after a;· with a profession (acioi) Bulh1 Rule The vowel suffi" wants !o make !he vowel in Iron! al ii say ;ts name. We mus! protect the base word a! all cosls. This means doubl;ng consonants (as in running) or dropping the finale (as in baker). Group 3: Diphthongs - a,v, ow, oy are tails that go al !he end, we have lo 1-e,-n !hat ow a nd aw oiten go before/, er, or n - fool as in moon: bes! be! is oo; ou is not frequent, all the spellings o! long u can say /oo/ and must be memorized Group 4: Green Spellings (see green light) * begin adding "the rest" to spelling notebook " teach Long Vowel char! - i, I consonant e ara !he bes! ii/ - none - a, a consonant e, ay are the best la.I - ai is !he resi, ,,; is !he bes! before I or n - ue and ui are the rest /u/ - u, u consonant e are the best - oa and oe are !he rest - o, o consonant e are !he bes! fol lei - e, e-e, (ee) are the best - ea is !he rest Group 5: Yellow Spellings (see yellow light on stop sign) ' begin teaching short vowel chart below * Iii - igh is the rest - i, i consonant e, and y are !he bes! /al - ,,; is ·lhe rest, ,,; is the best belore I or n - a, a consonant e, ay ere !he bes! /u/ - ue and u/ are !he rest - u, u consonant e are the best fol - o, o consonant e, and ow are the bes! - oa and oe are the rest - ea is the rest - e, a-e, (ee), and y are !he best lei Ci1 Change You will see (c) y change if you have a consonant y and add a non-I sufiix; they will change to an i. Some long i words are e:roep­ !ions, i.e. shyly, dryly, slyly, shyness, dryness. Ci1 Change Plurals consonan!y +plural= ies, such as candies; parties; no! toys, bays. Group 6: Red Spellings (see red light on stop sign) * finish adding "ihe rest" lo notebook and study sys!smatically • - igh and ie are the res! - i, i consonant e, and y are the bes! IV - a, a consonant e, ay are the best /al - ai, ei, ey, and eigh are !he rest - ue, ui, and eu are !he rest - LI, u consonant e, ancl ew are the best /u/ - oa and oe are the rest /o/ - o, o consonant e, and ow are Iha besi lei - e, e-e, (ee), and y are '!ho, bes! - ea, et, ey, and ie are the ras! The i Belora a Rule use i befora e except a'rter c or when so1.mcled lilrl'J v 1 )1Nt)li;. i, i SiY ig h, te short i ; long a a, a_e (alf or ain), 0. y al, ei, e y; eigh shori a a long e e, e-e, (eef1 JI ea, BI, ey, le shorre • long u u, u_e, ew ue, ui, eu shori u u best in a closed syllable long a 0, 0 9,0llf' F.A.S.T. Leaming, LLC, 2010 Rest Besr Res! Long i a bes!" in an opsn, syllable oa,oe o besr nex(ro·m� n; 11 short o o, wa, qua y ea