University:
East Georgia State College
Course:
HIST 1122 | Survey of Western Civilization II
Academic year:

2022
Views:

302

Pages:

55
Author:

Clint W.

Western countries colonize large areas of Africa and Asia, leading to political and cultural changes. MAIN IDEA: Ignoring the claims of African ethnic groups, kingdoms, and city-states, Europeans established colonies. WHY IT MATTERS NOW: African nations continue to feel the effects of the colonial presence more than 100 years later. European countries colonized areas in Africa south of the Sahara; as a result the local populations were enslaved, exploited, and sometimes exterminated.  Armies, rivers, disease discourage exploration  Imperialism — seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country  Missionaries, explorers, humanitarians reach interior of Africa Three motives behind the European race for colonies. Two technological advantages Europeans had over the Africans. Two factors within Africa that made it vulnerable to conquest. Two outcomes of the Berlin Conference in 1884. Three groups that clashed over territory and resources in South Africa. One outcome of the Boer War. Three motives behind the European race for colonies. Two technological advantages Europeans had over the Africans. Two factors within Africa that made it vulnerable to conquest. Two outcomes of the Berlin Conference in 1884. Three groups that clashed over territory and resources in South Africa. One outcome of the Boer War.  Race for colonies grows out of national pride  Racism: belief that one race is better than others  Social Darwinism: survival of the fittest applied to human society I contend that we [Britons] are the first race in the world, and the more of the world we inhabit, the better it is for the human race. … It is our duty to seize every opportunity of acquiring more territory and we should keep this one idea steadily before our eyes that more territory simply means more of the Anglo-Saxon race, more of the best, the most human, most honorable race the world possesses. — Cecil Rhodes, Confession of Faith, 1887 1A – Is Cecil Rhodes in favor of or opposed to imperialism, and what rationale does he give for his stance. 1B – What one idea does Rhodes think Great Britain should be focused on? Three motives behind the European race for colonies. Two technological advantages Europeans had over the Africans. Two factors within Africa that made it vulnerable to conquest. Two outcomes of the Berlin Conference in 1884. Three groups that clashed over territory and resources in South Africa. One outcome of the Boer War.  Technological inventions like steam engine, Maxim gun help conquest  Perfection of quinine protects Europeans from malaria Three motives behind the European race for colonies. Two technological advantages Europeans had over the Africans. Two factors within Africa that made it vulnerable to conquest. Two outcomes of the Berlin Conference in 1884. Three groups that clashed over territory and resources in South Africa. One outcome of the Boer War.  Within Africa, Africans are divided by language and culture  Various groups were easy to set against each other. What does this map say about African resistance to imperialism? Three motives behind the European race for colonies. Two technological advantages Europeans had over the Africans. Two factors within Africa that made it vulnerable to conquest. Two outcomes of the Berlin Conference in 1884. Three groups that clashed over territory and resources in South Africa. One outcome of the Boer War.  14 nations agree on rules for division (1884– 85): countries must claim land and prove ability to control it  By 1914, only Liberia and Ethiopia are free of European control Three motives behind the European race for colonies. Two technological advantages Europeans had over the Africans. Two factors within Africa that made it vulnerable to conquest. Two outcomes of the Berlin Conference in 1884. Three groups that clashed over territory and resources in South Africa. One outcome of the Boer War. Zulus Fight the British  British defeat Zulus and gain control of Zulu nation in 1887 Boers and British Settle in the Cape  Boers, or Dutch farmers, take Africans’ land, establish large farms  Boers clash with British over land, slaves move north to escape British The Boer War  Boer War between British, Boers begins in 1899  British win; Boer republics united in Union of South Africa (1910) Three motives behind the European race for colonies. Two technological advantages Europeans had over the Africans. Two factors within Africa that made it vulnerable to conquest. Two outcomes of the Berlin Conference in 1884. Three groups that clashed over territory and resources in South Africa. One outcome of the Boer War. 6A – What do you think the arms in this cartoon are meant to depict? 6B – What does the representation of England suggest about the cartoonist’s view of British imperialism? MAIN IDEA: European nations expanded their empires by seizing territories from Muslim states. WHY IT MATTERS NOW: Political events in this vital resource area are still influenced by actions from the imperialistic period. In the 18th and 19th Centuries, the political and economic power of the Islamic countries was overwhelmed by European colonialism. Death of Suleyman • Series of weak rulers, corruption, decline Rise of Nationalism • Inspired Greeks, Serbs and others to fight Ottomans Geopolitics • Wanted control of Ottoman Empire because of location Suez Canal • Egypt had to turn to France to finance Discovery of oil in Persia • Granted access to Britain and Russia to finance Death of Suleyman • Series of weak rulers, corruption, decline Rise of Nationalism • Inspired Greeks, Serbs and others to fight Ottomans Geopolitics • Wanted control of Ottoman Empire because of location Suez Canal • Egypt had to turn to France to finance Discovery of oil in Persia • Granted access to Britain and Russia to finance Death of Suleyman • Series of weak rulers, corruption, decline Rise of Nationalism • Inspired Greeks, Serbs and others to fight Ottomans Geopolitics • Wanted control of Ottoman Empire because of location Suez Canal • Egypt had to turn to France to finance Discovery of oil in Persia • Granted access to Britain and Russia to finance Death of Suleyman • Series of weak rulers, corruption, decline Rise of Nationalism • Inspired Greeks, Serbs and others to fight Ottomans Geopolitics • Wanted control of Ottoman Empire because of location Suez Canal • Egypt had to turn to France to finance Discovery of oil in Persia • Granted access to Britain and Russia to finance Russia’s desire for warm water port (first nurses, first journalists) Death of Suleyman • Series of weak rulers, corruption, decline Rise of Nationalism • Inspired Greeks, Serbs and others to fight Ottomans Geopolitics • Wanted control of Ottoman Empire because of location Suez Canal • Egypt had to turn to France to finance Discovery of oil in Persia • Granted access to Britain and Russia to finance THE SUEZ CANAL  Man made canal connecting the Red Sea with the Mediterranean Sea Huge importance to trade and military  French help finance the building of the canal. Egypt is unable to pay even the interest on the $450 project British insist on overseeing financial control Death of Suleyman • Series of weak rulers, corruption, decline Rise of Nationalism • Inspired Greeks, Serbs and others to fight Ottomans Geopolitics • Wanted control of Ottoman Empire because of location Suez Canal • Egypt had to turn to Britain to finance Discovery of oil in Persia • Granted access to Britain and Russia to finance MAIN IDEA: As the Mughal Empire declined, Britain seized Indian territory and soon controlled almost the whole subcontinent. WHY IT MATTERS NOW: India, the second most populated nation in the world, has its political roots in this colony. British Rule in India  Colonialism leads to Imperialism British East India Company Sepoys  “Jewel in the Crown”  Railroads and Plantation Crops  British Economic Control  Sepoy Mutiny  Indian Nationalism Partition Racism Call for self-government Westernization MAIN IDEA: Demand for Asian products drove Western imperialists to seek possession of Southeast Asian lands. WHY IT MATTERS NOW: Southeast Asian independence struggles in the 20th century have their roots in this period of imperialism. 1 • What happened as a result of the Opium War? 2 • What was the Taiping Rebellion? 3 • How did foreigners begin to gain control over China? 4 • What was the Boxer Rebellion?

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