Earth Science Chapter 1 Quiz

EAR 105 Chapter 1 quiz 1. Identify the FALSE statement. Scientific cosmology: Proves the Big Bang Theory. 2. The heliocentric model: Was supported by Johannes Keplers observation that planets follow an elliptical orbit. 3. After reclassification in 2005, Pluto is no longer classified as a planet because it: Has not cleared its orbit of other matter. 4. Our Solar System: Completes one rotation around the center of the MilkyWay every 250 million years. 5. Idenitfy the false statement: Asteroids Orbit in a belt between Jupter and Saturn. 6. Identify the TRUE statement: The composition of the giant (Jovian) planets is mainly gas and “ice”. 7. If the star Alpha Centauri, 4.37 light-years distant from the earth were to explode this instant, when would we be aware of this event? 4.37 years from now. 8. Jupiter, Saturn, and Neptune are: Jovian Planets 9. How far is the sun away from earth? 8.3 light minutes 10. A swinging pendulum, such as the one shown in the image below, rotates about a vertical acis once every 24 hours because of earth’s rotation about its axis 11. Imagine that the light you observe from space is exhibiting a blue shift. This would mean that the Universe : is collapsing. 12. Select the FALSE statement. The Doppler effect: occurs when the pitch of a sound will get higher if the source is receding. 13. Identify the FALSE statement. The Big Bang: is the explanation for how our Solar System developed. 14. Identify the FALSE statement. The expanding Universe theory: is supported by the fact that all galaxies exhibit a blue shift 15. The earliest nebulae to form in the Universe was made almost entirely of: hydrogen and helium 16. The image below of Tritium and Deuterium: shows two atoms combing during nuclear fusion. 17. Identify the FALSE statement, the Big Bang theory states that: the process of atom creation, termed Big Bang nucleosythesis, produced all known natural elements. 18. Identify the FALSE statement, differentiation of large planetesimals and protoplanets: was inhibited by the presence of radioactive elements because their decay absorbs heat from the surroundings. 19. The heavier elements on Earth (those with atomic numbers greater than 5): are formed by stellar nucleosynthesis during the life cycles of existing stars 20. Earth is round because: its interior rock is warm enough to flow slowly in response to gravity. 21. Our moon: was formed by the collision of Earth with a Mars-sized protoplanet. 22. Identify the FALSE statement. Stars: all explode cataclysmically when they die and contribute their matter to future star generations 23. Identify the FALSE statement. Stellar nucleosynthesis: produces elements up to atomic number 26 (iron) in low-mass stars like our sun 24. Identify the FALSE statement: our Universe is so old there are no first-generation stars left in it 25. Identify the FALSE statement A stellar wind consists of the debris that is exploded out of a star as it dies 26. Identify the FALSE statement. You could summarize our solar system’s development by saying: it formed solely from atoms generated by the Big Bang. 27. Fusion reactions happen at a slower rate: in smaller stars than in bigger ones 28. Our sun: is less than 5 billion years old. 29. The solar wind: blew light, gaseous elements out of the inner solar system 30. Which of the following did not add to the gases that formed Earth’s earliest atmosphere? Solar wind