University:
Eastern Kentucky University
Course:
AST 135 | Introductory Astronomy
Academic year:

2023
Views:

409

Pages:

1
Author:

Maverick Martin

Called as the evening star when in the west after sunset, and as the morning star when in the east before sunrise Circular satellite velocity needed on Earth for satellites to orbit around the planet 8 km/s (17,500 mi/h) Venus Copernicus described his heliocentric model ideas in this book published in 1543 De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (On the Revolution of Celestial Orbs) Generally, asteroids have orbits with ____ semimajor axes than do comets smaller (majority of asteroids lie in the asteroid belt, thus smaller orbit = smaller semimajor axis) He appeared before the Inquisition and was put into house arrest due to his heliocentric model being heretical Few people ever notice it in the sky because it never moves very far from the Sun (never moves more than 28° away in the sky) Galileo discovered these celestial objects using his self-made telescope, which proved that Earth could revolve the Sun while Moon's revolving around it without being left behind Jupiter's four moons (Ganymede, Callisto, Europa, Io) Greatest contributions of Galileo were in what field of study? Half the distance from the center of the ellipse to one end Mechanics Semimajor axis He believed that celestial spheres were real, solid objects moved by gods and beyond this sphere there was nothing (not even an empty space), believing the universe is a finite sphere He claimed that comets were optical phenomena (making their parallaxes impossible to measure). This hypothesis of his was not widely accepted Aristotle Galileo Galilei larger; greater (e = 0.8 or higher) Mercury Galileo Galilei He showed that rest is no more natural than motion, arguing that force is required not to start motion but to stop it as well Comets generally have orbits of _____ size and ____ eccentricity than those of asteroids He studied how free falling or rolling down objects have uniform acceleration, gaining equal increments in speed in equal intervals of time Galileo Galilei Galileo Galilei He was able to determine that the published tables of Ptolemy on the position of the planets varied from his actual observations Tycho Brahe