Vocabulary: Paramecium Homeostasis

University:
Eastern Kentucky University
Course:
GLY 302 | Earth Science
Academic year:

2024
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2
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Vocabulary: Paramecium Homeostasis Vocabulary  Adaptation – a trait that is helpful to an organism.  Cell mouth – opening through which food passes into the gullet of a paramecium. o   The cell mouth is also known as the “mouth pore.” Cilia – hair-like organelles used for locomotion that cover the surface of some cells. o A paramecium moves forward when its cilia beat backward and vice versa. o Cilia are also used to move fluids or small solid objects over a surface. Concentration – a measure of how much of a given substance is mixed with another substance. o In the Paramecium Homeostasis Gizmo, the solute is salt and the solvent is water. o To measure the percentage concentration of a solution, divide the mass of the solute by the mass of the solvent, and then multiply by 100. o Seawater has an average salt concentration (salinity) of 3.5%.  Contractile vacuole – an organelle that pumps excess water or other wastes from a cell.  Food vacuole – a sac in which food is stored and digested.  Homeostasis – the maintenance of stable conditions inside the body in spite of changing external or internal conditions. o Thermoregulation (keeping a stable body temperature) is an example of homeostasis. o Other examples of homeostasis include keeping a constant level of oxygen in the blood, regulating blood sugar, and preventing the buildup of waste products in the body.  Hypertonic – a solution with a higher solute concentration than the solution on the other side of a membrane.  Hypotonic – a solution with a lower solute concentration than the solution on the other side of a membrane.  Macronucleus – the larger of two nuclei present in paramecia and other protozoa. o The macronucleus contains hundreds of chromosomes. o The macronucleus controls everyday functions of the paramecium. 2019  Micronucleus – the smaller of two nuclei present in paramecia and other protozoa. o  Oral groove – a cilia-lined channel that leads to the cell mouth and gullet of a paramecium. o  The micronucleus also contains chromosomes and is involved in sexual reproduction amongst paramecia and other protozoa. The cilia beat in unison to sweep food (usually bacteria) into the cell mouth. Osmosis – the movement of solvent molecules across a semipermeable membrane from an area of higher solvent concentration to an area of lower solvent concentration. o Osmosis often refers to the flow of water molecules across a cell membrane.  Paramecium – a single-celled, oval-shaped protozoan that uses cilia for locomotion.  Solute – a substance that is dissolved in another substance to form a solution. o  Solution – a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances. o o  In seawater, the solute is salt. Solutions generally consist of a solute that is dissolved into a solvent.  Solvents are generally liquids.  Solutes can be solids, liquids, or gases. Examples of solutions include salt water, sugar water, and seltzer. Solvent – a liquid or gas that dissolves a solute to form a solution. o In seawater, the solvent is water. 2019

Vocabulary: Paramecium Homeostasis

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