Campylobacter Reference Materials

University:
Franklin University
Course:
BIO-201 | Introductory Biology I
Academic year:

2020
Views:

189

Pages:

23
Author:

LunarLuminary

Campylobacters causes important zoonotic infections History of Campylobacter  First isolated as Vibrio fetus in 1909 from spontaneous abortions in livestock.  Campylobacter enteritis was not recognize until the mild-1970s when selective isolation media were developed for culturing campylobacters from human feces  Most common form of acute infectious diarrhea in developed countries: Higher incidence than Salmonella & Shigella combined General characteristics common to superfamily  Gram-negative  Helical (Spiral or curved) morphology, Tend to be pleomorphic  Characteristics that facilitate penetration and colonization of mucosal environments (e.g., motile by polar flagella; corkscrew shape)  Microaerophilic atmospheric requirements  Become coccoid when exposed to oxygen or upon prolonged culture  Neither ferment nor oxidize carbohydrate Campylobacter jejuni  Bacteria commonly found in animal feces. It is one of the most common causes of human gastroenteritis in the world. Food poisoning caused by Campylobacter species can be severely debilitating, but is rarely lifethreatening. It has been linked with subsequent development of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), which usually develops two to three weeks after the initial illness. Morphology & physiology of Campylobacter  Small, thin (0.2-0.5 um × 0.5-5.0 um), helical (spiral & curved) cells with typical gram negative cell wall; Gull-winged appearance  Tendency to form coccoid & elongated forms on prolonged culture or when exposed to O2 Motility a darting type  Distinctive rapid darting motility  Long sheathed polar flagellum at one (polar) or both (bipolar) ends of the cell  Motility slows quickly in wet mount preparation Growth requirements  Microaerophililic & capnophilic 5% O2, 10%CO2, 85% N2  Thermophilic (42-43 ˚C) (Except C.fetus)  Body temperature of natural avian reservoir  Many become nonculturable in nature Important zoonotic infection  Campylobacter remains the leading cause worldwide of zoonotic disease in humans, surpassing Salmonella infections. Moreover, causes are still believed to be underreported. Often causing the same symptoms as Salmonella, such as mild to sever diarrhea,Campylobacter infections can also be an infections triggers for the more serious Guillain- Barre Syndrome. C. jejuni carried in …  Although C.jejuni is not carried by healthy individuals in the United stats or Europe, it is often isolated from healthy cattle, chickens, birds and even flies. It is sometimes present in non-chlorinated water sources such as streams and ponds. Characteristics of C.jejuni Pathogenesis and immunity  [c) 2. Pre-invasion _ , • 1-h · - · II 3. 1 . Perijun ·onal a.dhefffll£!1:il � :;ampylabac.te.r jtf:jufli · rmalicm or •. • T-based IITI€mbr.ane· extensiorn 4. E, docytasis via • acUi.1allo:n u !\pk:al siurtace ll'ea�-colonic epithelial oells- \i.. . ------- s. Vacuol Basola,teral _____.:r Sl!Jlrface Baote al se eliorn of im.raslo11 effaelors triggers. '"' Pihosplloryfa Jon of nine hOS. • IP roteins ,., A.cU)1,Rlitlo:n of P�-3 lllilriase ,., Release oi C8i2+ irom nlra,cellular slo -es · . Basolat,,ua I ion :I � I Ml cell Paya-r's patch - .......---. . . . Q)· ---------- 8. CDli-1 ce�I death and I L-8 releas,e IIL-B Lumi'na1 vecrui i �menl of 'PMNs ILymptl,O,C,yte e , nlistment: -�irorn lamirna p,rop ,a 6 •• Exo cytosls ..- _ • � . _· . _ _ ·. ► _- ._ • 9. Uplake inll:O monocyt,e/macropha.ge " .D"s.semi'netion to - h test nal ,1 nodes Putative virulence factor Other species of campylobacters Other species of campylobacters Laboratory diagnosis Laboratory identification Culture Selective Medium  Prevention, Treatment & Control Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS)  Low incidence potential sequela  Reactive, self-limited, autoimmune disease  Campylobacter jejuni most frequent antecedent pathogen  Immune response to specific O-antigens cross-reacts with ganglioside surface components of peripheral nerves (molecular or antigenic mimicry) Complication of C.jejuni