Brain Stem Nuclei (Internal Structure)

Brainstem nuclei Cinternal structure) Nuclet of Brain stem & Moter, sensory, Alutonomic, and others •Motor nuclei in Medulla and Pantine? Medial column Geveral allorent (GISA) •In Medulla: Hypoglossal nucleus (CNXII) Firecrated supplies muscles of tongue Lesion in this muclens causes atrophy in the tongue & devaltior of the mandible to the some side •In Pons : Abducens n. (CNS) -innenotes the extraocular muscle (prond the eyeball): Lateral rectus Lession in this nucleus causes a medial Strabismus (medial movement & the eye) Lateral column & Special Visceral Elfferent (SVE • Ambigus nucleus -is the origin of the MOTOR part of (Bilateral) three للا CNS: CMX (accessoryn, vajus n., Gleephen -Nerve fibers of this nucles innervate muschy 4 pharynx, Larynx be soft Palate -Lision in nudeus. couses problem with Swallowing, deviation of the palate to the other Side (BC. the lesion happens on the polate musdess of the same side so paralysing them So the deviatten hoppens in the other side), dis arteria in the vocal cords (speaking pr Vayus - Galossopharungeal n. innervates 1 muscle in the pharynx which is Stylopharyngens. -Accessory nerve has two parts: Spinal Cranial parts. The corial part usually joins with kagus nerve. net on independent nerve. *Ambigus nucleus is mostly dedicated to the Vagus n (bc only 1 muscle is inmnald by GDSsophirangeal 2., and accessory vn is not an independent n.) **Test for vagus n. is dysphagia (swallowing problems). (moker part) Facial nucleus (CNIⅢ) (located in Pons) : -Innervates facial muscles (minic mascles of facial expression), and Stapedius muscle & the middle ear -Lesion of this nucleus causes Plasia in mimic muscles, so deviation of the one side of the face, and Hyper acousin (Sensiling) -Reason for such lesion is either a Vascular prodem in the pans, or a Pathway to disorder called Bell's palsy which is PayPalsy in mimic muscles caused by infection or inflammation in the pathway. -Infection or inflammation in the face of Skull causes a temporary plasia in the face called Bell's Palsy. Mostly in army Soldiers because infections spread over big halls where they all sleep -Another reason for this palsy is a surgery in the middle ear (be the facial n. passes in the middle ear so it might have been infected during surgery. -NILAI- *Four CN's have an autonomic part: CNI, VII, DW, lesion of the facial nucleus also causes S tsonselinly of hearing to increase sensainty to voice (hyper acousia) •Trigeminal modor nucleus CND):- Innervates muscles of mastication which are: Hedial & Lateral Pterygoid, deviaten the forty Temporalis and Hasseter. Also Tensor Tympani muscles and some other muscles - lesion in the Trigeminal MOTOR nucines Causes Plesia in Mastication. muscles (chewing problems) & devidio of the Mandible to the other side - There won't be a problem in hearing if & a lesion happens boc Teaser Tympani muscle is not significant for hearing Medial Column (GSE) •In Hid brain: Troclear nucleus CNII Innervates one of the extroculer muscles Superior oblique m. • Oculomotor nucleus CNII - Ihrer vates the remaining extraocular muscles: medial, inferior, Superior Reclises & inferior oblique & Superior palpebral. -Lesion in talerad oclumolor nucleus causes lateral Strabismus. *In Medial blateral strabismus, we see diplopedia (scing two things instead of one)