The Trail Guide to the Body Introduction

The trail guide to the body introduction Side 2-18 Bilder og oppgaver fra student work book Page 2-17 1. What are the "trail markers" that will help you locate the muscles and tendons? - Bony landmarks. 2. Since there are different body types and the terrain is never the same, explain how one "body map" could apply to them all. - Even though the topography shape and proportions are unique, the composition and structures are identical. 3. What does "palpation" mean? - To examine or explore by touching an organ or area of the body 4. Palpation is an art and skill that involves locating a structure, becoming aware of its characteristics, and assessing its quality 5. Laying one hand on the other allows the bottom hand to stay receptive while the top hand directs movement and depth 6. Name three way palpation can be made easier by "working smart". - Read the information, visualize the trail, verbalize what you are doing, locate the structure, read aloud from the textbooks, be patient until you locate 7. When outlining the shape or edge of a bone, it is best to roll your fingers across, rather than along its surface. 8. if the structure you are palpating is moving, your hands should stay still 9. When a movement is performed by your partner it is called active movement and when you partner relaxes and allows you to do the movement, it is called passive movement 10. In trail guide to the body, resisted movements are used to distinguish the lengths, shapes and edges of different muscles and tendons. 11. As you improve you palpatory skills, what are three qualities or principles you will want to practice? - Move slowly, avoid excessive pressure and be aware (be present) 12. Skeletal muscle is composed of nerves, blood vessels, muscle cells and connective tissue 13. A muscles connective tissue layers merge at either end of the muscle to form a strong tendon 1 Snapshot.png 319 kB page 2-17 1. The muscle that carries out an action is called the agonist, whereas the muscle that resists this action is the antagonist 2. Please name the three physical characteristics which help to distinguish muscle from other tissues - Striated texture, direction of the muscle, muscle can be contracted or relaxed 3. To distinguish a tendon from a ligament, explore its attachments and variable tension 4. Name three types of connective tissue that are palpable. - tendon, periostum, adipose, ligament, aponeurosis, fascia and retinaculum 5. Fascia is a continuous sheet of fibrous membrane located beneath the skin 6. A sharp shooting sensation felt locally or down the corresponding appendage during palpation may be caused by compression impingement of a nerve Matching 1. Adipose     - tissue with a gelatinous consistency 2. Aponeurosis - a broad flat tendon 3. Artery       - a vessel in which a pulse can be felt 4. Bone        - easy to distinguish by its solid feel 5. Bursa        - a small, fluid-filled sack that reduces friction between two structures 6. Fascia       - Two types - superficial and deep fascia 7. Ligament    - a structure connecting bones together at a joint 8. Lymph node - bean-shaped, ranging in size from a pea to an almond-sized 9. Muscle      - a voluntary contractile tissue that moves the skeleton 10. Nerve       - a tube-shaped vessel that becomes tender when compressed 11. Retinaculum - a transverse thickening of deep fascia, strapping down tendons 12. Skin         - the largest organ in the body 13. Tendon      - attaches muscle to bone 14. Vein         - a vessel easily seen on the dorsal surface of the hand Snapshot.png 777 kB 2 side 10-11 1. Epidermis 2. dermis 3. Arrecto pili muscle 4. Sweat gland 5. hair follicle 6. Blood vessels 7. Muscle fiber 8. endomysium 9. perimysium 10. epimysium 11. bone 12. bloos vessels 13. neurovascular bundle 14. tendon 15. periosteum 3 side 12, 34 1. Fusiform 2. multipennate 3. sphincter 4. bipennate 5. triangular 6. unipennate 7. gliding 8. hinge 4 9. ellipsoid 10. pivot 11. ball and socket 12. saddle side 14 1. Muscle tissue 2. Bone 3. Periosteum 5 4. interosseous membrane 5. deep fascia 6. adipose (fatty) tissue 7. superficial fascia 8. skin 9. deep fascia 6