Solutions for Lecture 14: Valence Bond Theory and Hybridization | Answer Key - Edubirdie

University:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Course:
5.111SC | Principles of Chemical Science
Academic year:

2022
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379

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1
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algumlimitative

LECTURE 14 1. For the DNA bases below, assign the hybridization and geometry to (a) the nitrogen atoms in cytosine, and (b) the carbon atoms in adenine. (Note that the lone pairs are not pictured.) H N a HC NH2 O C C HC N a N b C HC N CH b C N NH2 d C e N H c c adenine cytosine (a) Na: sp3, trigonal pyramidal, Nb: sp2, bent, Nc :sp3, trigonal pyramidal (b) All of the carbon atoms are sp2, trigonal planar. 2. Identify the hybridization of the underlined atom in each of the following molecules: (a) H2CCCH2 (b) H3CCH3 (c) CH3NNN (d) CH3COOH. (a) H2CCCH2 : sp 3. (b) H3CCH3: sp3 (c) CH3NNN: sp (d) CH3COOH: sp2 In her video, Stefanie Sydlik describes her MIT graduate work on designing sensors for undetonated landmines and other explosives. Her sensors detect cyclohexanone and acetone, molecules used in the purification of explosives. Note that lone pairs are not pictured in the structures below. Oc O H 2C C b CH2 C H 3C H 2C H a C CH2 H CH 3 acetone cyclohexanone (a) For cyclohexanone, write the hybridization of Ca, Cb, and Oc. (b) For each bond in acetone, indicate whether it is a s or p bond, and identify the orbitals that contribute to the bond. For example, there are six s(C2sp3, H1s) bonds. (a) Ca is sp3; Cb is sp2; Oc is sp2 (b) In addition to the six s(C2sp3, H1s) bonds, there are two s(C2sp3, C2sp2) bonds and a C=O double consisting of a s(C2sp2, O2sp2) and a π(C2px, O2px) [or π(C2px, O2px)] bond.

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