University:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Course:
6.012 | Microelectronic Devices and Circuits
Academic year:

2019
Views:

298

Pages:

7
Author:

Ragaven5m

Recitation 25 CMOS Cascade Ampliﬁer 6.012 Spring 2009 Recitation 25: CMOS Cascade Ampliﬁer Last week, we talked about a particular example of multi-stage ampliﬁer: CS-CB cascode ampliﬁer. We used BJT/CMOS in the circuit (BICMOS) Today we will look at the CMOS cascode ampliﬁer with some speciﬁc requirement on Rout , and see how to generate Isup and VB This is a CS-CG CMOS cascode ampliﬁer. It has • Rin ∞ • Rout very high (compare to CS only) • Very good frequency response (close to CG, better than CS) 1 Recitation 25 CMOS Cascade Ampliﬁer 6.012 Spring 2009 Example: Device Data VT p = −1 V μp Cox = 25 μA/V2 λp = 0.02 V−1 VT n = 1 V μn Cox = 50 μA/V2 , λn = 0.05 V−1 , L = 2 μm Goal: • design transconductance ampliﬁer with Gm = 1 mS, Rout ≥ 10 MΩ, Rin = ∞. • With 5 V power supply, 2 μm CMOS process. • output drives other CMOS (capacitive load). • Use Isup = 100 μA. Small signal model of the circuit Rin = ∞ Rout2 Overall Gm ∵ Gm Solve for w1 , w1 = γoc ||(γo2 + γo2 · gm Rs ) = γoc ||(γo2 · gm2 · γo1 )) Rs = γo1 γo1 gm1 vgs1 γ + 1 o1 g vout −iin2 m2 = = = = gm1 vs vs vs w = gm1 = 1 mS =⇒ gm1 = 2 μn Cox ID = 1 mS L 1 2 ·L gm1 (1 mS)2 · (2 μm) 1 = = = 200 μm 2 × 100 μA · 50 μA/V2 2ID μn Cox This is design on M1. 2 Recitation 25 CMOS Cascade Ampliﬁer 6.012 Spring 2009 M2: output resistance requirement determines size of M2 Rout γoc ||(gm2 · γo2 · γo1 ) ≥ 10 MΩ Assume both γoc , gm2 · γo2 · γo1 are on the same order, γoc gm2 · γo2 · γo1 =⇒ gm2 · γo1 · γo2 ≥ 20 MΩ 1 1 λn = 0.05 V−1 =⇒ γo1 = γo2 = = = 200 kΩ −1 λ n ID (0.05 V )(100 μA) gm2 · (200 kΩ)(200 kΩ) ≥ 20 MΩ =⇒ gm2 ≥ 5 × 10−4 S = 0.5 mS w w 2ID μn Cox =⇒ = 25, w2 = 50 μm gm2 = L 2 L 2 Current Source Design Now how to design current source Isup so that γoc ≥ 20 MΩ? Yesterday we talked about simple MOS current source =⇒ need to cascode circuit for current source. Add a current buﬀer (CG) for high Rout Source resistance of current supply 3 Recitation 25 CMOS Cascade Ampliﬁer 6.012 Spring 2009 Rcurrent source = Rout of CG = (gm4 · γo4 ) · γo3 Rs = gm4 · 500 kΩ · 500 kΩ ≥ 20 MΩ Need gm4 , which is determined by size M4 Size of M3 and M4 is related to VG3 and VG4 to bias these gates, M3 and M4 need to be in saturation regime: VSD > VSG + VTp ChooseVSG = 1.5 V =⇒ minimumVSD = (1.5 − 1), V = 0.5 V (If we choose smaller VSG , we will need larger device w L to carry 100 μA) with VSG = 1.5 V =⇒ VG3 = 3.5 V and VG4 = 2 V w μp Cox (VSG + VTp )2 = 100 μA Since |IDP | 2L 2|IDp | 64 = = 32 = L 3,4 μp Cox (VSG + VTp )2 2 w μp Cox (VSG + VTp ) = 0.4 mS gm4 = L (Size of M3B & M4B should be the same as for M4 and M3, helps in matching current ﬂow). Then Rcurrentsource = gm4 · γo4 · γo3 = (0.4 mS)(500 kΩ)(500 kΩ) = 100 MΩ > 20 MΩ 4 Recitation 25 CMOS Cascade Ampliﬁer 6.012 Spring 2009 What does the design look like so far? =⇒ Need voltage source for VB . Use diode connected NMOS (M2B) between IREF and PMOS 5 Recitation 25 CMOS Cascade Ampliﬁer Make M2B same size as M2, w L 2B 6.012 Spring 2009 = 50/2 and: VGS2 = VGS2B = VTn + 6 2IREF w L 2 μn Cox = 1.4 V Recitation 25 CMOS Cascade Ampliﬁer 6.012 Spring 2009 Output Voltage Swing upswing : VSD4 Since VS4 down swing : VDS2 Since VS2 =⇒ M4 must stay in saturation regime ≥ VSG4 + VTp =⇒ VSD4 ≥ 1.5 V − 1 V = 0.5 V = 3.5 V =⇒ VD4 ≤ 3 V M2 must stay in saturation regime ≥ VGS2 − VTn , VDS2 ≥ 1.4 V − 1.0 V = 0.4 V = 0.6 V, VD2 ≥ 1 V Swing is 1.0 V ≤ Vout ≤ 3.0 V 7