6.541J/24.968J/HST710J Speech Communication 1 Problem Set 7 Solutions Problem 1 a) Verb past tense ending 3rd person singular ending want pass preach play laugh breathe rinse raid lag wish please wanted passed preached played laughed breathed rinsed raided lagged wished pleased / d/ /t/ /t/ /d/ /t/ /d/ /t/ / d/ /d/ /t/ /d/ wants passes preaches plays laughs breathes rinses raids lags wishes pleases /s/ / z/ / z/ /z/ /s/ /z/ / z/ /z/ /z/ / z/ / z/ We see that for verbs ending in “t” and “d”, the ending / d/ is added for past tense. For all the other verbs, if the ending sound of the verb is voiced, /d/ is added, and /t/ is added for voiceless ones. Our goal is to use a minimal/simplest set of rules to satisfy all these conditions. Solution 1) Past tense => [ d] / [t] / [d] +coronal -continuant - voice #______ #______ #______ (interpretation: to make a verb plural, add / d/ if its end is +coronal and -continuant. If the ending is not +coronal and -continuant, and it is not voiced, add /s/, otherwise add /z/. Note the order of [z] and [s] can be exchanged without affecting the result.) b) To form 3rd person singular, 1) => / +strident #_____ +coronal (tongue blade) 2) [z] / [+voice] #_____ 3) [s] / [-voice] #_____ 2 (Interpretation: add a / / sound if the verb ends in a +strid, +cor consonant. After that is done, if the verb ends in +voiced, add [z], else add [s]. Note: the order of the rules matter) Problem 2: Only rule C applies to the vowel alternations. Problem 3: 290; 97

6.541J Speech Communication, Problem Set 7 Solutions

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