TEAS Science Practice Test Guide

TEAS practice test (science portion) 1. Breakdown of what begins in the small intes- Fats tine? a) protein b) fats c) fiber d) carbohydrates 2. In geology, what is considered a significant A paradigm shift departure from previous ideas? a) ideology b) theoretical refinement c) a paradigm shift d) model adjustment 3. What describes the increase in alleles that Adaptation permits a species to survive and reproduce better in an environment from generation to generation? a) DNA b) Genetic drift c) Mutation d) adaptation 4. What nervous systems directs the bodies flight or flight response? a) peripheral b) central c) parasympathetic d) sympathetic 5. What is used in quantitative investigations? Numerical information a) sensory information b) numerical information c) phenomenological research d) ethnographic research 6. Which of the following taxonomic ranks is the Phylum most general? Order, genus, phylum, family a) order 1 / 26 Sympathetic b) genus c) phylum d) family 7. Water undergoes relatively minor tempera- High specific heat and high ture and phase changes compared to other heat of vaporization substances due to both its what? a) low specific heat and low vaporization b) low specific heat and high heat vaporization c) high specific heat and low heat of vaporization d) high specific heat and high heat of vaporization 8. What is an example of hydrocarbons contain- C4H8 ing double bonds? a) C2H6 b) C4H8 c) C6H10 d) C8H12 9. What represents the correct order of scientif- Hypothesis, data, analysis ic process? a) hypothesis, data, analysis b) hypothesis, analysis, data c) data, hypothesis, analysis d) data, analysis, hypothesis 10. What organ system supplies the body cells with oxygen and nutrients? a) cardiovascular b) digestive c) nervous d) immune Cardiovascular 11. Through what does blood pass after leaving Pulmonary artery the right ventricle during contraction of the heart? a) aorta 2 / 26 b) pulmonary artery c) vena cava d) mitral valve 12. What organ system supplies the body with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide? a) integumentary b) endocrine c) respiratory d) renal Respiratory 13. What is responsible for the peristalsis that occurs in the digestive tract? a) smooth muscle b) skeletal muscle c) connective tissue d) subcutaneous tissue Smooth muscle 14. A proton should have what two characteris- An opposite charge and a tics when compared to the charge and the larger mass mass of an electron? a) the same charge and the same mass b) the same charge and larger mass c) an opposite charge and same mass d) an opposite charge and larger mass 15. The spine is part of what system? a) lymphatic b) nervous c) skeletal d) endocrine Skeletal 16. If two gases (A and B) that have detectable Gas B has a higher density odors and the same temperature are released than Gas A simultaneously on one side of a room, and the odor of Gas A is noticed one minute before that of Gas B, what conclusion can be made? a) gas A has higher density than gas B b) gas B has higher density than gas A c) The opening in the container of Gas A is 3 / 26 larger than that of Gas B d) The opening in the container of Gas B is larger than that of Gas A 17. What describes a substance that is complete- Strong acid ly ionized in its solution and has a pH of 2? a) strong acid b) strong base c) weak acid d) weak base 18. What organs are immune cells produced ? a) tonsils b) spleen c) lymph nodes d) bone marrow Bone marrow 19. A research student is determining the pollen Multiple decimeter squares count for a 24-hour period in a given location. for one morning and one The students data would be most reliable if afternoon he decided to count the pollen in what? a) a single decimeter square for one morning and one afternoon b) multiple decimeter squares for one morning and one afternoon c) a single decimeter square for one afternoon d) multiple decimeter squares for one afternoon 20. The heart is located ________ the sternum ? Behind a) to the right of b) to the left of c) behind d) in front of 21. Exchange of oxygen occurs in what structure Alveoli of the respiratory system? a) alveoli b) bronchioles 4 / 26 c) trachea d) pleura 22. What is true of fertility rates in less developed The fertility rates are highcountries? er in less-developed couna) they are lower in less-developed countries tries b) they are higher in less-developed countries c) they are higher in more-developed countries d) they are the same in more-developed and less developed countries 23. Enzyme activity is driven by what internal factor? a) pH b) temperature c) substrate concentration d) amino acid structure Amino acid structure 24. A new organism has been recently discov- Prokaryote ered in the ocean. All that is known of the organism's cell structure is that it lacks a membrane bound nucleus. Which of the following indicates how this organism will be classified in terms of cell type ? a) plant b) animal c) Prokaryote d) Fungus 25. In which of the following do mutations in hu- Genotype man DNA originate? a) protein b) mitochondria c) phenotype d) genotype 26. Which of the following organelles found in heterotrophs is similar to the chloroplast? 5 / 26 Mitochondria a) vacuole b) nucleus c) lysosome d) mitochondria 27. Which of the following organelles gives rough endoplasmic reticulum its signature rough characteristic? a) ribosomes b) mitochondria c) centrosomes d) vacuoles Ribosomes 28. DNA is to genes, as amino acids are to ______? a) cells b) ribosomes c) rna d) protein Protein 29. Atoms having ___ bonds complete one an- Ionic other by the donation and acceptance of electrons to form stable outer electron shells a) ionic b) covalent c) metallic d) van der waals 30. Mutations in what cells can be passed on to Germ cells future generations? a) brain cells b) germ cells c) skin cells d) nerve cells 31. DNA codons encode which of the following? Cell walls a) blood b) neurons c) amino acids d) cell walls 6 / 26 32. During cell replication, which material is du- DNA plicated by polymerase enzymes? a) water b) protein c) RNA d) DNA 33. What nitrogenous base is unique to RNA? a) uracil b) guanine c) thymine d) adenine Uracil 34. A research student predicts that rats raised Formulating a hypothesis in a stimulating environment will learn faster than rats raised in an isolated environment. This prediction corresponds with which of the following steps in the scientific method? a) formulating a hypothesis b) conducting an experiment c) analyzing the results d) drawing a conclusion 35. Meiosis occurs in which of the following cells? a) germ cells b) skin cells c) blood cells d) brain cells Germ cells 36. The liquid state of a substance is considered Changing; fixed to have a ___ shape and a ___ volume. a) fixed, fixed b) fixed, changing c) changing, fixed d) changing, changing 37. A researcher conducts a study to examine Independent the effects that time spent in extracurricular 7 / 26 involvement has on college entrance exam scores. In this study, extra-curricular involvement is what type of variable? a) dependent b) independent c) extraneous d) qualitative 38. When an automobile traveling at 60 miles per Kinetic and heat hour is brought to a rapid stop, the two types of energy most involved are what? a) potential and heat b) potential and kinetic c) kinetic and chemical d) kinetic and heat 39. When examining electronegativity values, which atoms will form the least polar bond with hydrogen? a) hydrogen b) fluorine c) chlorine d) bromine Hydrogen 40. Which of the following elements is the best electrical conductor? a) Bromine, b) arsenic c) carbon d) potassium Potassium 41. A large saturated hydrocarbon will contain ___ More than twice as many hydrogen atoms as carbon atoms a) the same number of hydrocarbon b) exactly twice as many hydrogen atoms as carbon atoms c) less than twice as many hydrogen atoms as carbon atoms 8 / 26 d) more than twice as many hydrogen atoms as carbon atoms 42. ___ are at a higher taxonomic level of organi- Cells; molecules zation than ___ a) organs, organ system b) cells, molecules c) atoms, molecules d) tissues, organs 43. Which of the following is needed for cellular Lysosome waste recycling? a) centrosome b) lysosome c) chromosome d) golgi apparatus 44. Which of the following system includes organs between the mouth and anus? a) respiratory b) digestive c) endocrine d) skeletal Digestive 45. Which of the following describes how a Pun- Shows what genotypes are nett square help predict the genotype of the possible in the offspring offspring if the alleles of both parents are known? a) provides information on dominant traits in the parents b) shows what genotypes are possible in the offspring c) provides probabilities of getting an incomplete dominance d) shows exactly what genotypes will occur in offspring 46. A substance with a pH of 7.0 when dissolved A neutral substance in water is? 9 / 26 a) strong acid b) weak base c) weak acid d) neutral substance 47. Which of the following by-products of cellular Carbon dioxide respiration is used by autotrophs in the production of glucose? a) ATP b) Carbon dioxide c) chlorophyll d) Oxygen 48. A certain disease is carried on the allele (a) 100% which is recessive to the normal condition (A). If a normal (AA) male meet with a female who has the disease (aa), what is the percentage of offspring that are carriers of the disease? a) 0% b) 25% c) 75% d) 100% 49. The pancreas is a component of which sys- Endocrine tem? a) lymphatic b) nervous c) endocrine d) muscular 50. Which of the following types of bond is primarily responsible for base pairing in complementary strands of DNA? a) ionic b) covalent c) dative d) hydrogen 51. 10 / 26 Hydrogen A cell uses which of the following as the DNA polymerase prooffirst-line of defense against mutations during reading DNA replication? a) cell death b) excision repair c) mismatch repair d) DNA polymerase proofreading 52. After passing through the stomach, food en- Duodenum ters into what structure? a) duodenum b) jejunum c) ileum d) cecum 53. Which of the following is the term given to Allele multiple forms of a gene that are produced by mutation? a) adaptation b) DNA c) allele d) natural selection 54. During mitosis and cell division, spindle fibers are associated with what organelle? a) centrosomes b) lysosomes c) mitochondria d) vacuoles Centrosome 55. In which of the following parts of the gastroin- Colon testinal tract does that absorption of water primarily occur? a) stomach b) small intestine c) cecum d) colon 56. During which of the following stages of devel- Gastrulation opment do individual tissue layers begin to 11 / 26 form? a) embryo formation b) zygote development c) gastrulation d) differentiation 57. Which of the following represents the number 4 of different cells formed upon completion of mitosis II? a) 1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4 58. Which of the following is a property of bases? Liberates OH- in solution a) tastes sour b) dissolves metal c) turns blue litmus paper red d) liberates OH- in solution 59. During which of the following stage of inter- G1 phase is mRNA synthesized? a) G1 b) Prophase c) S d) M 60. A harmful example of a catalytic reaction involves the breakdown of ozone by use of_______ a) chlorine ions b) fluorine ions c) manganese dioxide d) rhodium Chlorine ions 61. Phenotypes are seen due to the production of Proteins ___ from the genotypic code found in the cell nucleus a) cell membranes b) golgi bodies 12 / 26 c) lysosomes d) proteins 62. Receiving a vaccination against a particuActive lar disease results in which of the following types of immunity? a) passive b) active c) humoral d) cell-mediated 63. The veins of the upper part of the body are responsible for transporting blood to what area of the heart? a) superior vena cava b) inferior vena cava c) ascending aorta d) descending aorta Superior vena cava 64. The spleen and thoracic duct are part of which system? a) endocrine b) reproductive c) lymphatic d) urinary Lymphatic 65. Nucleotides are to DNA as amino acids are to Protein ____? a) proteins b) ribosomes c) RNA d) cells 66. Which of the following taxonomic ranks are Species the most specific? a) class b) domain c) kingdom d) species 13 / 26 67. For a given substance, the gas phase (com- Weaker; higher pared to the liquid phase) is considered to have ___ intermolecular attractions and to exist at ___ temperatures a) weaker, higher b) weaker, lower c) stronger, higher d) stronger, lower 68. Which of the following pulls air into the body Diaphragm during inspiration? a) diaphragm b) trachea c) bronchioles d) pleura 69. Which of the following is the chemical formu- C8H14 la for octyne? a) C8H12 b) C8H14 c) C8H16 d) C8H18 70. Which of the following describes how inThey block the active site hibitors affect the reaction rate of enzymes? of the substrate, causing a) They cause violent collisions, which in turn greatly reduced activity case substrate molecule to break b) They have little to no affect on reaction rates c) They block the active sites of substrate, causing greatly reduced activity d) They cause reverse reactions to act similarly to forward reactions so that equilibrium is maintained 71. Water's ___ bonding results in a ___ ratio of Covalent; 2:1 hydrogen to oxygen a) ionic, 1:2 b) ionic, 2:1 14 / 26 c) covalent, 1:2 d) covalent, 2:1 72. During which process does RNA relay infor- Translation mation to the ribosomes? a) translation b) transcription c) mitosis d) double-helix formation 73. In which of the following is urine stored? a) ureter b) prostate c) bladder d) kidneys Bladder 74. In a medication study population A is given Control group the medication, and population B is given a placebo. What describes population B? a) control group b) treatment group c) dependent variable d) independent variable 75. What organ produces bile that begins the breakdown of fat? a) gallbladder b) liver c) pancreas d) kidneys Liver 76. 2 reasons for conducting scientific investiga- Establishing procedures. tions Involving quality of life. 77. An example of an investigation that has led to Prosthetics, organs radically new designs that improve the quality of life 78. List the six parts of a scientific argument 15 / 26 Problem identification. Question asking. Hypothe- sis development. Data collection and experimentation. Analysis. Conclusion. 79. How does a scientific argument change over A bias may be shown, or time? results can not be repeated 80. Give two reasons why scientific research is Data is recorded in numdependent on technology bers. Relationships are established by graphs and formulas. Numerical models are used to describe mathematical relationship. 81. Without mathematics, scientific research would not be possible. Explain why this is true. If mathematics were not used, scientific descriptions would be purely qualitative in nature. 82. Describe how mathematics and science have Fiber optics have inincreased communication in the corporate creased communication world. speed and processing time. 83. List two industries that benefit from adForensics, cosmology, mevancement of mathematical and technologi- teorology cal skills. 84. What is deductive reasoning ? Deductive reasoning is when conclusion follow a general principle 85. What is inductive reasoning ? Inductive reasoning is when conclusions are formed from specific facts 86. Where on the body can epithelial tissue be found? Skin 87. Bone 16 / 26 Where on the body can connective tissue be found? 88. Where on the body can muscle tissue be found? Heart 89. Where on the body can nervous tissue be found? Brain 90. The smallest parts of elements that can still Atoms retain all the original properties of the element 91. A chemical bonding of atoms that possesses Molecule its own characteristics independent of the atoms themselves 92. Specific molecules combining form what? Cells 93. What are cells also known as? The basic unit of all life 94. Cells combine in terms of function and type Tissues to form what? 95. 2 or more tissue types work together to per- The organ level form a specific function at what level? 96. What performs extremely complex functions? Organs 97. When organs work together to perform a task Organ system the result is what? 98. How many organ systems are there in the human body? 11 99. What is the highest level of organization? Organism 100. What is the result of all organ systems work- Organism ing together within the body? 17 / 26 101. What is the hierarchy of the structure of the Organism, organ systems, human body? organs, tissues, cells, molecules, atoms 102. This system works as the transportation sys- Circulatory system tem for substances such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and nutrients in the body. 103. This system breaks down food so that the Digestive system nutrients can be easily passed into the blood and circulated through the body 104. This system controls body functions Endocrine system 105. This system protects internal tissues from Integumentary system injury, waterproofs the body, and helps regulate the body temperature. This system also serves as a barrier to foreign substances 106. This system helps cleanse the blood and Lymphatic system houses the white blood cells that are involved in protecting the body from environmental pathogens 107. This system produces movement through contractions Muscular system 108. This system acts as the body's control sys- Nervous system tem and is necessary to protect the body from changes in the internal and external environment 109. This system produces offspring Reproductive system 110. This system keeps all the cells in the body supplied with oxygen and removes the carbon dioxide Respiratory system 111. This system provides support and protection Skeletal system for the body, supplies a framework use to 18 / 26 create movement, and served as a storage for minerals, such as calcium 112. This system helps maintain the water and Urinary system electrolyte balance within the body, regulates the acid base balance in the blood, and removes all nitrogen-containing wastes from the body. 113. True or false: blood that passes through the False, blood that passes tricuspid valve enters the left ventricle through the tricuspid valve enters the right ventricle 114. True or false: blood that passes through the False, blood that passes mitral valve enters the pulmonary artery through the mitrial valve enters the left ventricle 115. True or false: after contraction of the left ven- True tricle, blood enters the aorta 116. True or false: after contraction of the right True ventricle, blood enters the pulmonary artery 117. True or false: after contraction of the right atrium blood enters the right ventricle True 118. True or false: the pulmonary valve ensures that blood stays in the aorta False, the pulmonary valve ensures that blood stays in the pulmonary artery 119. The respiratory system supplies the body with ___ and removes ___ Oxygen; carbon dioxide 120. It is true the walls of the ___ that oxygen and carbon dioxide move in and out of the capillaries in the lungs Alveoli 121. During ___ the diaphragm contracts, the Inspiration chest cavity enlarges, creating negative pres19 / 26 sure in the chest cavity and pulling air into the lungs. 122. When the diaphragm relaxes, carbon dioxide Expiration is forced out of the body 123. An abdominal muscle that contrakt, pulls air Diaphragm into the lungs during inspiration 124. True or false: the nervous system directs bod- True ily defenses against external stimuli 125. True or false: the nervous system regulates True heart and breathing rate 126. True or false: the nervous system supplies the body with oxygen and remove carbon dioxide False, this is a function of the respiratory system 127. True or false: the nervous system releases heat built up by the muscular system False, this is a function of the integumentary system 128. The digestion of carbohydrates begins with mouth salivary amylase in the 129. The propulsion of food through the gastroin- peristalsis testinal tract is called 130. The surface area for absorption in the small villi and microvilli intestine is increase as a result of 131. The breakdown of proteins by protease begins where? stomach 132. Anxiety about an upcoming final exam caus- b) sympathetic es a student to experience an increase in blood pressure, dilation of pupils and dry mouth. Which of the following nervous system responses is responsible for these symptoms? 20 / 26 a) voluntary b) sympathetic c) limbic d) cognitive 133. The bands in muscle sarcomere are formed a) myosin by actin and which of the following proteins? a) myosin b) dynein c) keratin d) laminin 134. 4 He + 14 N--> 17 O + X Which of the following options for "x" in the nuclear reaction above? a) 1H 1 b) 18 F 9 c) 3H 1 d) 1 N 0 1H1 Explanation: 1 + 7 = 8 4 + 14 = 16, 16 + 1 = 17 The proton and neutron complement is equal, required by law of conservation of mass and charge 135. 235 U --> X + 4 He 92 2 Which of the following is "x" in the reaction above? a) 239 Pu 94 b) 231 Pu 94 c) 231 Th 90 d) 239 Th 90 231 Th 90 Look for numbers that correctly ad up to the number on the opposite side of the reaction 231+4 = 235 90+2 = 92 In natural decay of radioisotope uranium 235, uranium loses 2 protons and 4 mass units, the atomic number is reduced by 2 and the mass number is reduced by 4. corresponding to thorium 231 136. After doing a belly flop into a swimming pool, hydrogen bonding a child says "The water slapped me." Which Hydrogen bonding holds of the following is the property of water that water molecules tightly tocauses slap? gether so they cannot dis21 / 26 a) irregular expansion b) hydrogen bonding c) capillary action d) hydrophobic exclusion perse easily, increasing surface tension thus causing the slap 137. An atom of lithium, atm number 3, has 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons. What is the atom's mass number? a) 3 b) 6 c) 7 d) 10 7 The mass of an atom is the sum of protons and neutrons in its nucleous 138. The best DIRECT method of assessing global surface temperatures of climate change is to measure changes over Earth time in: a) polar bear populations in the Artic circle b) reflective power of Earth c) surface temperatures on Earth d) hurricane frequency in Atlantic ocean 139. The bonds that exist between carbon and hydrogen in methane (CH4) molecule are classified as which of the following? a) hydrogen bonds b) polar covalent bonds c) nonpolar covalent bonds d) ionic bonds nonpolar covalent bonds Carbon and Hydrogen have similar electronegativities, and they share electrons equally. The bonds are nonpolar covalent 140. Clouds are formed when water _____from the evaporates, condenses surface of the earth and ____ at high altitudes a) condenses, vaporizes b) sublimates, evaporates c) evaporates, condenses d) vaporizes, sublimates 141. Cystic fibrosis is a homozygous recessive 25% condition. A genetic counselor should advise Each parent is a carrier of concerned parents that, if each of them had a the disease (Cf) then the 22 / 26 parent with cystic fibrosis yet neither of them child would have a 25% is affected, the probability of their potential chance of having cystic fichild being affected is: brosis a) 0% b) 25% c) 50% d) 100% 142. Defining principle of scientific explanations is that they are: a) falsifiable b) unexpected c) scholarly d) predictable falsifiable A testable and falsifiable hypothesis is the mark of scientific investigation 143. A drug that stops the function of genetic code from DNA polymerase would: a) slow the transcription of genetic code from DNA to messenger RNA b) hinder the rate of binding of transfer RNA anticodons to messenger RNA codons c) prevent formation of peptide bonds between the amino acids of the growing protein molecule d) block the replication of DNA carrying the genetic code in the nucleus block the replication of DNA carrying the genetic code in nucleus DNA polymerase in the enzyme that copies DNA 144. Which of the following indicates the number 114 neutrons and 77 elecof neutrons and electrons for a neutral iso- trons tope of iridium that has a mass number of 191? 191-77=114 a) 77 neutrons and 114 electrons b) 114 neutrons and 77 electrons c) 191 neutrons and 114 electrons d) 191 neutrons and 77 electrons 145. A student is testing the materials in two soil different soils contain difsamples. Which of the following assumptions ferent nutrients can be inferred from the data presented in the table above? 23 / 26 a) different soils contain different nutrients b) sample 1 is the best soil c) nitrates are more frequently found in soil than are phosphates d) most plants thrive in nitrate-rich soil 146. Which of the following is considered least useful in conducting quantitative scientific research? a) modeling data b) applying empirical formulas c) using highly precise measurement tools d) recording qualitative observations recording qualitative observations 147. A researcher wishes to test the hypothesis compare the eggs from 10 that soy is a superior diet compared to whole soy cultures vs 10 whole wheat for the reproductive purposes of a cer- wheat cultures tain type of beetle. Which of the following describes how the researcher should best test this hypothesis? a) record number of eggs recovered from a single culture b) count the eggs recovered from 10 separate cultures reared on soy versus a single culture on whole wheat c) compare the eggs from 10 soy cultures versus 10 whole-wheat cultures d) record the eggs from one soy culture versus 10 whole-wheat cultures 148. Suppose a 2-kilogram mass is traveling at 3 9 joules meters/second. Which is the following is the objects kinetic energy? a) 3 joules b) 6 joules c) 9 joules d) 18 joules 149. Ca+H2SO4 Which of the following statements correct24 / 26 calcium is oxidized to Ca2+ ly describes the outcome of the reaction above? a) calcium is oxidized to Ca2+ b) sulfuric acid is decomposed to hydrogen sulfide c) sulfuric acid is neutralized to calcium sulfate d) hydrogen is oxidized to hydrogen gas 150. cause of cell differentiation is that different cells: a) encode different DNA b) have different chromosomes c) contain similar protein information d) express alternate genetic information express alternate genetic information different cell types express different subsets of genes heart disease 151. chewing tobacco and cigarettes both contain nicotine which constricts blood vessels. smoking also involves the inhalation of tar, which leads to cellular changes and loss of elasticity in lung tissue. based on this information, which of the following health problems is likely to be common to chewing tobacco and cigarettes? a) alzheimer's b) chronic bronchitis c) heart disease d) emphysema 152. the concentration of hydrogen ions in water ten to the negative seven with pH of 7 is times M a) ten to the seventh power times M 10-7M b) seven times M c) point seven times M d) ten to the negative seven times M 153. Dark matter is a form of energy proposed to it serves as a working hyexplain the repulsive forces between matter pothesis to explain real obin the universe. It has never been observed servations in universe directly. Which of the following is the best 25 / 26 rationale for many scientists contention that it exists? a) it serves as a working hypothesis to explain real observations in the universe b) a basic scientific principle is to consider everything possible until proven otherwise c) since light energy exists in the universe, dark energy must also exist d) light energy from distant stars is very faint because it is absorbed by dark energy 26 / 26