Name: Class: Date: DRAWING IONIC BONDS Introduction: An ionic bond forms between a metal and a nonmetal. An ionic bond occurs when a metal atom loses valence electron(s) to become a positive (+) ion or cation, while the nonmetal gains valence electron(s) to become a negative (-) ion or anion. An ionic bond forms due to the strong electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative ions. How to Draw Simple Ionic Bond Diagrams 1. Draw the electron dot diagrams for each element. HINT: This will help you see the number of unpaired valence electrons for each element, which will help you determine how many electrons each element must gain or lose to achieve a full outer shell. 2. Draw arrows to show the transfer of valence electrons from the metal to the nonmetal. HINT: You may need to draw additional atoms of either element to make sure that each atom attains a full outer valence shell and that there is an equal number of electrons lost and gained. 3. Write the electric charge (+) or (-) and # above each element’s symbol like an exponent. HINT: When atoms lose electrons, they become (+) charged. When atoms gain electrons, they become (-) charged. If they lose more than 1 electron, write the number, as well (e.g. 2- or 2+). Activity: Drawing Ionic Bond Diagrams: For each ionic compound, you have been given the element names and the chemical formula. First, draw the electron dot diagrams for each element below the name. Second, draw the ionic bonding diagram for the compound. Be sure to include the charges. The first 2 have been done for you so you can see how it is done • • • • # Metal Nonmetal sodium chlorine (must lose 1) (must gain 1) A. B. Formula NaCl (shows 1 Na and 1 Cl) calcium fluorine (must lose 2) (must gain 1) CaF2 (shows 1 Ca and 2 F) Bonding Diagram # Metal Nonmetal 1. lithium bromine Formula LiBr 2. magnesium chlorine MgCl2 3. sodium oxygen Na2O 4. beryllium sulfur BeS 5. aluminum iodine AlI 3 Bonding Diagram Name: Class: Date: DRAWING IONIC BONDS (KEY) Introduction: An ionic bond forms between a metal and a nonmetal. An ionic bond occurs when a metal atom loses valence electron(s) to become a positive (+) ion or cation, while the nonmetal gains valence electron(s) to become a negative (-) ion or anion. An ionic bond forms due to the strong electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative ions. How to Draw Simple Ionic Bond Diagrams 1. Draw the electron dot diagrams for each element. HINT: This will help you see the number of unpaired valence electrons for each element, which will help you determine how many electrons each element must gain or lose to achieve a full outer shell. 2. Draw arrows to show the transfer of valence electrons from the metal to the nonmetal. HINT: You may need to draw additional atoms of either element to make sure that each atom attains a full outer valence shell and that there is an equal number of electrons lost and gained. 3. Write the electric charge (+) or (-) and # above each element’s symbol like an exponent. HINT: When atoms lose electrons, they become (+) charged. When atoms gain electrons, they become (-) charged. If they lose more than 1 electron, write the number, as well (e.g. 2- or 2+). Activity: Drawing Ionic Bond Diagrams: For each ionic compound, you have been given the element names and the chemical formula. First, draw the electron dot diagrams for each element below the name. Second, draw the ionic bonding diagram for the compound. Be sure to include the charges. The first 2 have been done for you so you can see how it is done • • • • # Metal Nonmetal sodium chlorine (must lose 1) (must gain 1) A. B. Formula NaCl (shows 1 Na and 1 Cl) calcium fluorine (must lose 2) (must gain 1) CaF2 (shows 1 Ca and 2 F) Bonding Diagram # Metal Nonmetal 1. lithium bromine Formula LiBr 2. magnesium chlorine MgCl2 3. sodium oxygen Na2O 4. beryllium sulfur BeS 5. aluminum iodine AlI 3 Bonding Diagram